Loading...
HomeMy WebLinkAboutRES 18-29RESOLUTION NO. 18-29 A RESOLUTION OF THE MAYOR AND CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF APACHE JUNCTION, APPROVING AND ADOPTING THE UPDATED PINAL COUNTY COMMUNITY WILDFIRE PROTECTION PLAN. WHEREAS,the working group for the Pinal County Community Wildfire Protection Plan of 2018("CWPP"),acting under the authority of the Healthy Forests Restoration Act ("HFRA") of 2003 [Public Law 108-148, approved December 3, 2003; as amended through P.L. 115-141, enacted March 23, 2018](16 U.S.C. 6501), has caused to be prepared and submitted to the City of Apache Junction, the Pinal CWPP for a resolution of support; and WHEREAS, the Pinal County CWPP working group has collaborated with community members,forestry specialists from the State Forestry,the Bureau of Land Management,United States Forest Service and representatives from city fire departments and districts and in association and cooperation with municipalities including the City of Apache Junction as required under HFRA for the reduction of wildfire risk; and WHEREAS,the CWPP specifically addresses wildfire urban interface hazard vulnerabilities and mitigation strategies applicable for the City of Apache Junction; and WHEREAS,the CWPP provides priorities for hazardous fuels reduction planning and wildfire prevention in communities at risk within the wildland urban interface boundary. NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT RESOLVED BY THE MAYOR AND CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF APACHE JUNCTION AS FOLLOWS: 1)The updated Pinal County CWPP,a copy of which will be on file in city's city clerk department as an attachment to this resolution, is hereby approved and adopted. 2)The City of Apache Junction acknowledges that all previous adoptions of CWPPs are hereby superseded,repealed and replaced. RESOLUTION NO. 18-29 PAGE 1 OF 2 .S- PASSED AND ADOPTED BY THE MAYOR AND CITY COU1\2CIL/10 THE CITY OF APACHE JUNCTION, ARIZONA TO THIS,g/ DAY OF e g"?,6.., 2018. SIGNED AND ATTESTED TO THIS0 2 _ DAY OF 6 2-6-1'.1-444.-----, 2018. ATTEST: KATHLEEN CONNELLY City Clerk APPROVED AS TO FORM: . ( 4 \9. RICHARD J. STERN City Attorney RESOLUTION NO. 18-29 PAGE 2 OF 2 PINAL COUNTY Community Wildfire Protection Plan June 2018 Apache Junction Dudleyville Golder Ranch Kearny Mammoth Oracle Queen Valley San Manuel Superior Top of the World Ak-Chin Indian Community Avra Valley Casa Grande Coolidge Eloy Florence Gila River Indian Community Maricopa Queen Creek Tohono O'odham Nation 44,‘pllNAL COUN7Y \V ii)OPEN OPEDICEENITY This Page Intentionally Left Blank Pinal County Community Wildfire Protection Plan June 2018 Prepared by: Logan Simpson 51 W 3rd Street Suite 450 Tempe, AZ 85281 (480) 967-1343 www.logansimpson.com Y Y it a • L O G A N S I M P S O N This Page Intentionally Left Blank Table of Contents TABLE OF CONTENTS Acronyms and Abbreviations ............................................................................................................iv I.Introduction .................................................................................................................................1 A.Background ..........................................................................................................................1 B.WUI and Delineation Process ...............................................................................................8 C.Desired Future Condition and Wildfire Mitigation in the WUI ...............................................11 D.Goals for the 2018 Pinal County CWPP .............................................................................13 II.Pinal County CWPP Community Assessment and Analysis .................................................. A.Analysis Area ..................................................................................................................... B.Fire Management Units (FM Us) .......................................................................................... 1.BLM Gila District ........................................................................................................... 2.USFS ............................................................................................................................ C.Fire Regime and Condition Class ....................................................................................... D.Fire Threat .......................................................................................................................... E.Conditions of Ignition and Past Fire Occurrence ................................................................. F.Wildfire Effects ................................................................................................................... 1.Housing, Businesses, Essential Infrastructure, and Evacuation Routes ........................ 2.Recreation Areas/Natural Habitat ................................................................................. 3.Local Preparedness and Protection Capability .............................................................. Summary of Community Assessment and Fire Risk Analysis ............................................. 1.Eastern Pinal County Sub-WUI Communities ............................................................... 2.Western WUI Communities ........................................................................................... Wildfire Risk Analysis ......................................................................................................... G. H. Ill.Community Mitigation Plan ...................................................................................................... A.Fuel Management Priorities ................................................................................................ B.Fuels Modifications and Treatments 1.Alternate Federal, State, or Private Land Wildland Fuel Modification Plan .................... C.Prevention and Loss Mitigation ........................................................................................... 1.Administer and Implement the Pinal County CWPP ...................................................... 2.Improve Protection Capability and Reduction in Structural lgnitability ........................... 3.Promote Community Involvement and Improved Public Education, Information, and Outreach ............................................................................................89 4.Encourage Use of Woody Material from WUI Fuel Mitigation Programs .......................90 IV.Pinal County CWPP 2018 Priorities:Action Recommendations and Implementation .........................................................................................................................91 A.Administrative Oversight .....................................................................................................91 B.Priorities for Mitigation of Hazardous Wildland Fuels ..........................................................94 15 15 22 22 23 25 29 41 42 45 46 47 51 51 60 66 71 71 ...................................................................................72 85 86 87 88 Pinal County Community Wildfire Protection Plan June 2018 Table of Contents C.Identified Action Items for Protection Capability and Reduced Structural Ignitability ...........................................................................................................95 D.Priorities for Promoting Community Involvement through Education, Information, and Outreach ..................................................................................................96 V.Monitoring Plan .........................................................................................................................99 A.Administrative Oversight, Monitoring, and Pinal County CWPP Reporting ..........................99 B.Effectiveness Monitoring ..................................................................................................100 VI.References ...............................................................................................................................103 VII.Declaration of Agreement and Concurrence .........................................................................109 VIII.Glossary of Fire management Terms ....................................................................................113 LIST O F TABLES Table 1.1 Pinal County CWPP Recommended At -Risk Communities ....................................................8 Table 2.1. Land Management within the WUI ......................................................................................21 Table 2.2. Fire Regime Information ......................................................................................................26 Table 2.3. Vegetation Condition Classes within the Pinal County WUI .................................................27 Table 2.4. Pinal County WUI Fuel Types and Vegetation Associations ................................................32 Table 2.5. Fuel Models, Fuel Descriptions, and Fire Behavior Models .................................................39 Table 2.6. Wildland Fire Threat ............................................................................................................41 Table 2.7. Ignition History and Wildfire Occurrence .............................................................................41 Table 2.8. Wildland fire Effects ............................................................................................................48 Table 2.9. Wildfire Threat Assessment by Percentage and Acreage of the WUI ..................................69 Table 3.1. Fuel Modification and Treatment Plans ...............................................................................75 Table 3.2. Identified TMUs ...................................................................................................................77 Table 3.3. Acres of Wildland Fuels Mitigation Treatment Conducted by ADFFM Fire and Fuels Crew during a 10 -Hour On -Site Workday .................................................................85 Table 4.1. Action recommendations for wildland fuel modification .......................................................94 Table 4.2. Action recommendations for structural ignitability and public outreach ................................95 Table 4.3. Future Recommendations for Wildland Fire Protection and Reduced lgnitability .................................................................................................................................96 Table 4.4. Future Recommendations for Enhanced Public Education, Information, and Outreach ..................................................................................................................................97 Table 5.1. Performance measures to assess Pinal County CWPP progress ......................................100 Pinal County Community Wildfire Protection Plan June 2018 Table of Contents LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1.1. Location of 2018 Pinal County CWPP Analysis Area ...........................................................2 Figure 1.2. Pinal County CWPP Planning Process ................................................................................5 Figure 2.1. Pinal County CWPP Sub-WUls ..........................................................................................17 Figure 2.2. Pinal County WUI Analysis Area Land Ownership .............................................................19 Figure 2.3. Pinal County CWPP Vegetation Associations ....................................................................33 Figure 2.4a. Pinal County CWPP Wildland Fire Threat — Normal Rainfall Years ..................................35 Figure 2.4b. Pinal County CWPP Wildland Fire Threat — Extraordinary Rainfall Years ........................37 Figure 2.5. Pinal County WUI Ignition History ......................................................................................43 Figure 2.6. Pinal County CWPP Wildland Fire Effects Assessment .....................................................49 Figure 2.7. Superstition Fire & Medical District Fire Management Zones .............................................53 Figure 2.8. Pinal County CWPP Wildland Fire Risk Analysis ...............................................................67 Figure 3.1. Pinal County CWPP Treatment Management Units ...........................................................73 LIST OF PHOTOGRAPHS Photograph 1.1. 2018 Pinal County CWPP Core Team Kick -Off Meeting ..............................................3 Photograph 2.1. VCC 3- Saltcedar/ tamarisk -invaded riparian habitat ..................................................28 Photograph 2.2. 2017 Roach Fire in the area of Dudleyville, AZ ..........................................................45 Photograph 2.3. Gila River Riparian Corridor March 1, 2018 ...............................................................47 Photograph 3.1. 2017 Roach Fire ........................................................................................................89 LIST OF APPENDICES Appendix A. Educational Resources Appendix B. Information Data Sheet and Contacts Appendix C. Treatment Management Unit Detail Maps Pinal County Community Wildfire Protection Plan June 2018 Acronyms and Abbreviations ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS ADFFM Arizona Department of Forestry and Fire Management APS Arizona Public Service ASLD Arizona State Land Department BAER burned area emergency response BLM Bureau of Land Management CARs communities -at -risk CNF Coronado National Forest CWPP community wildfire protection plan EMA Ecosystem Management Area FMU Fire Management Unit FMZ fire management zones FRCC fire regime condition class GIS geographic information system GPS Global Positioning System HFRA Healthy Forests Restoration Act IGA intergovernmental agreement ISO Insurance Services Office NFDRS National Fire Danger Rating System NFPA National Fire Protection Association NIFC National Interagency Fire Center PCOEM Pinal County Office of Emergency Management PPE personal protective equipment SR State Route SRP Salt River Project TES threatened, endangered, and sensitive species TNF Tonto National Forest USDA US Department of Agriculture USDI US Department of the Interior USFS US Forest Service VCC vegetation condition class WFLC Wildland Fire Leadership Council WUI wildland-urban interface Pinal County Community Wildfire Protection Plan iv June 2018 Section I. Introduction I.INTRODUCTION The existing Pinal County Community Wildfire Protection Plan (CWPP) for at -risk communities in Pinal County was developed in 2009 in response to the Healthy Forests Restoration Act (HFRA) of 2003 and due to the proximity of these communities to landscape -scale fires. The 2009 Pinal County CWPP is compliant with HFRA and was designed to support the efforts of local land managers (both public and private) to identify and mitigate hazards to private property, community infrastructure, and ecosystem health from wildfire in the wildland-urban interface (VVUI). The 2009 Pinal County CWPP established goals and objectives to reduce wildland fire threat to at -risk communities. Since the approval of the 2009 Pinal County CWPP, residents, government agencies, and fire departments and districts have worked collaboratively have worked collaboratively to achieve the goals established in that CWPP. However, the WUI continues to grow; new residents continue to arrive; the drought persists; and concepts, tools, and public attitudes related to wildland fire risk assessment and to wildland fuels and ecosystem management are evolving—all resulting in changing views from "protection from wildfire" to "preparation for wildfire." Therefore, Pinal County has determined that the 2009 Pinal County CWPP should be reviewed and, where necessary, revised to provide a higher level of community protection from, and preparation for, unwanted wildland fire. Pinal County believes that the protection of life and property from wildland fire must involve a comprehensive approach, from a single home site to the entire community that abuts wildlands to the surrounding region. Pinal County believes in a community -focused approach to creating fire -adapted communities (https://fireadapted.oro/),which is a new path forward and a new way of thinking about wildland fire that reduces dependency on suppression. Such fire -adapted communities are composed of informed and prepared citizens collaboratively planning, preparing, and taking action to safely coexist with wildland fire. Additionally, Pinal County supports a regional approach to preventing and preparing for unwanted wildfire in at -risk communities. Pinal County has agreed to reestablish the Pinal County CWPP planning team and to identify and expand, where necessary, community wildfire protection and preparation on a regional level (refer to Figure 1.1). A.Background Pinal County fully supports the tenets of the National Cohesive Strategy, which establishes a national vision for wildland fire management, defines national goals, describes the wildland fire challenges, identifies opportunities to reduce wildfire risks, and establishes national priorities focused on achieving the national goals. The National Cohesive Strategy explores four broad challenges: 1.Managing vegetation and fuels 2.Protecting homes, communities, and other values at risk 3.Managing human -caused ignitions 4.Effectively and efficiently responding to wildfire Pinal County Community Wildfire Protection Plan 1 June 2018 Section I. Introduction t,7 ,•• A.•Colorado .Fin•ovhr Oani .Sophanut -I BE f• - Jar.obj..h4h, I •Tmtr ne F../M ., V S .7t•i• _ELS, .sc--044•:.;;:ttL7's „....i et".".tf.—F/r j /14 " jr.AI I mc--r)••-*Via,—• ••— ta6, ,Ahani;A_• Kkii -man Mirker L A I , •MA:paw •-\- \ 'I A ,,'• ash [or IR;; A P A,I - ,Ousca, •.,;/,11Trti (89-'1 1.31p,.1tottunn.1 C. P A • '1 Whlkenburg " itart,t1,10 /fiQl hr""n1Planning Location17 IhJihkEhh. , Im A R o p• 1.14/i ••.•-•• ••'.• V I I n •A F -• 'r-T U tvi e"I #_.,41 . I GrhaEirrN3 Mammoth;dh • J P I N A L 1 Why • Lul.mdlo Miles - Miles Ipplrg 0 25 50 100 Source: Airbus, USGS, NSA, NASA. CGIAR,N I I I I Robinson,NCFAS,NIS,OS,NMA,Geodatestyrel'Community end Ail., User P l'M A Rohl 9 3 SAO; I*/ 'Rs Otto! amp ! .V4oth,"•--1: •Tuba CPly 1.5 -Pp el•nAloKi PIiIIQdhUl IANTA‘ •c.RUZ Figure 1.1. Location of 2018 Pinal County CWPP Analysis Area ,44•?.C.1 „fry!Gt-aff_fft (-1`.•'We'l I, ;!;.;P• cco,„•c. 0 ic 18.71)- C3 •--?fie21 B L S I ' • --- A '1r.A M ' :•.; • • ,-1:;;10,‘Kei,-,\P ` -',,z`.°"),;'• I Pinal County Community Wildfire Protection Plan 2 June 2018 Section I. Introduction In particular, Pinal County supports the National Cohesive Strategy in providing general guidance for homes, communities, and values at risk. The National Cohesive Strategy promotes community and homeowner involvement in planning and implementing actions to mitigate the risk posed by wildfire, stresses programs and activities that prevent human -caused ignitions, and emphasizes proactive wildfire risk mitigation actions. In order to provide Pinal County residents with the most up-to-date information on community wildland fire preparation, the Pinal County Office of Emergency Management (PCOEM) is updating and, where appropriate, revising the 2009 Pinal County CWPP to have an inclusive regional approach to enhance fire -adapted communities. The 2009 Pinal County CWPP was developed as a collaborative effort between representatives of local governments, fire departments and districts, Arizona Department of Forestry and Fire Management (ADFFM), Bureau of Land Management (BLM) Gila District, Coronado National Forest (CNF), and Tonto National Forest (TNF), who collectively formed the Core Planning Team (Core Team). Pinal County has reinitiated the collaborative planning process for this update and revision by soliciting participation by the Core Team members from the original 2009 collaborative process. Recognizing that relationships between municipalities and fire districts within Pinal County as well as partnerships with state and federal land managers where public safety responsibilities may overlap requires a collaborative effort to succeed. In response, the 2018 Core Team is composed of representatives from the PCOEM, Pinal County Public Works, Pinal County Public Health, Pinal County Geographic Information Systems, CNF, TNF, BLM, ADFFM, local fire departments, cities/towns, communities, and interested parties. The Core Team was re-formed to guide and provide direction for updates to this 2018 Pinal County CWPP (refer to Photograph 1.1). The 2018 Core Team has followed essentially the same planning process as used during development of the 2009 Pinal County CWPP (refer to Figure 1.2) to develop a HFRA-compliant CWPP for the at -risk communities of Pinal County. Photograph 1.1. 2018 Pinal County CWPP Core Team Kick -Off Meeting Pinal County Community Wildfire Protection Plan 3 June 2018 Section I. Introduction This Page Intentionally Left Blank Pinal County Community Wildfire Protection Plan 4 June 2018 Colirroottoo eraerek• Coro too,1 .1•11 E 11;=1 1111=11 -r ArerPoloarre Om r.O. 1.,%;roOrro rein..I Trestmool tlanaoemeol Recorroororo Lanil ',Saner. tor Fuel Parocion ana Como Head, Pastor.. trorrourso 4ororn Preror 1.1:624.1 Wax asiesSaanrenassan Cam. Figure 1.2. Pinal County CINPP Planning Process ruoad.o..r I PeastNaaihReeteleas I I OnordOir wed VAJI oro cornmalOr Desonolloo 7 1 7-7777:7 .0.;er.iFsor, Goer ItehJett.• 1,4ellen Pam .yereorra. and torts Farrow.° Porn ..imawinamasel "zoom Porn.. Me P an COrn,ONY LlaayaInal PPP Prelim RoccortosroOdion end OrtplotnonlotIon ttaitortroo PICO Sector, I. InOoducton Pined County Community Wildfire Protection Plan June 2018 Secton I. Introducton This Page Intentionally Left Blank. Paull County Community Wildfire Protacton Plan June 2016 6 Section I. Introduction During analyses for the revision of the Pinal County CWPP, the Core Team recognized that in addition to guidance documents used during development of the 2009 CWPP, advancements in wildland fire risk assessments, responses, and public education have occurred. The following documents information sources that have been reviewed or referenced as part of the 2018 Pinal County CWPP revision process: •"Urban Wildland Interface Communities within the Vicinity of Federal Lands That Are at High Risk from Wildfire" (US Department of Agriculture [USDA] and US Department of the Interior [USDI] 2001a, 2001b) •Field Guidance: Identifying and Prioritizing Communities at Risk (National Association of State Foresters 2003) •Arizona Wild/and Urban Interface Assessment (Arizona Department of Forestry and Fire Management [ADFFM] 2004) •Identifying Arizona's Wild/and/Urban Interface Communities at Risk: A Guide for State and Federal Land Managers (ADFFM 2007) •Arizona Identified Communities -At -Risk (ADFFM 2009) •Statewide Strategy for Restoring Arizona's Forests (Governor's Forest Health Councils 2007) •Arizona Forest Resource Assessment (ADFFM 2010a) •Arizona Forest Resource Strategy (ADFFM 2010b) •Forest Health Landscape -Scale Restoration Recommendations (Western Governors' Association 2010) •A National Cohesive Wild/and Fire Management Strategy -Phase ll National Report (VVildland Fire Leadership Council [VVFLC] 2012) •Landscape Conservation and Restoration Strategic Action Plan (US Forest Service [USFS] 2011) •Approved Arizona Statewide Land Use Plan Amendment for Fire, Fuels, and Air Quality Management and Decision Record (BLM 2004a) •Preparing a Community Wildfire Protection Plan: A Handbook for Wild/and-Urban Interface Communities (Communities Committee et al. 2004) •Community Guide to Preparing and Implementing a Community Wildfire Protection Plan. A Supplemental Guide to Preparing a Community Wildfire Protection Plan: A Handbook for Wildland-Urban Interface Communities (Communities Committee et al. 2008) •Guidance for Implementation of Federal Wild/and Fire Management Policy (USDA and USDI 2009) •Coronado National Forest Plan (USFS 1986) •Tonto National Forest Plan (USFS 1985) •Arizona BLM Gila District Fire Management Plan (BLM 2013) •!Midland Urban Interface Wildfire Mitigation Desk Reference Guide (PMS 051; National Wildfire Coordinating Group 2017) •National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) Firewise Communities (NFPA 2018a) Pinal County Community Wildfire Protection Plan 7 June 2018 Section I. Introduction B.WUI and Delineation Process In January and August 2001, the USDI and USDA published the "Urban Wildland Interface Communities within the Vicinity of Federal Lands That Are at High Risk from Wildfire" in the Federal Register (USDA and USDI 2001a, 2001b), which included two communities within Pinal County: Oracle and Santa Cruz. In December 2008, six communities were included in the Arizona Identified Communities -At -Risk (ADFFM 2009) and were given a WUI risk rating for catastrophic wildland fire. The Core Team has reviewed and concurs with the listing of at -risk communities within the 2009 Arizona Identified Communities -At -Risk list (ADFFM 2009), as maintained by the ADFFM. The Core Team and collaborators recommend maintaining the original four nontribal and two tribal communities based on the results of the 2009 Pinal County CWPP wildland fire analysis, and further recommend including the Pinal County communities identified in the Arizona Identified Communities -At- Risk list (refer to Table 1.1) as part of the 2018 update process, along with their associated WUI risk ratings. Table 1.1 Pinal County CWPP Recommended At -Risk Communities Community Fire Department/District 2007 CARs WUI Risk a 2009 CWPP WUI Risk b 2009 CARs WUI Risk c 2018 CWPP Will Risk ' Apache Junction Arizona City Avra Valley Casa Grande Chuichu Coolidge Dudleyville Eloy Florence Galiuro Mountains Kearny Mammoth Maricopa Maricopa Colony Oracle Oracle Junction/Saddlebrook Picacho Queen Creek Queen Valley San Manuel Santa Cruz Apache Junction Fire District Arizona City Fire District Avra Valley Fire District Casa Grande Fire Department Tohono O'odham Nation Fire Department Coolidge Fire Department Dudleyville Fire District Eloy Fire District Florence Fire Department None Kearny Fire Department Mammoth Fire District Maricopa Fire Department Ak-Chin Indian Community Fire Department Oracle Fire District Golder Ranch Fire District None Queen Creek Fire Department Queen Valley Fire District San Manuel Fire District Gila River Indian Community Fire Department Low -Low Low -Moderate Low -Moderate Low -Low Moderate -Moderate Low -Low Moderate Moderate Low Moderate Low -Moderate Moderate -Moderate Low -Moderate High High Moderate Moderate Low -Moderate Low -Moderate Low Low Low High High High Moderate Moderate -Moderate Low -Moderate Low -Low High -Moderate Low -Moderate Moderate Moderate Moderate Moderate Pinal County Community Wildfire Protection Plan 8 June 2018 Section I. Introduction Community Fire Department/District 2007 CARs WUI Risk a 2009 CWPP WUI Risk b 2009 CARs WUI Risk 2018 CWPP WUI Risk d Gila River Indian Community _St. John -Moderate -Fire Department Stanfield Stanfield Fire District Low -Moderate Superior Superior Fire Department High -Moderate Thunderbird Farms Thunderbird Fire District Low -- Top of the World None High High Moderate Moderate Note:CARS = communities—a-risk; CWPP = Community Wildfire Protection Plan; WUI = wildland-urban interface Differences in CWPP Risk Rating and CAR Rating may be attributed to WUI delineation differences and/or risk determination a 2007 Communities at Risk list, ADFFM b 2009 Pinal County CWPP C2009 Communities at Risk list, ADFFM d Differences in CWPP WUI Risk Rating and CAR WUI Rating may be attributed to WUI delineation differences and/ or risk analysis processes The Core Team has determined the need to reanalyze the wildland fire risk to the Pinal County communities using current data and methodologies. Evaluating risk with current techniques is consistent with recent state and federal agencies' approaches to analyzing wildland fire risk across Arizona. The at -risk communities within Pinal County are adjacent to state and federal lands, including public lands administered by the Arizona State Land Department (ASLD), BLM, TNF, and CNF. These communities are consistent with the ADFFM definition of an intermix or interface community provided below: The Intermix Community exists where structures are scattered throughout a wildland area. There is no clear line of demarcation; wildland fuels are continuous outside of and within the developed area. The developed density within the intermixed community ranges from structures very close together to one structure per forty acres. Local fire departments and/or districts normally provide life and property fire protection and may also have wildland fire protection responsibilities. The Interface Community exists where structures directly abut wildland fuels. There is a clear line of demarcation between wildland fuels and residential, business, and public structures. Wildland fuels do not generally continue into the developed area. The development density for an interface community is usually three or more structures per acre, with shared municipal services. Fire protection is generally provided by a local fire department with the responsibility to protect the structure from both an interior fire and an advancing wildland fire. (ADFFM 2007:1) In addition to a community's listing status, the current condition of the wildland fuels within and adjacent to at -risk communities significantly contributes to the possibility of a catastrophic wildfire capable of damaging or destroying community values, such as houses, infrastructure, governmental sites, prehistoric and historic sites, and wildlife habitats. This Pinal County CWPP will be revised where Pinal County Community Wildfire Protection Plan 9 June 2018 Section I. Introduction necessary to enhance the protection of community values and to minimize the potential loss of property, while ensuring that public and firefighter safety during a catastrophic wildfire remains the overriding priority recommendation of this Pinal County CWPP. During the revised Pinal County CWPP planning process, the Core Team identified the community WUls in accordance with the National Wildfire Coordinating Group's Glossary of Wild/and Fire Terminology (NWCG 2012), which defines the WUI as the "line, area, or zone where structures and other human development meet or intermingle with undeveloped wildland or vegetative fuels." The definition(s) of an interface community as defined within HFRA Sec.101.1 have also been reviewed as part of the 2018 Pinal County CWPPP revision and include the following: 1.a group of homes and other structures with basic infrastructure and services (such as utilities and collectively maintained transportations routes) within or adjacent to Federal land 2.in which conditions are conducive to large-scale wildland fire disturbance event 3.for which a significant threat to human life or property exists as a result of a wildland fire disturbance event The Core Team also identified structures in accordance with the ADDFM definition of a structure: For the purposed of applying these categories and the subsequent criteria for evaluating risk to communities, a structure is understood to be either a residence or a business facility, including Federal, State and local government facilities. Structures do not include small improvements such as fences and wildlife watering devices. (ADFFM 2007:1) The Pinal County CWPP process of delineating WUI boundaries for at -risk communities involved collaboration among local, state, and federal government representatives, as well as interested individuals within the communities. The Core Team reviewed the HFRA for the definition of a WUI: "areas adjacent to an evacuation route for an at -risk community that the Secretary determines, in cooperation with the at -risk community, requires hazardous fuel reduction to provide safer evacuation from the at -risk community" (HFRA, Section101.1.16.B.iii.). After review of HFRA and discussion with federal, state, and local wildland fire and resource specialists, the Core Team determined that the WUI boundaries for at -risk communities in the Pinal County CWPP analysis area have not significantly changed since 2009; however some areas with increased development were added into the WUI boundary. The Core Team believes that the Pinal County CWPP community WUI boundaries are the minimum areas needed to provide protection for each community and its surrounding community values. The WUI identified in this 2018 Pinal County CWPP includes a total of 2,002,277 acres composed of a mix of private, county, state, tribal trust, and federal lands; the updated WUI is slightly larger than the 2009 WUI (by approximately 16,200 acres) due to increases in developed areas where development has increased, the inclusion of the Gila River riparian corridor between Kearny and Florence, as well as modifications to the 2009 WUI boundary to be more consistent with land ownership boundaries. The WUI lands surrounding the communities are, or could be, subject to extraordinary weather events or conditions conducive to large-scale wildland fire that could threaten human life and properties. Pinal County Community Wildfire Protection Plan 10 June 2018 Section I. Introduction General elements used in creating the WUI boundaries for the 2018 Pinal County CWPP at -risk communities include the following: •Vegetative fuel hazards, local topography, and fire behavior models •Historical fire occurrence •Community development characteristics •Firefighting preparedness and response capabilities •Infrastructure C.Desired Future Condition and Wildfire Mitigation in the WUI The desired future conditions of lands identified in this 2018 Pinal County CWPP update have not significantly changed since 2009: •Maintenance of, or return to, wildland fire resiliency status and the maintenance of, or return to, the vegetation component of the historical plant potential community across Pinal County. •Consistency with desired future conditions of public lands related to wildfire protection, watershed, rangeland restoration and protection of community values and restoration of native vegetation to historical wildfire return intervals. •Public education and land treatment projects in the Pinal County CWPP area, coupled with current efforts of local governments, fire departments and districts, TNF, CNF, and BLM, will create a better -informed constituency capable of protecting at -risk communities through restoration and vegetative fuels mitigation efforts within the WUI. The desired future conditions of federal lands include improved public and firefighter safety from wildland fire, wildland fire used as a management tool to achieve resource objectives, hazardous wildland fuels managed within and adjacent to the WUI, adaptive wildland fire response and suppression provided, and public lands returned to fire -resilient ecosystems through reintroduction of fire into fire -adapted ecosystems where practicable. Once these conditions are achieved, natural processes such as fire can be incorporated into long-term management practices to sustain habitat health. Current federal fire guidelines state that "initial action on human -caused wildfire will be to suppress the fire at the lowest costs with the fewest negative consequences with respect to firefighter and public safety" (USDA and USDI 2009:7). However, "a wildland fire may be concurrently managed for one or more objectives and objectives can change as the fire spreads across the landscape. Fire management objectives are affected by changes in fuels, weather, topography, varying social understanding and tolerance; and involvement of other government jurisdictions having different missions and objectives" (USDA and USDI 2009:7). The BLM, CNF, and TNF adhere to federal policy when managing all unplanned wildfire ignitions on public lands within the WUI. Federal policy for reducing wildfires on BLM and USFS public lands is planned and administered locally through the BLM's Lower Sonoran, Safford, and Tucson Field Offices and the CNF's Santa Catalina and TNF's Globe and Mesa Districts. Under the proposed action described in the Approved Arizona Statewide Land Use Plan Amendment for Fire, Fuels, and Air Quality Management and Decision Record (BLM 2004a), BLM-administered public lands are assigned one of two land use allocations for fire management: Allocation 1 includes areas suitable for wildland fire use for resource -management Pinal County Community Wildfire Protection Plan 11 June 2018 Section I. Introduction benefit, and Allocation 2 includes areas not suitable for wildland fire use for resource benefit. With the exception of a small amount of desert shrub vegetation associations within the WUI, most of the WUI is classified as Allocation 2 lands. The desired future condition of private lands in the community WUls is either to be in conformance with the National Firewise Communities program' (Firewise) and the Fire Adapted Communities program 2 or to meet home -ignition -zone landscaping or fire -safe landscaping recommended by the Pinal County CWPP fire departments and districts in compliance with local ordinances to establish fire -adapted communities. The Fire Adapted Communities program is a national effort to prepare fire -prone communities for the effects of wildland fire. Firewise is a national program that helps communities and individual homeowners reduce wildfire risks and provides them with information about protecting themselves against catastrophic wildfires and mitigating losses from such fires. Within Arizona, the State Forester administers the Firewise certification program. The Core Team encourages homeowner associations to use their conditions, covenants, and restrictions (CC&Rs) to become a Firewise community or adopt fire -safe standards in consultation with their local fire department. Fire departments and districts and local governments in Pinal County would like to make this information available to their citizens and to encourage its application. Residential and other structures that comply with Firewise standards significantly reduce fire -ignition risks in a community, as well as the potential for fires to spread to surrounding habitats. Additionally, structures that comply with Firewise recommendations are more likely to survive wildland fires that do spread into a community (Cohen 2008). Pinal County recognizes the importance of a community and regional approach to wildfire preparedness and supports creating fire -adapted communities. The Core Team is aware that wildland fuel accumulations primarily associated with the invasion of woody species,native and nonnative grasses,and decades of fire suppression, together with community growth in the WUI, have produced areas at risk for catastrophic wildfire. Additionally, areas of dense invasive species, such as tamarisk within river corridors with the associated migratory introduction of the tamarisk beetle, can lead to an increase in the amount of standing dead biomass within riparian habitats, which will greatly increase wildland fire risk over time and will need to be monitored. At this time there are no known tamarisk beetle monitoring plans in place. The Core Team aspires to achieve restored, self-sustaining, biologically diverse habitats of mixed open space and developed areas that contribute to a high quality of life within Pinal County. The Core Team recognizes that protection from catastrophic wildland fire requires collaboration and implementation through all levels of government and through an informed and motivated public. Ecosystem restoration and maintenance of fire -resilient ecosystems through reintroduction of fire into fire -adapted ecosystems, community protection, and public and firefighter safety were evaluated during the CWPP revision process. I Refer to https://www.nfpa.org/Public-Education/By-topic/Wildfire/Firewise-USA 2 Refer to https://fireadapted.oreZ Pinal County Community Wildfire Protection Plan 12 June 2018 Section I. Introduction Financial commitments required to reduce the risk of catastrophic wildfire can be extensive for local, county, state, and federal governments; for fire districts; and for the small rural communities surrounded by public lands (Ingalsbee 2010, 2014). Since the creation of the 2009 Pinal County CWPP, Pinal County, local municipalities and BLM, CNF, and TNF have implemented wildland fuel mitigation projects within or near the Pinal County community WU1s. Fire departments and districts have improved wildland fire suppression response and have continued with active public education and outreach programs concerning wildland fire threat and home -ignition -zone recommendations. Pinal County fire departments and districts have standing mutual -aid agreements to enhance initial and sustained wildland response. Pinal County fire departments and districts maintain wildland fire response teams supported by various engines and support equipment and various other specialized response vehicles. Wildland fire response teams are composed of personnel with various levels of wildland firefighting training, including red -carded firefighters. Specially -trained wildland fire response teams have not only provided suppression response to brush fires but also community awareness programs and structural- fire risk assessments.Additionally, the fire departments and districts have taken proactive measures to encourage willing property owners to reduce fire risk on private property (HFRA, Section 103.d.2.B). The Core Team are proposing additional wildland fuel treatments and wildland fire suppression enhancements; they have been proactive in pursuing funding for wildland fire public outreach programs and fire -suppression training and equipment, and will continue these activities in order to meet the goals and objectives of this 2018 Pinal County CWPP. D.Goals for the 2018 Pinal County CWPP The goals established in the 2009 Pinal County CWPP consisted of the following eight primary goals: 1.Improve fire prevention and suppression, emphasizing firefighter and public safety 2.Reduce hazardous fuels, emphasizing public and private property protection 3.Restore forest, rangeland, and riparian health 4.Promote community involvement and provide for community protection 5.Recommend measures to reduce structural ignitability in the WUI 6.Encourage economic development in the communities from vegetative treatments 7.Promote development of wildfire emergency evacuation and communication plans 8.Integrate use of the CWPP with surrounding community and agency fire management plans The 2009 Pinal County CWPP met all criteria of HFRA and was developed through a coordinated and collaborative performance -based framework of recommendations designed to meet its outlined goals. The Core Team is recommending additional goals to be considered for this 2018 Pinal County CWPP to reduce the risks to life and property from catastrophic wildland fire by: •Encouraging high -risk communities to become fire -adapted communities •Reducing potential economic loss to communities from unwanted wildland fire Pinal County Community Wildfire Protection Plan 13 June 2018 Section I. Introduction •Working with elected officials to develop opportunities for enhance funding through national, state, and local sources for implementing the action recommendations of this Pinal County CWPP Action recommendations for at -risk areas within the Final County WUI boundaries have been reviewed and updated where needed as part of this planning process. Treatments for wildland vegetative fuels and additional wildland fire mitigation measures are recommended to be implemented in specific time frames and with associated monitoring to determine and document measurable outcomes. Successful implementation of this Pinal County CWPP will require collaboration between fire departments and districts, governments, resource -management agencies, and private landowners in developing processes and systems that allow for implementation of recommended actions of this Final County CWPP in order to comply with applicable local, state, and federal environmental regulations. The Core Team encourages all agencies, groups, and individuals involved to develop additional formal agreements as necessary to work toward this Pinal County CWPP's timely implementation, monitoring, and reporting. The Core Team and CWPP planning process was reinitiated to meet collaborative requirements of HFRA and to report on achievements since adoption of the 2009 Final County CWPP; to determine current wildfire risk assessment using up-to-date information and techniques; to be supportive of and complementary to current local, state, and federal land management direction; and to represent all Pinal County communities and their interests, with all parties being involved in and supportive of the implementation of this 2018 Pinal County CWPP. Pinal County Community Wildfire Protection Plan 14 June 2018 Section II. Community Assessment and Analysis II.PINAL COUNTY CWPP COMMUNITY ASSESSMENT AND ANALYSIS During the review and revision of the 2009 Pinal County CWPP (hereafter, this Pinal County CWPP), the Core Team determined that the community wildfire risk analysis would involve assessment of the following: •Wild/and Fire Threat—the probability and/or intensity of an area burning •Wildfire Effects—the community values at risk from wildfire •Wildfire Risk—the potential for catastrophic wildland fire occurring adjacent to or within areas of high community values within the WUI This risk analysis was developed to closely tie to the Arizona Wildfire Risk Assessment Portal3 (AZWRAP).This Pinal County CWPP incorporates the current fire regime condition class (FRCC), wildfire fuel hazards, risk of ignition, local preparedness and protection capabilities, and at -risk community values. As part of the revision process, the ADFFM's Identifying Arizona's Wild/and/Urban Interface Communities at Risk: A Guide for State and Federal Land Managers (ADFFM 2007) was referenced to confirm that the Pinal County CWPP update was compatible with and complementary to statewide CWPP planning efforts. This Pinal County CWPP includes all risk factors required by the Arizona State Forester in the analysis and revision of this CWPP. The areas of concern for wildland fuel hazards, risk of ignition and wildfire occurrence, local preparedness and protection capabilities, and loss of community values were evaluated to determine areas of highest wildfire risk. A.Analysis Area The 2009 Pinal County CWPP Core Team identified specific WUI boundaries based on proximity to population centers and with respect to known values at risk. The WUI boundary in the 2009 Pinal County CWPP covered 1,986,077 acres (57.7 percent of the total Pinal County area), with 21 sub-WUI areas (refer to Figure 2.1). The sub-WUls are communities within the overall WUI boundary that have been targeted for more in-depth discussion due to their underlying factors considered during the cumulative risk analysis: housing/structure density, vegetation associations, and ignition history. The Pinal County CWPP analysis area is the revised WUI, which includes communities within Pinal County that total approximately 2,002,277 at -risk acres. The 2018 WUI is slightly larger than the 1,986,077 at -risk acres of WUI identified in the 2009 Pinal County CWPP due to increases in developed areas, the inclusion of the Gila River riparian corridor between Kearny and Florence, as well as modifications to the WUI boundary to be more consistent with land ownership boundaries (refer to Figure 2.2). During the revision of this Pinal County CWPP, the Core Team identified 2,002,277 acres of land considered at risk of wildland fire that were included in the revised WUI (refer to Table 2.1 and Figure 2.2). 3 Refer to httros://azsfaz.gov/fire/prevention/az-wrap Pinal County Community Wildfire Protection Plan 15 June 2018 Section II. Community Assessment and Analysis This Page Intentionally Left Blank Pinal County Community Wildfire Protection Plan 16 June 2018 Key SuMWUI 222 Twine OwneyetdP 0 Indian fiesemaiion Natkonal Forest Stock Part Newnal WIMile Refuge 'Bureau of Lend Mann IBM Bureau of Reclamation 1=5 National Park Service 0 Corps of Engineer Withdrawal 0 County Lmwi CI Parham _J Game end Fs Tr IEM Pdrks and Recratmon I "-inmate Land 01 Stow MAI Land Figure 2.1. Pine! County CWPP Sub-WUls IrM iI5 .111 Pima County Section II. Cornmuruly Assessment and Analysis " AREAS ' ,,CommunItyirilldflre,FiotectIon ,. •'Gila County Pine! County Community Wildfire Protecton Plan June 2018 17 This Page Intentionally Left Blank. Pinot County Community VVilefire Protection Plan June 2018 Section II. Community Assessment and Anolyos Section II. Community Assessment and Analysis C:11Midiand Urban Inmitaits VI Towns Ownership t=1 Indian Reservation ▪ N81911181 FOIMI =I Mate Park IMO National Mande Refuge Burma+ of Land kicant. ▪ Buresu of Reclamation (MI)1=3 National Park Sanaa = Carps of Engineer Withdrewel County Land r=3 Madan/ ...1:1Gerne end Flan STD Other OM Parka and Recreation (IPI/V191.Land Slate Titer Lana Nil.. Figure 2.2. Pinal County WUI Analysis Area Land Ownership 9. I -'''''NlilDLANthUREIAN;INTERFACE AREA —. •;20:18MInal,County :•.1A/11•Ifi ,Dea.ba.adrknn.D 1 e.i.w;P:72PinSiari&dila.,..t ViajOiffaa '-cue County,• PrZart144111W11.•":-- •g a t t e a n n o r „ silo*• 6 .RW11E/A Final County Conununrly Wildfire Protection Plan Juno 2018 19 Secton II. Community Auessment ond Analysis This Page Intenfionally Left Blank. Pined County Communny Wthtfiro Protocton Plan June 2018 20 Section II.Community Assessment and Analysis Primary landownership in the Pinal County CWPP analysis area is a mosaic of privately owned lands; Arizona State Trust lands managed by ASLD, BLM, CNF, TNF, tribal trust lands, and other lands (refer to Table 2.1). Table 2.1. Land Management within the WUI Ownership Type Total Acres % of Total* Private 810,438 40.5 Arizona State Trust 605,971 30.3 Gila River Indian Reservation 276,650 13.8 Bureau of Land Management 174,057 8.7 Tonto National Forest 52,275 2.6 Bureau of Reclamation 22,259 1.1 Ak-Chin Indian Reservation 21,452 1.1 Tohono O'odham Indian Reservation 11,169 0.6 Military Reservation 6,776 0.3 Coronado National Forest 6,055 0.3 Other 15,174 0.8 Total 2,002,277 100 Note: WUI =wildland-urban interface. *Actual total may not add to 100% because of rounding. Private land within the WUI composes 810,438 acres, or roughly 40.5 percent, of the WUI. Private lands are mostly clustered near the developed communities, with some scattered private inholdings located throughout the WUI. The municipalities of Florence, Coolidge, Apache Junction, Queen Creek, Eloy, Superior, Casa Grande, Mammoth, Maricopa, and Kearny and the communities of Queen Valley, Dudleyville, Stanfield, Picacho, Thunderbird Ranch, Oracle Junction/Saddlebrook, and Oracle contain the majority of private land acreage within the WUI. Commercial structures are clustered along state and federal highways within community centers, and it is assumed these existing areas will remain the principal commercial corridors within the Pinal County at -risk communities. State Trust lands were established in 1912 under the terms of the Arizona Enabling Act. With statehood, Arizona was granted ownership of four sections per township. ASLD manages State Trust lands to produce revenue for the Arizona State Trust beneficiaries, including the state's school system. Within the Pinal County WUI, 605,971 acres (30.3 percent) of State Trust lands are managed primarily for recreation, natural resource protection, and livestock grazing. Of the federal lands within the WUI, BLM, TNF, Bureau of Reclamation, and CNF lands compose 254,646 acres, or approximately 12.7 percent, of the WUI. These federal lands provide extensive and popular hiking, hunting, and recreational access within or adjacent to the WUI. Pinal County Community Wildfire Protection Plan 21 June 2018 Section II. Community Assessment and Analysis B.Fire Management Units (FMUs) 1.BLM Gila District The majority of federally managed public lands within the Pinal County CWPP analysis area are administered by BLM. In accordance with the Approved Arizona Statewide Land Use Plan Amendment for Fire, Fuels, and Air Quality Management and Decision Record (BLM 2004a and BLM 2004b) and the 2013 Arizona BLM Gila District Fire Management Plan, BLM-administered public lands are assigned to one of two land use allocations for fire management. Allocation 1 lands include areas where fire is desired and there are few or no constraints for its use. Wildland fire may be used to achieve resource objectives, such as improved watershed or wildlife habitat. Where fuel loading is high and conditions are not initially suitable for wildland fire, fuel loads may be reduced by mechanical, chemical, or biological means to acceptable levels and to meet resource objectives. Allocation 2 lands include areas where mitigation and suppression are required to prevent direct threats to life or property. It also includes areas where fire never played a large role in ecosystem management and where unplanned ignitions would have negative effects on resources. In these areas, BLM will implement programs to reduce unwanted ignitions and emphasize prevention, detection, and rapid suppression. In addition to both land use allocations, BLM will undertake education, enforcement, and administrative fire -prevention measures to reduce human -caused fire. Two BLM Fire Management Units (FMUs) are located within the CWPP WUI area and include the northwest portion of FMU 2 — Muleshoe -Black Hills — Peloncillo Mountains and FMU 5 — Altar Valley- Ironwood -Middle Gila which is located in the central and eastern portions of WUI. FMU 2 is bordered by the San Carlos Apache tribal lands and the Apache-Sitgreaves National Forest to the north; the Arizona -New Mexico state border to the east; 1-10 to the south; and State Route 77 (SR 77) to the west. Lower elevations are characterized by desert shrubs, trees, and cacti. Deep, upland sites have overstories of mesquite and palo verde with understories of perennial and annual grasses and forbs. This area also supports saguaro cactus as well as a wide variety of Opuntia species (cholla and prickly pear species) and other cacti on the upland and hill slopes. The upper elevations in this FMU (>3,000 feet) can be characterized as open grasslands dominated by tobosa, vine mesquite, and bottlebrush squirreltail. This area is a mixture of transition from Upper Sonoran Desert to Interior Chaparral and as such it is not uncommon to see species like saguaro and juniper together on steep southern exposures. Recommended objectives and strategies associated with communities include identifying hazardous fuel reduction projects, public and firefighter safety issues, and partnering opportunities with local Firewise groups (BLM 2013). FMU 5 is bordered by the TNF and San Carlos Apache Tribal Lands to the north; SR 77 along the northeast; 1-19 along the southeast; the Arizona -Mexico International boundary to the south; the Tohono O'odham Tribal Lands to the west; and private and Arizona State Trust land to the northwest. The BLM-administered lands are not contiguous; they are located from the north end of the Altar Valley, north of Tucson to just north of the Gila River east to Kearny and Dudleyville. These lands are interspersed primarily with ASLD-managed lands as well as with numerous privately -owned land Pinal County Community Wildfire Protection Plan 22 June 2018 Section II. Community Assessment and Analysis parcels. The Dripping Springs area is located in the northern portion of the FMU and contains the Needle's Eye and White Canyon Wilderness Areas. Vegetation from the Ironwood National Monument to the Dripping Springs area, including the Needle's Eye and White Canyon Wilderness Areas, is dominated by desert shrubs, trees, and cacti. The eastern portion of the Dripping Springs area is characterized as a well -developed interior chaparral zone where nearly continuous stands of low evergreen shrubs occur on specific hillsides. Recommended objectives and strategies associated with communities in this area include identifying hazardous fuel reduction projects, public and firefighter safety issues, and partnering opportunities with local Firewise groups. This can be accomplished by completing CWPPs with all federal, state, county, city, private, and local partners; implementing recommended actions within completed CWPPs or agency equivalent prevention and mitigation plans; and coordinating and collaborating with CWPP partners during hazardous fuels modification and treatment implementation (BLM 2013). 2.USFS National forest lands within the Pinal County CWPP analysis area fall under either Ecosystem Management Areas (EMAs) within the CNF or FMUs within the TNF. Coronado National Forest — Santa Catalina Ranger District The Santa Catalina EMA is located in the southeastern portion of the WUI adjacent the community of Oracle and Oracle State Park. The Santa Catalina EMA within the CNF Santa Catalina Ranger District is a 265,142 -acre EMA that wraps around the northern and eastern sides of the Tucson basin. Elevations range from 2,200 feet at the valley edges to 9,200 feet on Mount Lemmon. The EMA is includes the Santa Catalina Mountains. The east -west leg of the EMA that outlines the Santa Catalina Mountains is termed the front -range, and includes Pusch Ridge, Finger Rock, Cathedral Peak, and other peaks lying along the eastward extension of Pusch Ridge. The front -range is dissected from the main part of the mountain mass by Sabino Basin and Romero Pass. The northwest and northeast borders of the EMA include Samaniego and Oracle Ridges, which form the apex of the triangular- shaped Santa Catalina Mountain range. Many of the steep, rocky canyons contain intermittent streams, which drain into the San Pedro and Santa Cruz Rivers (USFS 2013). Management objectives within the Santa Catalina EMA as stated in the CNF Spatial Fire Management Plan include the following: Forestwide Strategic Objectives: •All human -caused fires shall be suppressed using appropriate suppression response strategies. •The appropriate management response for each natural ignition will vary across the Forest but will include the full spectrum of options, from aggressive initial attack to management to achieve resource objectives. Forest -wide Management Requirements: •Firefighter and public safety shall be the first priority in all fire management activities. Pinal County Community Wildfire Protection Plan 23 June 2018 Section II. Community Assessment and Analysis •Cooperate with other Federal, state and local regulatory agencies to protect air quality as required by the Clean Air Act. •Wildland fire suppression responses shall minimize costs of suppression, resource impacts, and risks to life and property. •For all management areas, management of lightning -caused fires should be considered to restore fire's natural role in maintaining a healthy, diverse, and resilient ecosystem resistant to natural disturbances. Tonto National Forest — Mesa and Globe Ranger Districts FMU 1 consists of the Sonoran Desert and is represented by National Fire Danger Rating System (NFDRS) Fuel Model T. Areas that have burned at a high intensity have been converted from Sonoran Desert to desert grasslands composed of nonnative grasses. Fire intensities from the nonnative species have compounded the problem. The two species that classify this FMU are the saguaro cactus and the palo verde tree. Wildfire will be managed consistent with resource objectives. Capital investments within these areas will be protected from fire. Actions taken will be consistent with the Appropriate Management Response (AMR) for this area. The AMR is any specific action suitable to meet fire management objectives within a given management area. Wildfires, or portions of wildfires, that adversely affect forest resources, endanger public safety, or have a potential to damage private lands will be suppressed. Suppression efforts will be accomplished with minimal ground disturbance and least cost suppression methods will be initiated when possible (that is, using existing natural or human -made features as control lines). FMU 4 consists of pinyon pine, juniper, and chaparral and is represented by NFDRS Fuel Model B. Much of this FMU contains a thick overstory and shrubby understory. Many of the chaparral stands contain old, decadent components. In areas where the pinyon pines and junipers are less dense, there is often a dense layer of herbaceous vegetation. Wildfires will be managed consistent with resource objectives. Wildland fire not meeting management objectives will receive an AMR. Fire management objectives for this area include providing a mosaic of age classes within the total type, which will provide for a mix of successional stages, and allowing fire to resume its natural ecological role within ecosystems. Wildfires, or portions of wildfires, will be suppressed when they adversely affect forest resources, endanger public safety, or have a potential to damage significant capital investments. FMU 5 consists of the Superstition Wilderness areas on the TNF and is represented mostly by NFDRS Fuel Models B and T and partly by Fuel Model U. This FMU contains fuel characteristics that are found in all the other FMUs, at all elevations, and contains much of the TNF's various vegetation types. Wildfires occurring within this FMU will receive an AMR and be managed consistent with wilderness resource objectives. Wildfires may be allowed to burn, to function in their natural ecological role, and to reduce unnatural fuel hazards as identified in the Forest Service Manual and approved Wilderness Implementation Plan. Pinal County Community Wildfire Protection Plan 24 June 2018 Section II. Community Assessment and Analysis FMU 6 consists of national forest lands adjacent to private lands with developments and most infrastructure sites on national forest lands. This land is defined by a 0.5 -mile buffer on each side of a structure or private boundary. Wildfires occurring within this FMU will be immediately suppressed at the smallest acreage possible. Both mechanical treatment and prescribed fire will be used to reduce potential wildfire intensity. Management Prescriptions identified as part of Amendment 25 to the 1985 Tonto National Forest Plan (USFS 2007) include the following: •All Wildland Fire occurring within the Sonoran Desert and riparian communities will receive an AMR. Suppression strategy is to minimize damage within this ecosystem. •All reported wildland fires will receive a strategic fire size -up. Wildland fires meeting locally developed operating guidelines listed below may be managed for resource benefit. o Fire cause is from a natural ignition. o Fire does not threaten life, property, public and firefighter safety. o Fire does not threaten fire sensitive cultural resources. o ADEQ, Air Quality Division procedures and guidelines for consultation and management of smoke will be implemented. o Wildland Fire managed for resource benefit must meet Tonto, Regional, and National fire situation parameters. o No site specific resource objective is threatened. •For each wildland fire located in an FMU approved for wildland fire use and naturally ignited, a decision criteria checklist will be prepared to determine whether or not it should be declared a Wildland Fire use candidate. If approved, a Wildland Fire Implementation Plan (WFIP) will be prepared that identifies specific resource concerns. •Designated Wildland Fires managed for resource benefit will be monitored according to established guidelines. •Wildland Fire suppression actions using accepted fire management tactics will be taken if any of the above parameters are not met. Suppression of fires, or portions thereof, will be undertaken where they adversely affect forest resources, endanger public safety and/or have a potential to damage private lands. C.Fire Regime and Condition Class Before European settlement of North America, fire played a natural (historical) role in many of the vegetated landscapes in Pinal County. Five historical fire regimes have been identified; these regimes are based on the average number of years between fires (fire frequency) combined with the severity of fire (amount of overstory replacement) on the dominant overstory vegetation (FRCC Interagency Working Group 2005a, 2010) (refer to Table 2.2). Pinal County Community Wildfire Protection Plan 25 June 2018 Section II.Community Assessment and Analysis Table 2.2. Fire Regime Information Frequency Severity ° Regime I 0-35 years Low Regime II 0-35 years High Regime III 35-100 years Low Regime IV 35-100 years High Regime V 200+ years High Source:Schmidt et al. 2002. aLow = less than 75% of the dominant overstory vegetation replaced; High = greater than 75% of the dominant overstory vegetation replaced (stand replacement). The vegetation condition class (VCC) of wildland habitats describes the degree to which the current fire regime has been altered from its historical range, the risk of losing key ecosystem components, and the vegetative attribute changes from historical conditions. There are three VCCs, which are classified according to degree of departure from the historical fire regime: low departure (VCC 1), moderate departure (VCC 2), and high departure (VCC 3). Vegetation condition class is calculated based on changes to vegetation composition, structural stage, and canopy closure using methods described in the Interagency Fire Regime Condition Class Guidebook (FRCC Interagency Working Group 2005b). LAN DFIRE VCC is based on departure of current vegetation conditions from reference vegetation conditions only, whereas the Fire Regime Guidebook approach includes departure of current fire regimes from those of the reference period. Data obtained from LANDFIRE.gov (simulates historical vegetation reference conditions using the Vegetation Dynamics Development Tool, which is a vegetation and disturbance dynamics model. A current vegetation condition is then derived from a classification of existing vegetation type, cover, and height and is current to the vegetative land cover that existed on the landscape in 2014. The following descriptions of fire regime condition classes are provided by the National Interagency Fire Center (NIFC): Condition Class 1: Fire regimes are within the natural (historical) range of variability of vegetation characteristics; fuel composition; fire frequency, severity and pattern; and other associated disturbances. Fire behavior, effects, and other associated disturbances are similar to those that occurred prior to fire exclusion (suppression) and other types of management that do not mimic the natural fire regime and associated vegetation and fuel characteristics. Composition and structure of vegetation and fuels are similar to the natural (historical) regime. The risk of loss of key ecosystem components (e.g. native species, large trees, and soil) is low. Pinal County Community Wildfire Protection Plan 26 June 2018 Section II.Community Assessment and Analysis Condition Class 2: Fire regimes show moderate departure from the natural (historical) regime of vegetation characteristics; fuel composition; fire frequency, severity and pattern; and other associated disturbances. Fire behavior, effects, and other associated disturbances are moderately departed (more or less severe). Composition and structure of vegetation and fuel are moderately altered. Uncharacteristic conditions range from low to moderate. The risk of loss of key ecosystem components is moderate. Condition Class 3: Fire regimes show high departure from the natural (historical) regime of vegetation characteristics; fuel composition; fire frequency, severity and pattern; and other associated disturbances. Fire behavior, effects, and other associated disturbances are highly departed (more or less severe). Composition and structure of vegetation and fuel are highly altered. Uncharacteristic conditions range from moderate to high. The risk of loss of key ecosystem components is high. (NIFC 2003) According to the LANDFIRE VCC data, the Pinal County WUI includes 255,798 acres of land classified as urban, water, sparsely vegetated and barren landscapes (approximately 12.8 percent of WUI acres) and 351,660 acres of agricultural land (approximately 19.3 percent of WUI acres) (LANDFIRE 2018). Table 2.3 details the acreage of WUI areas that fall into the different VCC classes. Almost 70 percent of WUI acres are not considered to be within the natural range of variation of historical wildland fire regimes. Table 2.3. Vegetation Condition Classes within the Pinal County WUI Vegetation Condition Class Acreage (%) VCC I VCC II VCC III 872,632 (43.6) 499,165 (24.9) 23,023 (1.1) Source:LANDFIRE 2018. Because VCC categories are based on coarse -scale data that are intended to support national level planning, any interpolation of national data for localized conditions may not be valid (FRCC Interagency Working Group 2005b). They also may not be valid due to invasive perennial and annual grasses, exotic forbs, and woody -species encroachment in native habitats, which alters local fire regimes. Therefore, local agencies are asked to provide data for localized vegetative conditions that reflect an accurate, current FRCC USFS 2000). The amount of land disturbance causing the growth of flammable annuals (e.g., pigweed, Asian mustard, and thistles) and invasive grasses (e.g., buffelgrass) in affected WUI areas can rapidly alter the potential of a vegetation association to support unwanted wildland fire. In addition, increasing woody -species invasions, especially saltcedar/ tamarisk within the riparian corridors, indicate that the perennial and ephemeral riparian, upland, and desert grassland habitats no Pinal County Community Wildfire Protection Plan 27 June 2018 Section II. Community Assessment and Analysis longer conform to components of VCC 1 lands. Invasive nonnative plants have severe ecological impacts on vegetative structure (Arizona Wildlands Invasive Plant Working Group 2005). Therefore, local conditions indicate that the majority of wildland habitats within the VVUI actually fall within VCC 2 and VCC 3 (Photograph 2.1). Photograph 2.1. VCC 3- Saltcedar/ tamarisk -invaded riparian habitat The desired future condition of federal land within the Pinal County CWPP analysis area is to return to or maintain wildland within VCC 1, as described in Fire Regime and Condition Class (FRCC) Interagency Handbook Reference Conditions: Open park -like savanna grassland, or woodland, or shrub structures maintained by frequent surface or mixed severity fires... Surface fires typically burn through the understory removing fire -intolerant species and small -size classes and removing less than 25 percent of the upper layer, thus maintaining an open single -layer overstory of relatively large trees... Mosaic fires create a mosaic of different -age, posffire grassland, savannah woodlands, or open shrub patches by leaving greater than 25 percent of the upper layer (generally less than 40 hectares [100 acres]). Interval[s] can range up to 50 [years] in systems with high temporal variability. (FRCC Interagency Working Group 2005a) Desired future conditions for Great Basin Pinyon -Juniper Woodland, Lower Sonoran Desert Scrub, Montane Conifer Forest, and Riparian habitats, as described in the Approved Arizona Statewide Land Use Plan Amendment for Fire, Fuels, and Air Quality Management and Decision Record,are as follows: Great Basin Pinyon -Juniper Woodland habitat: Annual weeds such as cheatgrass are controlled, ladder fuels and downed woody debris are limited or not present, and juniper and pition pine tree densities and cover occur at their historic range of variation. Pinal County Community Wildfire Protection Plan 28 June 2018 Section II. Community Assessment and Analysis Lower Sonoran Desert Scrub habitat: An adequate cover of and mix of natural plant species that have good vigor. Wildland fire would control or reduce the exotic annual weeds such as red brome and to limit woody vegetation to nonhazardous levels. Montane Conifer Forest habitat: Dog -hair thickets are controlled, ladder fuels and downed woody debris are limited or not present, a high percentage of large trees are maintained, and tree stand vigor is maintained through controlled fire and mechanical treatments. Riparian habitat: Annual weed cover and density is controlled and ladder fuels and downed woody debris are limited or not present. Disturbances that can potentially reduce natural vegetation cover and vigor are managed to maintain cover and mix of native riparian plant species. (BLM 2004a: 2— 3) D.Fire Threat The arrangement of vegetative fuel, relative flammability, and potential of vegetation to support wildland fire varies throughout the WUI. Wildland fuel hazards depend on a specific composition, type, arrangement, or condition of vegetation such that if the fuel were ignited, an at -risk community or its infrastructure would be threatened. Existing data obtained through LANDFIRE.gov was used to determine the existing land cover and fire behavior models for the Pinal County WUI. Vegetation associations within the WUI were identified and mapped using the LANDFIRE.gov Existing Vegetation Type data layer, which represents the species composition present at a given site up to the year 2010 (LANDFIRE 2018). The LANDFIRE data sets use the 40 Scott and Burgan Fire Behavior Fuel Model (FBFM40) layer to represent distinct distributions of fuel loading found among surface fuel components (live and dead), size classes, and fuel types (LANDFIRE 2018). These data sets were used to digitize vegetative landcover types (refer to Figure 2.3) and display the distribution and abundance of vegetation associations and associated fire behavior models over the Pinal County WUI (refer to Figure 2.4a). The Core Team used the FlamMap fire mapping and analysis system (Finney 2006; Stratton 2006) to depict potential fire behavior for constant environmental conditions (weather and fuel moisture), which produces an estimate of flame height as a surrogate for prediction of fire intensity over the landscape (refer to Figure 2.4a). Further, as a result of the 2005 fire season and its remarkable increase in number of fires and acres burned, the Core Team wanted to analyze what a similar scenario might look like if it occurred again in the future. The increase in fire was a result of a particular wet year leading to an increase in light grass and shrub fuels. To model this, two fuel models were altered (GR1 to GR2 and GS1 to GS2) to account for an increase in light fuels when analyzing the wildland fire threat (refer to Figure 2.4b). These data sets provide the level of landscape description and vegetative landcover detail necessary for aligning wildland fuel flammability with existing vegetation. Each vegetation association consists of various fuel properties that can produce differing wildfire Pinal County Community Wildfire Protection Plan 29 June 2018 Section II. Community Assessment and Analysis behavior based on environmental condition. These properties are then assigned to distinguishable fuel models. The normalized vegetative data and associated range of assigned fuel models for predicting wildfire behavior for each vegetation association is shown in Table 2.4. The predicted flame length from the FlamMap fire map model as well as the characteristic rate of spread were used to determine the high, moderate, or low wildland fire risk to communities (refer to Table 2.5). The relationship of surface -fire flame length to suppression actions is the basis for assigning wildland fire risk. Wildland fire with flame lengths less than 4 feet can generally be attacked at the head of the fire using hand tools. Fuel models with a predicted flame length of fewer than 4 feet are assigned low risk. Flame lengths from 4 to 8 feet are too intense for direct attack and equipment such as fire trucks, and aircraft may be needed for suppression and control. Fuel models with a predicted flame length of 4 to 10 feet are assigned moderate risk. Flame lengths over 10 feet present serious control problems, including crown fires with fire spotting from fire brands, and major fire runs are possible. Fuel models with a predicted flame length of over 11 feet are assigned high risk (Heinsch and Andrews 2010). Rate of spread is defined the relative movement of a fire in a horizontal dimension. Rate of spread is a fire behavior output that is influenced by three environmental factors; fuels, weather, and topography. It is an indicator of how quickly a fire is spreading or moving horizontally and is expressed in feet -per -minute (AZWRAP 2017). Rate of spread thresholds associated with the West Wide Risk Analysis as part of AZVVRAP have been applied. Flame length and rate of spread characteristics were combined and applied to both normal and extraordinary rainfall years (refer to Figures 2.4a and 2.4b) to represent fire behavior characteristics associated with vegetation and potential environmental factors within the WUI. Table 2.6 lists the predicted flame height, rate of spread and associated wildfire risk rating. The Arizona State Forester has established the following guidelines for evaluating risk: Evaluate Risk to Communities:Not all structures and/or communities that reside in an "interface" area are at significant risk from wildland fire. It is a combination of factors, including the composition and density of vegetative fuels, extreme weather conditions, topography, density of structures, and response capability that determines the relative risk to an interface community. The criteria listed below are intended to assist interagency teams at the state level in identifying the communities within their jurisdiction that are at significant risk from wildland fire. The application of these risk factors should allow for greater nationwide consistency in determining the need and priorities for Federal projects and funding. (ADFFM 2007:1) Pinal County Community Wildfire Protection Plan 30 June 2018 Section II. Community Assessment and Analysis Risk Factor 1: Fire Behavior Potential in the WUI can be classified under Situations 1, 2, and 3, as described by the Arizona State Forester below: Situation 1:In these communities, continuous fuels are in close proximity to structures. The composition of surrounding fuels is conducive to crown fires or high intensity surface fires. Likely conditions include steep slopes, predominantly south aspects, dense fuels, heavy duff, prevailing wind exposure and/or ladder fuels that reduce firefighting effectiveness. There is a history of large fire and/or high fire occurrence. Situation 2:In these communities, intermittent fuels are in proximity to structures. Likely conditions include moderate slopes and/or rolling terrain, broken moderate fuels, and some ladder fuels. The composition of surrounding fuels is conducive to torching, spotting, and/or moderate intensity surface fires. These conditions may lead to moderate firefighting effectiveness. There is a history of some large fires and/or moderate fire occurrence. Situation 3:In these communities, fine and/or sparse fuels surround structures. There is infrequent wind exposure and flat terrain to gently rolling terrain. The composition of surrounding fuels is conducive to low intensity surface fires. Firefighting generally is highly effective. There is no large fire history and/or low fire occurrence. (ADFFM 2007:1-2) The Pinal County WUI includes five major vegetative fuel types composed of 21 ecological system vegetation communities (including agricultural lands), two mostly nonvegetated associations, and six developed land covers (LANDFIRE 2018). Each vegetative community is assigned to specific fuel models that predict the rate of spread, flame length, and fire intensity levels possible for each vegetation association during an average fire season under average weather conditions (refer to Table 2.5). The average historical fire return interval is highly variable among vegetation associations across the WUI. Habitat -replacement wildfires or wildfires resulting in a major loss of habitat components, in conjunction with drought, may increase fire frequency and intensity in woodland and forest habitats because of lower live fuel moisture in heavy wildland fuels (FRCC Interagency Working Group 2005a). Wet years that create abundant fine fuels such as grass and brush followed by drought years have in the past led to years with many large fires over fairly wide areas (Swetnam and Baisan 1996). Climate change may compound this and make fire behavior more intense and fire seasons longer (Stephens et al. 2013; Karl 2009; McDonald 2009). Wildfire behavior as predicted by fuel models are influenced by topographic features such as slope and aspect. Slope affects both the rate of spread and flame length, becoming greater as slope increases because the flame is tilted over the unburned fuel allowing it to ignite more quickly (Rothermel 1983). Aspect affects fire behavior by the amount of solar radiation creating the driest fuel moistures on slopes that face the afternoon sun, which would be the south and southwest aspects in the northern Pinal County Community Wildfire Protection Plan 31 June 2018 Section II.Community Assessment and Analysis hemisphere. Additionally, during the summer months wind direction is primarily from the south-southeast during pre -monsoonal months. A southerly aspect will increase fire behavior by producing a greater effective wind speed if it is blowing up a slope rather than down it because the wind and slope are in alignment (Scott 2012). Table 2.4. Pinal County WUI Fuel Types and Vegetation Associations Fuel Type Vegetation Association Total Acres (%)a Shrublands Big Sagebrush Shrubland and Steppe b 578 (<0.1) Blackbrush Shrubland °52 (<0.1) Chaparral 49,608 (2.5) Creosotebush Desert Scrub 273,833 (13.8) Deciduous Shrubland 23 (<0.1) Desert Scrub 852,691 (42.6) Introduced Riparian Vegetation 41 (<0.1) Salt Desert Scrub 15,416 (0.8) Grasslands Grassland 3,038 (0.2) Grassland and Steppe 12,799 (0.6) Introduced Annual Grassland 10,399 (0.5) Introduced Annual and Biennial Forbland 28,254 (1.4) Introduced Perennial Grassland and Forbland 450 (<0.1) Woodlands Conifer -Oak Forest and Woodland 36 (<0.1) Juniper Woodland and Savanna 2,771 (0.1) Juniper -Oak 12,352 (0.6) Mesquite Woodland and Scrub 63,536 (3.2) Pinyon -Juniper Woodland 34,541 (1.7) Ponderosa Pine Forest, Woodland and Savanna 9 (<0.1) Western Riparian Woodland and Shrubland 47,121 (2.4) Non -vegetated / Sparsely Vegetated Lands Barren 4,303 (0.2) Developed -High Intensity 805 (<0.1) Developed -Medium Intensity 3,305 (0.2) Developed -Low Intensity 17,715 (0.9) Developed -Roads 81,610 (4.1) Developed -Upland 78,966 (3.9) Open Water 3,161 (0.2) Sparse Vegetation 7,844 (0.4) Quarries -Strip Mines -Gravel Pits 10,818 (0.5) Agricultural lands Agriculture 386,200 (19.3) Total 2,002,277(100) Source:LANDFIRE 2018 Note: WUI =wildland-urban interface. a Actual percentages may not add to 100% because of rounding. b May or may not physically occur in analysis area, due to computer classification of vegetation data. Pinal County Community Wildfire Protection Plan 32 June 2018 Section II. Community Assessment and Metros - y =Manna Drew Interface (WM - Aaricuttural MN Sarno Big Sagebrush Shrublano and" Stapp° Blackbrush Shrubland = Chaparral - Cornier -Oak Forest and- Woodland = Creosolebush Desen Scrub O Deciduous Shrubland I= Down Scrub O Developed -High Intensity - Dovelopod-Low IntanSitY Dawloped-Madlurn Intensity 1=1Davelopod-Roads = Developed-Uptand 1=1 Grassland O Grassland and Steppe I= Introduced Annual = introduced Annual and Brannial Foreland Introduced Perennial Grassland end Foreland NE Introduced Riparian Vegetation MI Jumper Woodland and Savanna Juniper -Oak EL Mesqurto Woodland and Scrub O Open Nista, 1.111Prnyon-Juniper Woodland = PonderoseaPnIneF,d.n.reS1,Woodland d s. NMI Ouarries-Strip Mines -Gravel Pas •san Desert Saul) ;SP.. Vegetation cio Western Riparian Woodland end Figure 2.3. Final County C1NPP Vegetation Associations Final County Cominunn VVildfire Protection Plan June 2018 33 Secoon II. Community Assessment and Analysis This Page Intentionally Len Blank Pine' County Community Wildfire Proteceon Plan 34 June 2018 =Wieland Urban Wait KZ.1 irah-Riak Floarian Candor Flame Length 52E2 Low (0- ..0 Feet) L moths.. (ci - 7.9 Feel) =fits (8.0 - 400.8 Feel) Lidos 11 '..,oil10--It, -•o 4.7;-;,..iii-;;Tis--iiir • ----- '. --- -. -..,,,,,__ a........=.....".10 KW!,ee. 14:0 101.1/ , 10% 79.eil l.e•Weetly;los \ , Figure 2.4a. Final County CWPP Wildland Fire Threat — Normal Rainfall Years Seceon II. Cornmenny Assesereent one Anelyas • -VILD-L-A1'.1.4 •r/••‘•• ftf2,"'tornirkilllY Gla,Cound, ;Ftr9tectI911,4 Final County Community Wddfire Protecton Plan June 2018 35 SectIon II, Community Assessment ond Analysis This Page Intentionally Len Blank Peal County Community Wildfire Protection Flan 36 June 2018 1=11Aikllana Urban Interface (MD) [0:0111911-Rlak Riparian Candor Flame Length 19.II Law (0 • 4.0 Ram) tacatiarate (4.1 -7.9 Feat) High (8.0 - 400 8 Feel) Figure 2.4b. Pin& County CWPP VVildland Fire Threat — Extraordinary Rainfall Years Secton II. Communtly Assessment and Analysis V140141itiRk0„IREilTHREAT.,', '!EictraordlnarifillainfalLYeari,. 20113 netccilinty , c_bipiriOrglyAW1,10fIreARI:-otection,'Platy .Gila Cour*. Final County Cornmundy Wddfira Protacton Plan June 2018 37 Secbon II. Comrnanity Assessment and Analyen This Page Intentionally Lea Blank Final County Community Wildfire Protection Pion June 2018 38 Section II. Community Assessment and Analysis Table 2.5. Fuel Models, Fuel Descriptions, and Fire Behavior Models Fuel Model Fuel Description Rate of Spread Wildfire Risk Anderson Are -Danger Flame Length Flame Length In leer Fire Intensity Level from in feerrhow Isl.Ins/hour)Acre Rati ng'Fuel Model Rating Model.In feet Low Dead Fuel Moisture Fire Behavior Fuel Moder Low Dead Fuel moisture.TM. Shrub (SH)—Shrubs Cover et Least SO Percent of Me Site; Grass Sparse to nonexistent parse) SH1 Low shrub fuel load, fuelbed depth about 1 loot some grass may be present Spread rote very low: tame length nary low. 5142 Moderate fuel load (nigher than SH1), depth about 1 fool; no piate fuel present Spread rare low; flerne length low. 5143 Moderate loath humid climate nirrub, woody 6/111.109 and shrub litter; possible pine overstory depth 2-3 feet Spread rate low, flame length low. 5115 Heavy shrub load. depth 410 6 feet Spread rate very high; flame length very high. SH7 Very heavy shrub load, depth 4 to 6 feet Spread rate lower then 5(15, but flame length similar_ Spread rate high; flame length very high. 5-8 L and T 1-6 0.2-03 1 7-13210-2)338,321 (16.9) 1.5-5.0 1-3 0-1188 (0-18)54 (..0.11 03- 4,5 1-3 0-1254 (0-19)13<01) 4.0-25.0 2-8 0-16500(0-250)17.067(0.9) 4.0-25.0 2-6 13-11889 (0-180)27.000(I.3) Grasslands (GR)—Nearly Pure Grass anchor Farb Type GR I Gran is short, patchy, and possibly heavily grazed. Spread rata moderate, flame length low. 0962 Moderately coarse continuous grass, average depth about 1 foot Sprawl rate high; llama length moderate. 1.1 1,2 F and T 1 4 0.5-1.7 1.0-8.0 0-090(0-15)237.185(11.8) 0-7920(0-120)39.040(2.0) Grass -Shrub (GS)—Illattire of Grass and Shrub, up to about SO Percent Shrub Coverage (Grass -Shrub) G.St Shrubs we wow 11001 (ugh, low grass Iced.1.0-130 1-3 0-3990)0-60)73,383(3.7) Spread rate moderate flame length tow. 13S2 Shrubs are 1 to 3 feat high, moderate grass load. Spread Me high; flame length moderate •1,2 A (B)and T 1-11 15.-10_0 2-5 0->8608(0-I00)067,506(43.9) nmeer-uneerstory (TU)—Grass or Shrubs Mixed with Uttar from Forest Canopy (llmber-Understory) TU1 Fuelbed (Slew load of grave and/or shrub veal liner.1.0-4.0 1-3 0-990 (0-15)5,233 (0.3) Spread rote no flame length love 1U2 Fuelbed is moderate Idler load oath shrub 1.0-8.0 1-5 0-5.280(0-80)1100.11 component Spread rote, moderate, flame length low. •6-7 F and T 1 -It Plod County Community INildrue Protecton Plan June 2018 39 Secbon II. Community Assessment and Analms Fuel Model Fuel Description IMIthire Risk Anderson Fire -Danger Flame Length Flame Length In feet Rating.Fuel Model Rating ModW°In feet Low Dead Fuel Moisture Rate of Spread Fire Intensity Level from in feetlhour (chains/hour)Acre Fire Behavior Fuel Model`Low Dead Fuel Moisture°(%). Timber Utter (TL) --Dead and Down Weedy Fuel (Utter) beneath a Forest Canopy (Timber Utter) TL1 TL2 TL5 116 118 4-5 Bandy 4-26 Light to moderate load, fuels 1 to 2 inches deep.0.0-05 1 0-60(0-1)33)001) Spread rate very low, game length vent low. Loomed, compact. Spread rate very low. flame 0_3-10 1 0-132(0-2)1320 (<0.1) length very low. Moderate -load conifer litter. Spread rate vent low.0 1.4-1.3 0-198 (0-3)2,429 (0,1) flame length low. High -load conifer finer: light slash or mortality fuel.1-3 0 -1452 (0-22)791=01) Spread rate lovv. flame length low_ Moderate load broadleaf War. Spread rate 10-62 1-4 0-1650 (0-25)1.137(011 moderate, flame length moderate. Moderato Wad and compactness may include small 1.0-8.0 1-5 0-68(0-1)28)00.1) amount of herbaceous load. Spread rate moderate; flame length low. Nonbumable (NB)—Insulnclent WIldland Fuel to Carry %Midland Fire under Any Condition (Nonbumable) 861 Urban or suburban development insufficient Midland fuel to cony Midland fire. 0133 Agriculture/ field, maintained in nonbumable condition. NBB Open water. 0E10 Bare ground. 111,752 (5.6) 243.968(02.21 3,189 10.21 22.204(1.1) Total 2.002.277 000) Source: National Fire Danger Paling System (USFS 1E833: Burgan 1988). = leo, M a moderate; H =high; NA snot applicable. °National Fine Danger Rang System. 'Fire behavior fuel modefs we designed for Midland vegetation and do not accurately predict fire behaAor when structures are involved. Fire intensity level (FIL) is an expression of fire line intensity based on flame length (in fern FIL1 =0-2 leer FIL2 = 2,1-4 feel: FI13 = 4.1-6 feet; FIL4 6.1-8 feet: FI15 =0.1-12 feet FI16 12 feet 'Flame length predicted by FlomMap ILANDFIRE 20181. 1 Chain 066 feet • Actual percentages may not add to 100% because of rounding, Final County Community Wildfire Protection Plan 40 June 2018 Section II. Community Assessment and Analysis Table 2.6. Wildland Fire Threat Vegetation type and density Influence Predicted flame length greater than 8 feet High Predicted flame length of 4 to 8 feet Moderate Predicted flame length of less than 4 feet Low Rate of spread greater than 33 feet per minute High Rate of spread 11 to 32.9 feet per minute Moderate Rate of spread 0 to 10.9 feet per minute Low Source:Logan Simpson 2018. E.Conditions of Ignition and Past Fire Occurrence Past regional wildfire events are important to consider when determining the potential occurrence of unwanted wildland fire in any area of the WUI. Based on the combination of recurring dry conditions and a regional history of fires, it is expected that there will be wildland fire ignitions within the WUI that must be suppressed. The fire history of the Pinal County CWPP analysis area, including recent large wildfires that have occurred within or adjacent to the WUI, has been included in this analysis to determine the most likely areas for either natural or human -caused wildland fire ignition (refer to Figure 2.5). Table 2.7 details the high, moderate, and low positive -influence values assigned to fire -start incidents. These include concentrated areas of lightning strikes and human -caused ignitions with high -potential areas having the greatest number of fire starts per 1,000 acres. High, moderate, and low determinations are based on the same density and distribution matrices as identified in AZWRAP. Wildland fire ignition data were obtained from the Federal Wildland Fire Occurrence Internet Mapping Service web site and database (USDA and USDI 2017)and from the National Fire and Aviation Management Web Applications Data Warehouse (FAMWEB 2018).Data sets were combined with redundant ignitions counted as a single ignition. The data sets used are based on official fire occurrence data collected from five federal and state agencies that have been merged into one fire- history point layer. According to these data, 1,171 wildfire ignitions have been reported within the WUI from 2007 through 2016. Table 2.7. Ignition History and Wildfire Occurrence Wildfire Occurrence Value 0-2 fire ignitions/1000 acres 2-5 fire starts/1000 acres >5 fire starts/ 1000 acres Low Moderate High A growing body of evidence shows that the climate has changed substantially since the year 1900, that this change is accelerating, and that even greater change is likely to occur in the next 100 years (USDA 2012). Such climate change will alter natural ecosystems and affect their ability to provide Pinal County Community Wildfire Protection Plan 41 June 2018 Section II. Community Assessment and Analysis goods and services (USDA 2012). Additionally, post -wildfire conditions and fire management activities can create ideal opportunities for invasions by nonnative plants that undermine the benefits of fire management actions (Brooks and Lusk 2008; Brooks 2008). The areas with the greatest potential for fire ignition, either from natural or human (though unplanned) causes, are found within the northwestern portion of the WUI, including the Gila River Indian Community. Moderate fire occurrences are found in the northeastern portion of the WUI near community of Queen Valley and town of Superior, as well as the southwestern portion of the WUI near the city of Eloy, along the 1-10 and SR 87 corridors, and on the Tohono O'Odham Indian Community (refer to Figure 2.5). F.Wildfire Effects Valued at -risk community resources can often include private and community structures, communication facilities, local recreation areas, cultural and historic areas, sensitive wildlife habitat, watersheds, natural resources, and air quality. As agreed to by the Core Team, developed land and other infrastructure within the area of highest wildfire threat were given the highest influencing value of wildfire effects. In accordance with the risk to "Social, Cultural and Community Resources" (Risk Factor 2) identified by the ADFFM, the Core Team has determined that the Pinal County WUI does include areas consistent with Situations 1, 2, and 3, as follows: Situation 1:This situation most closely represents a community in an urban interface setting. The setting contains a high density of homes, businesses, and other facilities that continue across the interface. There is a lack of survivable space where personnel can safely work to provide protection. The community watershed for municipal water is at high risk of being burned to other watersheds within the geographic region. There is a high potential for economic loss to the community and likely loss of housing units and/or businesses. There are unique cultural, historical or natural heritage values at risk. Situation 2:This situation represents an intermix or occluded setting, with scattered areas of high -density homes, summer homes, youth camps, or campgrounds that are less than a mile apart. Efforts to create survivable space or otherwise improve the fire -resistance of a landscape are intermittent. This situation would cover the presence of lands at risk that are described under state designations such as impaired watersheds or scenic byways. There is a risk of erosion or flooding in the community of vegetation burns. Situation 3:This situation represents a generally occluded setting characterized by dispersed single homes and other structures that are more than a mile apart. This situation may also include areas where efforts to create a more fire-resistant landscape have been implemented on a large scale throughout a community or surrounding watershed. (ADFFM 2007:2) Pinal County Community Wildfire Protection Plan 42 June 2018 1=1001(17mil Urbon Meade. (WU() FO'A High -Rash Riparian Comdor •Ignition Location (7007,2016) hindlon Denstty lcso (4 2 reunions / 1000 Acres) ,Moderato (2 - 5 tendons / 1000 Acres) MI High (s 5 Ignitions (1000 Acres) Figure 2.5. Final County MI Ignition History e Secbon II. Community Assessment and Malys/a • .:,-,A;telphial,dotititit':•(i•q• .,:g...ummuniry•nriourire:rrouscuonxiar, • r ,COLMilr.1),1 - . • , 7 74- 4 r Pinar County Community Wildfire Protoction Plan 43 June 2018 Suchen II. Communny Asseument and Maly.. This Page Intentionally Left Blank. Paull County Community Wildfire ProtectIon Plan June 2018 44 Section II. Community Assessment and Analysis 1.Housing,Businesses,Essential Infrastructure,and Evacuation Routes High wildfire -effects areas, including major community cores and portions of major highways and roadways, were identified within the WUI. Residential community development is occurring throughout the WUI in a mix of high -density, single-family, and multi -acre parcels. The Core Team reviewed the most current structure data available for each land parcel within the WUI (Pinal County 2018) and analyzed structure distribution and density to determine areas of low, moderate, and high structural density. This data was then portioned into wildfire -effects categories according to the density of structures and presence of natural or developed landcover types. This includes: a.areas of highly developed lands that lack significant open space or natural land covers, b.moderately developed private lands where an intermingling of public and private lands occur, and c.where the major portion of the landscape is composed of natural landcover types, and lightly developed private lands where the majority of land cover is composed of natural land cover (refer to Photograph 2.2). Areas of highest development and areas lacking development are considered to have lower wildfire- effects; areas of moderate development where the majority of land cover is composed of natural land cover are considered to have high wildfire effects; and areas of light development are considered to have moderate wildfire effects (refer to Table 2.8). Photograph 2.2. 2017 Roach Fire in the area of Dudleyville, AZ During the 2009 Pinal County CWPP analysis process, the Core Team identified high -risk transportation corridors within the WUI including portions of 1-10 and 1-8, US Highway 60 (US 60), SR 77, SR 177, SR 79, SR 347, SR 238 and SR 87. These corridors continue to be vital routes and have been carried into this 2018 Pinal County CWPP as transportation corridors that will serve as Pinal County Community Wildfire Protection Plan 45 June 2018 Section II. Community Assessment and Analysis evacuation routes and resource distribution corridors during a wildland fire. Fuel modifications and treatments as appropriate along evacuation corridors will provide for safe evacuation, as well as emergency vehicle response during a catastrophic wildland fire in the WUI. 2.Recreation Areas/Natural Habitat Recreational features are located within and adjacent to the WUI throughout Pinal County, including recreational and camping areas associated with the San Tan Mountain Regional Park; Lost Dutchman, Oracle, and Picacho Peak State Parks; Boyce Thompson SW Arboretum; and designated camping and recreation areas within CNF, TNF, and BLM-managed public lands. These parks and recreational areas provide camping and scenic vistas of deep canyons, dry washes, sheer cliffs, distant mountain ranges, colorful soils and rock formations, and a mosaic of vegetation. The Pinal County CWPP analysis area includes three rivers: the San Pedro, the Santa Cruz, and the Gila. The San Pedro River flows north from the Mexican state of Sonora into Arizona to join the Gila River near Winkelman. The river is located in the southeastern portion of the county and enters Pinal County from Pima County. It is one of the last few large undammed rivers in the Southwest. The San Pedro River supports nearly two-thirds of the avian diversity in the United States; about 100 species of birds breed around the river, and an additional 250 species use the corridor for migration and winter range. The San Pedro River also provides habitat for 80 species of mammals. The Santa Cruz River has its headwaters in the high intermontane grasslands of the San Rafael Valley just north of the US -Mexican border. It flows southward into Mexico, turns westward, and reenters the United States just east of Nogales and continues northward past Tucson to the Santa Cruz Flats just south of Casa Grande and the Gila River. The river is located in the southern portion of the County and nearly parallels Interstate 10 (1-10) to its east as it enters Pinal County from Pima County. The Santa Cruz River is usually a dry riverbed throughout much of the year, unless the area receives significant rainfall. The Gila River is a tributary of the Colorado River. It begins in western New Mexico, flows southwest and westward into Arizona, emerges from the mountains into the valley southeast of Phoenix where it crosses the Gila River Indian Reservation as an intermittent stream, flows westward and southward past Gila Bend, and joins the Colorado River near Yuma, Arizona. The river spans the entire north half of the County from east to west, and forms parts of its boundary on the northwest with Maricopa County and northeast with Gila County. It is one of the largest desert rivers in the world and provides an important riparian corridor for a variety of animal species (refer to Photograph 2.3). The western portion of the Gila River is largely a dry river bed in part due to irrigation and municipal water uses, though it can carry massive volumes of water after rain storms. Pinal County Community Wildfire Protection Plan 46 June 2018 Section II. Community Assessment and Analysis Photograph 2.3. Gila River Riparian Corridor March 1, 2018 The WUI also includes known and potential habitat areas for several threatened, endangered, and sensitive (TES) plants and animals. Uplands within the WUI may provide habitat for the Sonoran desert tortoise (Gopherus morafkai),an Arizona Game and Fish Department (AGFD) species of concern. Riparian corridors contain suitable habitat for the federally -endangered southwestern willow flycatcher (Empidonax trail/ii extimus),as well as the yellow -billed cuckoo (Coccyzus americanus),which is listed as federally threatened. To mitigate risk to these species, the land management agencies use conservation strategies and implement programs that meet goals and objectives of natural resource management. Wildland fuel and vegetative restoration treatments within sensitive species habitat may require additional site -specific analysis regardless of land management status because of the extraordinary circumstances created by the presence of sensitive species or their habitats. Before any vegetation treatment by the BLM, TNF, or CNF, a biological assessment and evaluation will be conducted by the appropriate federal land management agencies wildlife biologist to determine the extent of impacts the treatments will have on TES species and habitats. Section 102.a.5.13 of HFRA identifies that site -specific evaluations of individual recommended projects will determine whether TES species and habitats would benefit from wildland fire mitigation treatments that would reduce wildland fuels, and thereby lessen the threat of catastrophic wildland fire, while protecting the natural resource and recreational values local residents and visitors associate with the communities. 3.Local Preparedness and Protection Capability The Insurance Services Office (ISO) conducts assessments and rates communities on the basis of available fire protection. The rating process grades each community's fire protection on a scale from 1 to 10 (1 is ideal and 10 is poor) based on the ISO's Fire Suppression Rating Schedule. Five factors make up the ISO fire rating: water supply, type and availability of equipment, personnel, ongoing training, and the community's alarm and paging system. Water supply—the most important factor— accounts for 40 percent of the total rating.Areas within the WUI that are not located within a fire district Pinal County Community Wildfire Protection Plan 47 June 2018 Section II. Community Assessment and Analysis are identified as having an ISO rating of 10. Municipalities or areas with urban development within the WUI and are within a fire department or district have ISO ratings ranging from 3 to 9. ISO ratings have been combined with structure density as an influencing factor in the overall risk analysis. ISO ratings will vary within fire departments and districts depending on housing densities and the distance of structures that are isolated (usually 5 miles or more) from a fire station. Local populations and structure density within the Pinal County WUI will determine the extent of initial attack; sustained responses; structural protection; and public safety protection, including potential evacuation of a community. The wildland and structural fire response within the WUI is provided by local fire departments and districts. The BLM, TNF, CNF, and local fire departments and districts provide support for initial wildland fire attack for areas within and adjacent to the Pinal County WUI. Initial -attack response from local fire departments and districts can occur under the authority of mutual -aid agreements between individual departments or under the intergovernmental agreements that individual fire departments and districts have with the ADFFM and adjacent fire departments and districts. Land use in the WUI consists primarily of residences, agriculture, livestock production, community businesses, and community -based services and facilities. Surrounding areas are dominated by Arizona State Trust lands; BLM, TNF, and CNF lands; and private properties. Land uses within or close to the WUI include recreational activities such as hiking, hunting, fishing, bird watching, nature study, photography, and off -highway -vehicle use. Section II.G of this CWPP provides more detailed community assessments. Table 2.8 identifies the different influence -factor weightings given to these community value components; these components were also mapped and are depicted in Figure 2.5. Note that when structure density reaches greater than 2.0 structures/acres, the wildland fire effects ratings are low. This is because the risk from house -to -house ignitions is greater at such densities, but the wildland fuel aspect is missing, and thus the effects strictly from wildland fire are lowered. Table 2.8. Wildland fire Effects Component Value > 2.0 structures/acre Low 0.2-2.0 structures/acre High 0.1-0.2 structure/acre Moderate 0 - 0.1 structure/acre Low ISO less than 8 Low ISO greater than 8 High Source:Logan Simpson 2018. Pinal County Community Wildfire Protection Plan 48 June 2018 Sesson IL Community Assessment an d An diysss =Midland Urbon !Modem (WM) A Hiarelilistr Ripon:an Corridor WIldlend flo. Efitteds N M Low (0 - 0.1 Ham Acerr0 :Madan/to (0 1 - 0 2 House Acre> I= Moe (0.2- 2.0 ilouses /Adze) E N Lae Pi 20 Houses (Acre) Figure 2.6. Pinal County C1NPP VVildiand Fire Effects Assessment Final County Communrty Wildfire ProtecOon Plan June 2018 49 This Page Intentionally Left Blank. Pmal County Community Wddfire Protecban Plan June 2018 Seceon Ii. Community Assessment and Analysis 50 Section II. Community Assessment and Analysis G.Summary of Community Assessment and Fire Risk Analysis The major concerns identified by the Core Team during the revision of this Pinal County CWPP include (1) delayed response time by available mutual -aid fire departments; (2) obtainment of additional firefighting equipment and training; (3) insufficient dispatch and communication capabilities on initial response units; (4) structures, subdivisions, and communities that do not have fire protection because they are not within the jurisdiction of a fire department or district: (5) and the spread of non-native invasive grasses that contribute to fuel loading within the WUI, including along roadways where firebreak effectiveness may be compromised. Additionally, many residences in the identified WUI were not designed with adequate general or emergency vehicle access. Private structures without adequate access and readily available water supplies increase the risk of greater habitat and structural losses from large wildland fires. Some fire departments and districts have developed an incident action plan for sections of the WUI, such as is disclosed in the Oracle Community Wildfire Protection Plan (Oracle Fire District 2008), but further assessments continue to be needed. Recommendations to landowners for wildfire risk mitigation are included in Section III of this CWPP. Additional recommendations for remote private lands include identifying properties by placing names or addresses on identification placards, road signs, and wells or surface -water sources that could be used to replenish water supplies for fire response equipment—both ground -based drafting and aerial bucketing. The sub-WUI communities within the WUI area are described below in more detail and shown in Figure 2.1 above. The community descriptions include data on population and housing units, major transportation routes, and major vegetation associations and a summary of where in the WUI the highest risk of wildland fire occurs. Population and housing data was obtained from the US Census Bureau 2016 American Community Survey (ACS) 5 -Year Estimates data (US Census 2016) unless noted otherwise. 1.Eastern Pinal County Sub-WUI Communities Apache Junction Sub-WUI The Pinal County CWPP analyses determined that 43 percent of the Apache Junction sub-WUI (Figure 2.6 above) is at moderate risk and that 55 percent is at low risk for wildland fire. Due to areas of high -low wildfire threat, low ignition history, and low to high wildfire effects, the overall wildland fire risk rating of the Apache Junction sub-WUI is low. Apache Junction is a rural community located within Pinal County along US 60 approximately 30 miles east of Phoenix. US 60 is the major transportation route for this community; SR 79 also serves as a transportation route for Apache Junction. The Superstition Fire & Medical District (formerly known as Apache Junction Fire District) encompasses 62 square miles and serves the city of Apache Junction and the unincorporated areas of Gold Canyon, Superstition Foothills, and the Goldfield Foothills area. The Apache Junction sub-WUI consists primarily of bedroom communities. According to 2016 ACS Pinal County Community Wildfire Protection Plan 51 June 2018 Section II. Community Assessment and Analysis data, the population of Apache Junction is 37,775 (18.7 percent increase from the 2000 Census data), with 22,204 housing units (a 2.5 percent decrease). Land ownership is primarily private, ASLD, and BLM. The Superstition Fire & Medical District has an ISO rating of 3. The fire district is bordered by the TNF as well as State Trust lands. These border areas are defined as WUI areas and are the focus of this Pinal County CWPP for this sub-WUI. The Superstition Fire & Medical District is divided into separate and distinct fire management zones (FMZs; refer to Figure 2.7) for response and deployment analysis and planning: •FMZ 1 encompasses the majority of the populated area within the city of Apache Junction. Fire Stations 261 and 263 provide primary response coverage for the city's inhabited 20 square miles. The population of FMZ 1 is estimated at 55,245 (Superstition Fire & Medical District 2009 and US Census 2016). •FMZ 2 comprises the Superstition Mountain Foothills area. Fire Station 262 provides primary response coverage for the area's 13 square miles. The population of FMZ 2 is estimated at 5,973 (Superstition Fire & Medical District 2009 and US Census 2016). •FMZ 3 covers 12 square miles of mostly vacant state trust land south of US 60. This FMZ receives service primarily from Fire Stations 263 and 262. The population of FMZ 3 is estimated at 0 (Superstition Fire & Medical District 2009 and US Census 2016). •FMZ 4 encompasses 13 square miles and includes the communities of Gold Canyon, Mountain Brook, Kings Ranch, Superstition Mountain and Peralta Trails and the surrounding areas. Fire Station 264 provides primary response coverage for the area. The population of FMZ 4 is estimated at 22,117 (Superstition Fire & Medical District 2009 and US Census 2016). •FMZ 5 encompasses the Goldfield Foothills area. This area, encompassing 4 square miles, receives service primarily from Fire Stations 261 and 263. The population of FMZ 5 is estimated at 3,107 (Superstition Fire & Medical District 2009 and US Census 2016). The areas at highest risk for wildland fires within the Apache Junction sub-WUI occur primarily along the slopes of the Superstition Mountains in the eastern portion of the sub-WUI and the Goldfield Mountains in the northern portion of the WUI. Vegetation associations within this sub-WUI range from desert scrub types on the desert floor to mixed desert shrub associations in the mountain foothills. During extraordinary rainfall years, changes in vegetation could result in higher wildland fire risk. Analysis of fire -start data from 2007 to 2016 indicates that the highest incidences of ignition occur within or adjacent to the sub-WUI either within or adjacent to the TNF lands along the northern and eastern portions of the sub-WUI, and along the US 60 corridor (Figures 2.2 through 2.5 above). Pinal County Community Wildfire Protection Plan 52 June 2018 Section II. Community Assessment and Analysis City or Mesa to the West '1•31111.1,N1111.11/11 FOIV.61 tel the North 606 605 64/4 603 602 601 607 1 0104 - 609 610 611 6,.0I5l; ir*44-t 621 'O%f 627ik-q i . 0- -•--"- 629 62/I • -'1.627 620 t''.-%'T 1 1 1 7. , = — 631 632 633 ,034' .•.70 648 616 4,47 1 641. 614 635 645 1 644 612 .613 624 625 I 0514 636 1 637 641 1 4.4 2 649 I 650_ I 651 652 I 651 I 654 1 655 Fire Nlitnaggement Zmies =I I I 2 I 1 3 4 L J 5 1 State 'I riot 1,and 1.• the Sooth slope ..........Mountain Wildernes, Area to the North/l-ast 659 6114 639 1 . _ —— c..0 . Plats by Fire Management Zones State I UNI Land 114.]Wit F 634 I Figure 2.7. Superstition Fire & Medical District Fire Management Zones Dudleyville Sub-WIJI The Pinal County CWPP analyses determined that approximately 86 percent of the Dudleyville sub-WUI (Figure 2.6 above) is at moderate risk for wildland fire. Due to an elevated threat of fire from within and adjacent to the riparian corridor, and limited access and wildland fire response, the overall wildland fire risk rating of the sub-WUI is moderate. Localized areas of high in the vicinity of Dudleyville can be attributed to housing density and high ISO rating. Dudleyville is located primarily within the riparian corridor of the San Pedro River adjacent to SR 77 between the communities of Mammoth and Kearny. The community of Dudleyville, listed as low risk in the Arizona -Identified Communities at Risk (ADFFM 2009), is located within the Dudleyville sub-WUI. According to 2016 ACS data, the population of Dudleyville is 352 (a 73.4 percent decrease from the 2000 Census data), with 307 housing units (a 46.3 percent decrease). Land ownership is primarily private, State Trust, and San Carlos Indian Reservation Land. The Dudleyville Fire District provides structural and wildland fire protection services to the community. The areas at highest risk for wildland fires within the Dudleyville sub-WUI are primarily along the San Pedro and Gila River riparian corridors and associated side channels and upland areas with ascending slope to the east and west of the river corridors. Additionally, areas of higher fire threat can be found within the riparian corridor where saltcedar-invaded riparian vegetation with heavy ground fuels is found within or adjacent to structures. In July 2017, the Roach Fire burned over 300 acres within the riparian corridor affecting nearby structures and residents. Developed lands occur on both sides of the riparian corridor, with few roads crossing the river channel. Firefighting response and community evacuation (when necessary) could be delayed due to limited access. Analysis of fire -start data from 2007 to 2016 indicates that the highest Pinal County Community Wildfire Protection Plan 53 June 2018 Section II. Community Assessment and Analysis incidences of ignition are within the riparian corridor to the northwest of the sub-WUI. Wildfire ignitions have been recorded on both sides of the riparian corridor (Figures 2.2 through 2.5 above). Galiuro Mountains Sub -Will The Pinal County CWPP analyses determined that 94 percent of the Galiuro Mountains sub-WUI (Figure 2.6 above) is at moderate risk for wildland fire. Due to areas of moderate to high threat, low ignition history, and overall low wildfire effects other than those associated with Aravaipa Canyon West which are moderate, the overall wildland fire risk rating of the Galiuro Mountains sub-WUI is moderate. The Galiuro Mountains Sub-WUI is located east of the San Pedro River corridor and includes private, mostly undeveloped lands, located on the west -facing foothills of the Galiuro Mountains. Aravaipa Canyon West is a community located within the Galiuro Mountains and has been a recognized Firewise community since 2014, investing over $57,000 towards reducing their wildland fire risk (NFPA 2018b). These private lands are not within a fire department or district, with no obligated structural fire protection is available to residents. Wildland fire responses would be provided by ADFFM, BLM, or USFS wildfire response resources. Analysis of fire -start data from 2007 to 2016 indicates that the highest incidences of ignition are within the upper elevations of the Galiuro Mountains in the easternmost portion of the WUI. Vegetation associations occurring in higher elevations create a high fire risk during normal fire seasons. In extraordinary rainfall years, production of light fuels from invasive grasses will produce areas of high risk on the lower foothills where woodland vegetation associations are associated with steep slopes and southerly exposures. Numerous xeroriparian areas traverse the sub-WUI from east to west, from the higher elevations of the Galiuro Mountains to the San Pedro River; this creates additional areas of potential elevated wildfire concern. Although areas of high and moderate wildland fire threat dominate large areas of this sub-WUI, wildfire mitigation should be focused on developed areas associated with Aravaipa Canyon (Figures 2.2 through 2.5 above). Golder Ranch Sub-WUI The Pinal County CWPP analyses determined that approximately 80 percent of the Golder Ranch sub-WUI (Figure 2.6 above) is at moderate risk and 19 percent is at low risk for wildland fire. Due to an overall wildfire threat, low ignition history, overall low to moderate wildfire effects, and proximity to high -threat wildland fuels and elevated areas of threat from several xeroriparian areas the overall wildland fire risk rating of the Golder Ranch sub-WUI is moderate. This sub-WUI includes the developed areas in the Golder Ranch Fire District within Pinal County including the Saddlebrook developments along SR 77, the Oracle Junction area, and developed parcels north along a segment of SR 79 northwest to the area above Three Buttes. Outside the Saddlebrook development, this sub-WUI is sparsely populated. However, areas of high risk occur along the Pinal-Pima county border and within the western portion of the sub-WUI toward the Tort°lita Mountains as well as throughout the WUI where desert shrub -scrub associations occur in conjunction with southerly exposed slopes. Additionally, there are several large and converging xeroriparian areas of elevated concern of wildland fire threat that occur within the WUI (Figures 2.2 through 2.5 above). Pinal County Community Wildfire Protection Plan 54 June 2018 Section II. Community Assessment and Analysis Kearny Sub-WUI The Pinal County CWPP analyses determined that approximately 83 percent of the Kearny sub-WUI (Figure 2.6 above) is at moderate risk for wildland fire. Due to an elevated threat of fire from within and adjacent to the riparian corridor, and limited access and wildland fire response, and an overall low ignition history the overall wildland fire risk rating of the sub-WUI is moderate. The Kearny sub-WUI includes the incorporated community of Kearny and areas along the Gila River riparian corridor south of the confluence of the Gila and San Pedro Rivers and north of the municipality along SR 177 to south of the town of Superior. The community of Kearny, listed as moderate risk in the Arizona -Identified Communities at Risk (ADFFM 2009), is located within the Kearny sub-WUI. Kearny is a rural community located along SR 177 and adjacent to the Gila River riparian corridor. SR 177 is the only major transportation route for this community; it connects to SR 77 to the southeast and US 60 to the northwest. According to 2016 ACS data, the population of the town of Kearny is 2,306 (a 2.5 percent increase from the 2000 Census data) with 897 housing units (3.0 percent increase). Land ownership within the sub-WUI is primarily private with BLM land in the northeast and southwest areas of the main developed areas of the community. ASLD owns land parcels along the Gila River riparian corridor and areas along SR 77 and SR 177. The areas at highest risk for wildland fires within the WUI occur along both sides of the Gila River riparian corridor in areas on ascending slope in conjunction with woodland vegetation associations. The Gila River riparian corridor, with associated side channels and drainages within and to the west of the Kearny sub-WUI, are also considered areas of elevated threat from wildland fire. Vegetation associations at highest risk for wildfire consist primarily of riparian, woodland, and mixed desert scrub. Analysis of fire -start data from 2007 to 2016 indicates that the highest incidences of ignition are within the riparian corridor (Figures 2.2 through 2.5 above). Mammoth Sub-WUI The Pinal County CWPP analyses determined that approximately 87 percent of the Mammoth sub-WUI (Figure 2.6 above) is at moderate risk for wildland fire. Due to an elevated threat of fire from within and adjacent to the riparian corridor, and limited access and wildland fire response, the overall wildland fire risk rating of the sub-WUI is moderate. Localized areas of high in the vicinity of Mammoth can be attributed to housing density and high ISO rating. The Mammoth sub-WUI includes the community of Mammoth and areas outside the Mammoth Fire District boundary along the San Pedro River riparian corridor, north of the Veterans Memorial Blvd intersection with SR 77, and north along SR 77 to just south of the confluence of the San Pedro River and Aravaipa Creek. Mammoth is a rural community located along SR 77 and adjacent to the San Pedro River riparian corridor. SR 77 is the only major transportation route for this community. According to 2016 ACS data, the population of the community of Mammoth is 1,553 (an 11.9 percent decrease from the 2000 Census data), with 646 housing units (a 4.9 percent decrease). Land ownership is primarily private and State Trust land, with small portions of BLM land near SR 77. The areas at highest risk for wildland fires within the WUI occur primarily along the San Pedro River riparian corridor and in upland areas with ascending slope to the east of the riparian corridor. The San Pedro River riparian Pinal County Community Wildfire Protection Plan 55 June 2018 Section II. Community Assessment and Analysis corridor, with associated side channels and drainages within the community of Mammoth, are considered areas of elevated threat from wildland fire. Vegetation associations at highest risk for wildfire consist primarily of riparian, woodland, and mixed desert scrub. Analysis of fire -start data from 2007 to 2016 indicate little to no ignitions within the Mammoth Sub-WUI (Figures 2.2 through 2.5 above). Oracle Sub-WUI The Pinal County CWPP analyses determined that approximately 57 percent of the Oracle sub-WUI (Figure 2.6 above) is at moderate risk and that 43 percent is at low risk for wildland fire. Due to areas of low to high wildfire threat, low ignition history, and low -high wildfire effects, the overall wildland fire risk rating of the Oracle Community WUI is moderate. The Oracle sub-WUI includes the unincorporated community of Oracle and areas outside the Oracle Fire District south to the CNF, east along SR 77 to the Mammoth/San Manuel sub-WUI boundary, and west to the Golder Ranch Sub-WUI. Oracle is a rural community located along SR 77 at an elevation of approximately 4,500 feet. The community of Oracle, listed as high risk in the Arizona -Identified Communities at Risk (ADFFM 2009), is located within the Oracle Sub-WUI. SR 77 is the only major transportation route for this community. According to 2016 ACS data, the population of the town of Oracle is 3,735 (a 4.8 percent increase from the 2000 Census data), with 1,907 housing units (a 21.4 percent increase). The Oracle Fire District covers 31 square miles and includes 106 fire hydrants that produce 400 to 1,250 gallons of water per minute. The Oracle Fire District provides structural and wildland fire response to over 1,500 structures. The fire district is staffed year-round on a daily basis by full-time, part-time, and volunteer firefighters and maintains mutual -aid agreements with neighboring fire departments and districts. The Oracle Fire District has an ISO rating of 7. The Oracle sub-WUI also includes Oracle State Park, a 4,000 -acre environmental education facility and park in the foothills of the Catalina Mountains. Public use of the state park in proximity to the community does increase risk of wildfire ignitions notification and evacuation of park visitors should be evaluated in the event of a wildfire within or surrounding the park. Since becoming a Firewise Site in 2005 and the development of the 2008 Oracle CWPP, the community has been active in public outreach, including participation in major community events, a newly established Firewise Web site, spring and fall newsletters mailed to all households, wildfire prevention workshops, on -site property evaluations, operation of a community brush -disposal site, and cooperation in vegetative fuel reduction projects with the Arizona Department of Corrections Wildland Crews and CNF personnel. The areas at highest risk for wildland fires within the Oracle sub-WUI occur primarily along the upland slopes of the Catalina Mountains in the southern portion of the WUI. Vegetation associations within the community include woodland and chaparral types that have a high potential to support and transport wildland fire. The southern and eastern portions of the sub-WUI with ascending slopes are at greatest wildfire risk. Additionally, these areas of high wildland fire threat, including the xeroriparian areas of Cottonwood Wash and Big Wash, which bisect SR 77;wildfires within this area of the sub-WUI could create concerns for wildfire response resources and community evacuation along SR 77. Analysis of Pinal County Community Wildfire Protection Plan 56 June 2018 Section II. Community Assessment and Analysis fire -start data from 2007 to 2016 indicates that the highest incidences of ignition occur within or adjacent to the sub-WUI either within or adjacent to the CNF (Figures 2.2 through 2.5 above). Queen Valley Sub-WUI The Pinal County CWPP analyses determined that approximately 92 percent of the Queen Valley sub-WUI (Figure 2.6 above) is at moderate risk for wildland fire. Due to an overall high wildfire threat, low to moderate ignition history, and overall low wildfire effects, with focused areas of high effects, the overall wildland fire risk rating of the WUI is moderate. Localized areas of high in the vicinity of Queen Valley can be attributed to high ignition history and high ISO rating. Queen Valley sub-WUI is located in Township 1 South, Range 10 East, Sections 34 and 35 of Pinal County and has areas at high risk from brush fires around homes with a high density of brush growth on adjacent hillsides. According to 2016 ACS data, the population of Queen Valley is 712 (a 13.2 percent decrease from the 2000 Census data), with 639 housing units (a 7.4 percent increase). Land ownership is primarily State Trust and private, with smaller portions of BLM land to the east and west. The Queen Valley Fire District has an ISO rating of 8. The Queen Valley Fire District has designated five high -risk wildland fire areas within the community: •Area 1 is about 0.25 mile long and is bounded by Queen Anne Drive to the east, East Victoria View to the south, Queen Valley Drive to the north, and North Charlotte Street to the west. This area has a westerly aspect and a 34 percent slope. The bottom of the slope is a xeroriparian area with heavy vegetative fuel loads and several undeveloped residential parcels with moderate to heavy fuels. Residences are located at the top of the slope, and vegetation overhangs some of the residential structures. •Area 2 is bounded by West Morris Drive to the north, West Sahuaro Drive to the south, South Pomeroy Road to the west, and Arizona State Trust lands to the east. Some lands in this area have a slope of over 60 percent with a northwest aspect. This slope has a moderate to heavy vegetative fuel growth and limited access, making hand -crew maintenance and wildfire suppression difficult; fire suppression would involve using large hand lines and smooth bore nozzles. Hydrants in the area have a capacity of 500 gallons per minute or less. Homes in this area have porches instead of yards. The initial attack plan consists of setting up a sprinkler system on the high -risk back porches to reduce stricter risk. All of the homes on West Sahuaro Drive are manufactured homes, most of them built in 1980. •Area 3 is a large area of federal land in the southeast quarter of Section 34 that is bounded by East Silver King Road to the north, West Kirk Drive to the south, North Sharon Drive to the east, and El Camino Viejo to the far west. Residences are located within the south, east, and northern portions of the area. Queen Creek Wash bisects the area and is mostly composed of heavy xeroriparian vegetative fuels. The initial attack consists of having the local water company open and clear the two -track road running from Sharon Drive north to Silver King Road and then starting back burning at the east end of this area. Pinal County Community Wildfire Protection Plan 57 June 2018 Section II. Community Assessment and Analysis •Area 4 is bound by North Victoria View to the north and North Charlotte Street to the west, including North Elizabeth Street. This alignment is located within a xeroriparian area with residences immediately adjacent. The area also includes a gradual 65 -foot elevation change on an east- and west -facing slope. Moderate to heavy fuels with a light base fuel in this area could act like a chute under certain winds, pushing the fire south through several structures and then toward Arizona State Trust land. •Area 5 is composed of North Cleopatra Street to the east, North Rita Avenue to the west, Queen Creek Drive to the north, and state trust lands to the south. The area includes a 64 -foot gradual elevation change on a west -facing slope, from Rita Avenue to Cleopatra Street. Winds from the southeast would push the fire through homes on North Cleopatra Street and toward state trust lands. The Queen Valley sub-WUI consist of a steadily rising elevation and areas of increasing slope from the lower elevations of Queen Valley to the foothills of the Superstition Mountains within the northern portion of the sub-WUI. Vegetation associations within this sub-WUI range from desert scrub types on the desert floor to mixed desert shrub and woodlands in the foothills of the Superstition Mountains. Analysis of fire start data from 2007 to 2016 indicated a hotspot of ignitions just to the east of Queen Valley along the Queen Creek corridor (Figures 2.2 through 2.5 above). San Manuel Sub-WUI The Pinal County CWPP analyses determined that approximately 90 percent of the San Manuel sub-WUI (Figure 2.6 above) is at moderate risk for wildland fire. Due to a low -moderate wildfire threat, low ignition history, and overall low wildfire effects, the overall wildland fire risk rating of the San Manuel sub-WUI is moderate. The San Manuel sub-VVUI includes the unincorporated community of San Manuel and areas outside the San Manuel Fire District north to SR 77, east of the San Pedro River corridor, south to the Pinal County boundary, and west to the Oracle Sub-WUI. San Manuel is a rural community located adjacent to the San Pedro River riparian corridor on Veterans Memorial Blvd south of the community of Mammoth. Veterans Memorial Blvd is the only major transportation route for this community; it connects to SR 77 northwest of San Manuel. According to 20016 ACS data, the population of the town of San Manuel is 3,725 (a 14.9 percent decrease from the 2000 Census data) with 1,635 housing units (a 10.8 percent decrease). Land ownership is almost entirely private with State Trust land beyond. The areas at highest risk for wildland fires within the WUI occur primarily along the San Pedro River riparian corridor and in upland areas with ascending slope to the east of the riparian corridor. Additionally, areas of high risk are located within the southwestern portion of the sub-WUI, within woodland vegetation associations occurring adjacent to the CNF, and within the area extending northeast of the CNF to SR 77. Fires in this area of the sub-WUI could create concerns for wildfire response resources and community evacuation along Veterans Memorial Blvd north to SR 77. In extreme wildfire conditions community evacuations may be directed south along Veterans Memorial Blvd toward the community of Cascabel and eventually to 1-10 at Benson. The San Pedro River riparian corridor, with associated side channels Pinal County Community Wildfire Protection Plan 58 June 2018 Section II. Community Assessment and Analysis and drainages within the San Manuel sub-WUI, are considered areas of elevated risk from wildland fire. Vegetation associations at highest risk for wildfire consist primarily of riparian, woodland, and mixed desert scrub. Analysis of fire -start data from 2007 to 2016 indicate little to no ignitions within the San Manuel Sub-WUI (Figures 2.2 through 2.5 above). Superior Sub-WUI The Pinal County CWPP analyses determined that approximately 76 percent of the Superior sub-WUI (Figure 2.6 above) is at moderate risk for wildland fire. There is an elevated risk from a density of developed areas in proximity to high threat wildland fuels and elevated areas of risk in the Queen Creek riparian corridor. Due to a generally moderate to high wildfire threat, generally low ignition history, and overall low fire effects, the overall wildland fire risk rating of the Superior sub-WUI is moderate. The town of Superior is located on SR 60 at the junction of SR 177 and was established initially as a silver and copper mining community. The Oak Flats campground and Boyce Thompson Southwestern Arboretum are significant attractions near the community. Superior has identified three historic districts. According to 2016 ACS data, the population of Superior is 2,895 (an 11.0 percent decrease from the 2000 Census data), with 1,459 housing units (a 0.7 percent decrease). Land ownership is primarily private, surrounded by TNF. The Superior Fire Department has an ISO rating of 3. Vegetative associations within this sub-WUI range from desert scrub types on the desert floor to mixed desert shrub associations in the mountain foothills. During extraordinary rainfall years, changes in vegetation could result in higher wildland fire risk. Analysis of fire -start data from 2007 to 2016 indicates that the highest incidences of ignition occur within or adjacent to the sub-WUI either within or adjacent to TNF lands along the northern portion of the sub-WUI (Figures 2.2 through 2.5 above). Top of the World Sub4UI The Pinal County CWPP analyses determined that approximately 93 percent of the Top of the World sub-WUI (Figure 2.6 above) is at moderate risk for wildland fire. Due to a moderate to high wildfire threat, low ignition history, and overall low wildfire effects, the overall wildland fire risk rating of the Top of the World sub-WUI is moderate. Localized areas of high in the vicinity of Top of the World can be attributed to housing density and high ISO rating. The Top of the World sub-WUI includes the unincorporated community of Top of the World and the Oak Flats area. Top of the World is a rural community located in northeast Pinal County along US 60. The community of Top of the World, listed as moderate risk within the Arizona -Identified Communities at Risk (ADFFM 2009). US 60 is the only major transportation route for this community. According to 2016 ACS data, the population of the community of Top of the World is 236 (a 28.5 percent decrease from the 2000 Census data), with 131 housing units (a 28.8 percent decrease). Land ownership is primarily private and TNF. Top of the world is not within a fire district and therefore has an ISO rating of 10. The Top of the World sub-WUI is composed, almost exclusively, of areas at high wildland fire risk. Highest risk for wildland fires within the Top of the World sub-WUI is a result of the combination of volatile vegetative associations occurring in conjunction with southerly exposures of increasing steep Pinal County Community Wildfire Protection Plan 59 June 2018 Section II. Community Assessment and Analysis slopes. During extraordinary rainfall years, changes in vegetation could result in higher wildland fire risk. Analysis of fire -start data from 2007 to 2016 indicates that the highest incidences of ignition occur within or adjacent to the sub-WUI either within or adjacent to the TNF lands along the northern and eastern portions of the sub-WUI (Figures 2.2 through 2.5 above). 2.Western WUI Communities Ak-Chin Indian Community Sub-WUI The Pinal County CWPP analyses determined that approximately 76 percent of the Ak-Chin sub-WUI (Figure 2.6 above) is at low risk for wildland fire. Due to areas of generally low wildfire threat, low ignition history, and overall low wildfire effects, the overall wildland fire risk rating of the Ak-Chin sub-WUI is low. The Ak-Chin Indian Community sub-WUI is restricted to tribal trust lands within the Pinal County CWPP analysis area. The Ak-Chin Indian Community comprises 21,452 acres approximately 30 miles south Phoenix. It is situated in the Santa Cruz Valley, a nearly flat landscape of deep sandy soils composed primarily of lower -elevation desert scrub -shrub vegetative communities. The community of Maricopa Colony, listed as low risk within the Arizona -Identified Communities at Risk in 2007, but not listed in 2009 (ADFFM 2007, 2009) is located within the Ak-Chin sub-WUI. Land use within the Ak-Chin sub-WUI is primarily agricultural. Additionally, the Ak-Chin Indian Community owns a 109 -acre industrial park, located at the southeast corner of the reservation, adjacent to the Maricopa-Casa Grande Highway and the Southern Pacific Railroad. Major transportation corridors for the community include SR 238, which intersects the community at the northeast corner, and SR 347, which bisects the community connecting 1-8 and 1-10. According to the 2016 ACS data, the population of the Ak-Chin Indian Community is 1,351 (an 82.1 percent increase from the 2000 Census data), with 403 total housing units (a 72.2 percent increase). Structural and wildland fire protection is provided by the Ak-Chin Fire Department. The Ak-Chin Fire Department has identified areas of elevated concern due to wildland vegetative fuels in proximity to residential and community structures. The vegetation of the sub-WUI is composed primarily of desert scrub -shrub vegetative communities. Creosotebush flats dominate the landscape and are not conducive to intensive wildland fire due to noncontiguous aerial or ground fuels. However, during extreme rainfall years the deep loamy soils can produce abundant light flues from invasive annual and perennial grasses. In extreme rainfall years significant ground fuels are produced within the identified areas of concern, creating isolated areas of high threat. Analysis of fire start data from 2007 to 2016 indicates greater numbers of ignitions in the northwest portion of the Ak-Chin sub-WUI (Figures 2.2 through 2.5 above). Avra Valley Sub-WUI The Pinal County CWPP analyses determined that approximately 57 percent of the Avra Valley sub-WUI (Figure 2.6 above) is at moderate risk and that 42 percent is at low risk for wildland fire. Due to areas of low to high wildfire threat, low ignition history, and overall low wildfire effects, the overall wildland fire risk rating of the Avra Valley Community sub-WUI is moderate. Pinal County Community Wildfire Protection Plan 60 June 2018 Section II.Community Assessment and Analysis This sub-WUI includes the communities and isolated private lands along the 1-10 corridor. These include the communities of Red Rock and Picacho and the Picacho Peak State Park, all of which are located within the lower Santa Cruz River Valley. According to 2016 ACS data, the population of Avra Valley is 5,606 (an 11.3 percent increase from the 2000 Census data), with 2,484 housing units (a 31.1 percent increase). Land ownership is primarily State Trust, private, and State Park land. The Avra Valley Fire District was formed in 1977 to ensure the safety to these communities. Fire stations within the fire district are staffed 24 hours with professional firefighters trained in both structural and wildfire response. The fire district encompasses over 265 square miles across Pinal and Pima Counties and serves nearly 10,000 residents within the combined counties. The Avra Valley Fire District has an ISO rating of 3. Areas of high risk from wildland fire occur on the southern and western portion of this sub-WUI in proximity to the foothills of the Sacaton Mountains, as well as the foothills area of Picacho Peak within and adjacent to the Picacho Peak State Park. During extreme rainfall years, increased production of fine fuels from invasive annual forbs (pigweed) and grasses (Mediterranean grass) as well as the continually increasing invasion of perennial grasses, such as buffelgrass, creates areas of high risk during spring/summer drought months in areas of increasing slope and southerly exposures. Analysis of fire starts from 2007 to 2016 indicate the greatest number of ignitions along the 1-10 corridor (Figures 2.2 through 2.5 above). Casa Grande Sub-WUI The Pinal County CWPP analyses determined that approximately 62 percent of the Casa Grande sub-WUI (Figure 2.6 above) is at low risk and that 31 percent is at moderate risk for wildland fire. Due to areas of generally low wildfire threat, generally low ignition history and varying wildfire effects, the overall wildland fire risk rating of the Casa Grande sub-WUI is low. The Casa Grande sub-WUI includes the incorporated city of Casa Grande and areas outside the fire department south to the 1-10/1-8 interchange, north along the 1-10 corridor to the crest of the Sacaton Mountains, and just west of the Greene and Santa Rosa Washes. The Union Pacific Railroad traverses the WUI north to south. There are several large xeroriparian areas, including Santa Rosa Wash, Greene Wash, and the Casa Grande Canal downstream of the Picacho Reservoir, within this sub-WUI that are considered areas of elevated wildland fire concern. This is a rural -to -urban community located along 1-10 between Tucson and Phoenix. 1-10 and SR 84 are major transportation routes for this city. Additionally, several state routes and local roads feed into and out of the city. According to 2016 ACS data, the population of Casa Grande is 51,571 (a 104.4 percent increase from the 2000 Census data), with 21,811 housing units (a 99.4 percent increase). The Casa Grande Fire Department has an ISO rating of 4. The majority of the Casa Grande sub-WUI is classified as low wildland fire risk. Analysis of fire starts from 2007 to 2016 indicates several ignitions, primarily along roadways and in populated areas. The relatively flat landscape composed of desert scrub -shrub vegetative communities that dominate the landscape is not conducive to intensive wildland fire due to noncontiguous aerial or ground fuels. However, during extreme rainfall years, abundant annual and invasive grasses can create areas of high risk within the foothills of the Sacaton and Casa Grande Mountains as well as within the major xeroriparian areas within the sub-WUI (Figures 2.2 through 2.5 above). Pinal County Community Wildfire Protection Plan 61 June 2018 Section II. Community Assessment and Analysis Coolidge Sub-WUI The Pinal County CVVPP analyses determined approximately 60 percent of the Coolidge sub-WUI is at low risk for wildland fire. Due to generally low wildfire threat, low ignition history, and localized wildfire effects, the overall wildland fire risk rating of the Coolidge sub-WUI is low. The Coolidge sub-WUI (Figure 2.6 above) includes the incorporated city of Coolidge and developed and agricultural lands surrounding the city. This is a rural city located along SR 87 and SR 287 east of Casa Grande. SR 87 and SR 287 are the major transportation routes for the city; SR 87 connects to 1-10 to the south at Eloy and connects to SR 587 (Arizona Avenue) northwest of Coolidge. Additionally, numerous local roads feed into and out of the city. The Union Pacific Railroad traverses the WUI north to south. The Coolidge Fire Department provides fire protection to 10,800 -plus residents and covers an area of 65 -plus square miles within this sub-WUI. The fire department currently responds from two stations and is staffed by a combination of fully and partially paid and firefighters. According to 2016 ACS data, the population of Coolidge is 12,073 (a 55.1 percent increase from the 2000 Census data), with 4,472 housing units (a 40.7 percent increase). The majority of open lands within the sub-WUI are privately -owned agricultural lands. Coolidge has been the center of Arizona's cotton industry, and agriculture remains a significant economic component of the city. The majority of the sub-WUI is classified as low risk of wildland fire. The relatively flat landscape composed of desert scrub -shrub vegetative communities that dominate the landscape is not conducive to intensive wildland fire due to noncontiguous aerial or ground fuels. However, during extreme rainfall years, abundant annual and invasive grasses can create areas of high risk within the southern foothills of the Sacaton Mountains in the northeastern portion of the WUI (Figures 2.2 through 2.5 above). Eloy Sub-WUI The Pinal County CWPP analyses determined that approximately 52 percent of the Eloy sub-WUI (Figure 2.6 above) is at moderate risk and that 45 percent is at low risk for wildland fire. Due to areas of generally low wildfire threat, low ignition history that is localized to major roadways and localized wildfire effects, the overall wildland fire risk rating of the Eloy sub-WUI is moderate. The Eloy WUI includes the incorporated city of Eloy and adjacent lands outside the fire district, including the communities of Arizona City and Toltec. Structural and wildland fire protection for these communities is from the Eloy and Arizona City Fire Districts. This sub-WUI is primarily composed of rural communities located along 1-10 and SR 87 south of Casa Grande and encompasses a low to moderate population density. 1-10 is the major transportation route for the communities; SR 87 provides access to the communities and connectivity to communities to the north. Additionally, numerous local roads feed into and out of the communities. The Union Pacific Railroad parallels SR 87 through the sub-WUI. According to 2016 ACS data, the population of Eloy is 17,128 (a 65.1 percent increase from the 2000 Census data), with 3,651 housing units (a 33.4 percent increase). Arizona City is a planned community at the midpoint of the Phoenix -Tucson 1-10 corridor. The area supports industrial, commercial, and residential developments. The community was established in 1960 and has not been incorporated. The community also includes a 48 -acre lake available for recreational boating and fishing. Pinal County Community Wildfire Protection Plan 62 June 2018 Section II. Community Assessment and Analysis The estimated population of the Arizona City area from the 2016 ACS data is 10,489, with 5,187 housing units. The Eloy sub-WUI is located within the Santa Cruz Flat, which is composed of desert scrub -shrub vegetative communities that dominate the landscape and that are not conducive to intensive wildland fire due to noncontiguous aerial or ground fuels. Analysis of fire start data from 2007 to 2016 indicates relatively high numbers of ignitions along the 1-10 and SR 87 roadway corridors, but few outside of those areas. The Eloy sub-WUI includes the area surrounding the, primarily private, developed and agricultural lands that include the community of La Palma, which is located between the municipalities of Coolidge and Eloy. This sub-WU1 also includes Picacho Reservoir and associated adjacent lands. Areas of highest wildfire risk are located on the eastern and southeastern portion of the area within the foothills of the Picacho Mountains, Picacho Peak State Park, and in the riparian habitats within the Picacho Reservoir and its associated canals and drainages (Figures 2.2 through 2.5 above). Florence Sub-WUI The Pinal County CWPP analyses determined that approximately 65 percent of the Florence sub-WUI (Figure 2.6 above) is at moderate risk and that 32 percent is at low risk for wildland fire. Due to areas of generally low wildfire threat, low ignition history and localized wildfire effects, the overall wildland fire risk rating of the Florence sub-WUI is moderate. The Florence sub-WU1 includes the municipality of Florence and surrounding primarily private, agricultural, and developed lands. The sub-WUI includes portions of the Gila River and Florence—Casa Grande Canal riparian corridors. Florence is the capital seat of Pinal County, located on SR 79 and SR 287 west of 1-10 approximately 61 miles southeast of Phoenix and 70 miles northwest of Tucson. The Florence sub-WU1 includes one of Arizona's state prison complexes as well as Florence Military Reservation an Arizona Army National Guard Training Site. According to 2016 ACS data, the population of Florence is 26,221 (a 53.8 percent increase from the 2000 Census data), with 7,639 housing units (a 137.5 percent increase). Land ownership is primarily private and State Trust land, with smaller portions of BLM land scattered throughout. The Florence sub-WUI is located within the relatively flat lowlands of the Gila River Valley, The vegetation of the sub-WUI ranges from desert scrub -shrub communities (primarily creosotebush flats), which dominate the landscape and are not conducive to intensive wildland fire due to noncontiguous aerial or ground fuels, to upland Sonoran desert shrub communities, which during extreme rainfall years can produce abundant light fuels from invasive annual and perennial grasses. In extreme rainfall years significant ground fuels are produced within the bajadas of the western slopes of the Tortilla Mountains and the ascending slopes north of the community to the Mineral Mountain and White Canyon Wilderness area, which create areas of high risk for wildland fire within southerly exposed steep slopes. Analysis of fire start data from 2007 to 2016 indicates the Florence sub-WUI does not have a history of a high number of wildland fire ignitions (Figures 2.2 through 2.5 above). Gila River Indian Community Sub-WUI The Pinal County CWPP analyses determined that approximately 82 percent of the Gila River Indian Community Sub-WU1 (Figure 2.6 above) is at moderate risk for wildland fire. Due to areas of generally Pinal County Community Wildfire Protection Plan 63 June 2018 Section II. Community Assessment and Analysis high wildfire threat, moderate to high ignition history, and generally low wildfire effects, the overall wildland fire risk rating of the Gila River Indian Community Sub-WUI is low. The Gila River Indian Community consists of 372,686 acres approximately 25 miles south of Phoenix and 70 miles north of Tucson. The tribal administrative offices and departments are located in Sacaton, Arizona, and serve residents within seven community districts. The communities of Santa Cruz and St. John, both listed as moderate risk within the Arizona -Identified Communities at Risk (ADFFM 2009), are located adjacent to the Gila River within the Gila River sub-WUI. The principal land use within the sub-WUI is agricultural, with steadily increasing industrial, retail, and recreational development. The community owns and operates three industrial parks—the Lone Butte Park is considered one of the most successful tribal industrial parks. Structural and wildland fire protection is provided to the communities by the Gila River Fire Department. According to 2016 ACS data, the population of the Gila River Indian Community is 13,031 (a 15.8 percent increase from the 2000 census data), with 4,213 housing units (no housing data available from the 2000 Census data). The vegetation of the sub- WUI consists primarily of desert scrub -shrub vegetation associations. Creosotebush flats dominate the upland landscape and are not conducive to intensive wildland fire due to noncontiguous aerial or ground fuels. However, during extreme rainfall years the deep loamy soils can produce abundant light fuels from invasive annual and perennial grasses. The highest wildland fire risk within the sub-WUI is related to the Gila River riparian corridor that has been heavily invaded by saltcedar. Wildland fires within dominant stands of saltcedar can burn at high intensities and have relatively high rates of spread. During normal burning conditions, fire brands will commonly move in excess of 700 feet in front of the headfire. Analysis of fire start data from 2007 to 2016 indicates the Gila River sub-WUI has the greatest number and highest density of fire starts comparted to the other sub -Mils. Many of these ignitions have occurred within agricultural lands and are consistent with normal agricultural practices. However, ignitions, whether natural or human caused, within proximity to the riparian corridor have the potential to create unwanted wildfire. Wildfires that occur within riparian corridors can have significant watershed and community water supply impacts due to ash, increased heavy metals, and soil erosion following extreme wildfire behavior that removes vegetative cover (Figures 2.2 through 2.5 above). Maricopa Sub-WUI The Pinal County CWPP analyses determined that approximately 51 percent of the Maricopa sub-WUI (Figure 2.6 above) is at high risk and that 39 percent is at moderate risk for wildland fire. Due to areas of low -high wildfire threat, generally low ignition history, and dispersed wildfire effects, the overall wildland fire risk rating of the Maricopa sub-WUI is moderate. Localized areas of high in the western portion of the Maricopa WUI can be attributed to housing density and high ISO rating. The Maricopa WUI includes the municipality of Maricopa and the community of Stanfield, as well as developed and agricultural lands surrounding the communities. The Ak-Chin Indian Community sub- WUI is located between the communities of Maricopa and Stanfield. Land ownership is primarily private. The communities are located south of 1-10 and north 1-8, in western Pinal County. Maricopa serves as a bedroom community for the Greater Phoenix Valley communities. Although the Pinal County Community Wildfire Protection Plan 64 June 2018 Section II.Community Assessment and Analysis communities have primarily been agricultural, they are expanding to include housing and light industry; for example, Volkswagen and Nissan have automobile proving grounds in the communities. SR 84, SR 347, and SR 238 are the primary routes for the communities, with 1-10 and 1-8 as the major transportation routes north and south of the communities. The Union Pacific Railroad parallels SR 238 through the sub-WUI. According to 2016 ACS data, the population of Maricopa is 45,473, with 16,983 housing units. The 2016 ACS data estimates the population of the Stanfield area at 332, with 162 housing units. Structural and wildland fire protection is provided to the communities by the Maricopa Fire Department and the Stanfield Fire District. The Maricopa sub-WUI is located within the relatively flat low valleys of the Santa Cruz River Valley and the Santa Rosa and Greene wash drainages. This low desert valley area is composed of desert scrub -shrub vegetative communities, which dominate the landscape and are not conducive to intensive wildland fire due to noncontiguous aerial or ground fuels. However, in extreme rainfall years significant ground fuels are produced within the foothills of the Sacaton Mountains on the eastern portion of the WUI and also within the foothills of the Table Top Mountains along the south and southwest corner of the Pinal County WUI boundary; these conditions create areas of high risk within southerly exposed steep slopes. Analysis of fire start data from 2007 to 2016 indicates Maricopa and the area to the northeast of Maricopa have one of the highest ignition densities in the WUI (Figures 2.2 through 2.5 above). Queen Creek Sub-WUI The Pinal County CWPP analyses determined that 83 percent of the Queen Creek sub-WUI (Figure 2.6 above) is at low risk for wildland fire. Due to areas of low to high wildfire threat, low ignition history, and a variety of wildfire effects, the overall wildland fire risk rating of the Queen Creek sub-WUI is low. The Queen Creek sub-WUI includes the San Tan Mountain Regional Park and the portion of the incorporated town of Queen Creek that lies within Pinal County; much of Queen Creek is within Maricopa County, and this portion was not included in the analysis. Queen Creek is easily accessible from many directions and has easy access to US 60 to the north and 1-10 to the west. The WUI includes a portion of the Union Pacific Railroad. According to 2000 census data, the population of Queen Creek was 4,316 residents. According to 2016 ACS data, the population of Queen Creek is 30,849 (a 714 percent increase from the 2000 Census data), with 10,545 housing units (a 331.7 percent increase). Land ownership is primarily private and State Trust land. Analysis of fire start data from 2007 to 2016 indicates very few ignitions within the Queen Creek sub-WUI. The majority of the relatively flat landscape composed of desert scrub -shrub vegetative communities that dominate the eastern half of the sub-WUI is not conducive to intensive wildland fire due to noncontiguous aerial or ground fuels and does not have a history of high wildland fire ignitions (Figures 2.2 through 2.5 above). Tohono O'odham Nation Sub -Will The Pinal County CWPP analyses determined that approximately 93 percent of the Tohono O'odham Nation sub-WUI (Figure 2.6 above) is at moderate risk for wildland fire. Due to areas of generally low Pinal County Community Wildfire Protection Plan 65 June 2018 Section II. Community Assessment and Analysis wildfire threat, localized ignition history and low wildfire effects, the overall wildland fire risk rating of the Tohono O'odham Nation sub-WUI is moderate. The Tohono O'odham Nation is located in the southern portion of the Pinal County CWPP analysis area and includes the tribal community of Chuichu. Chuichu is primarily an agricultural community located adjacent to Greene Wash. According to 2016 ACS data, the population of Chuichu is 417 (a 23.0 percent increase from the 2000 Census data), with 117 housing units (a 33.0 percent increase). The sub-WUI has a low population density. Structural and wildland fire protection for the community is provided by the Tohono O'odham Fire Department. The Greene Wash riparian corridor is a major drainage originating in Aguirrie Valley and flowing through the Santa Cruz Valley along the eastern foothills of the Sawtooth Mountains to its confluence with the Gila River to the north. The riparian corridor does, under normal rainfall years, produce significant amounts of fine and moderate fuel within areas heavily vegetated with perennial grasses, such as cane canary grass, and areas of heavy fuels from deciduous desert riparian vegetation. The upland vegetation associations of the sub-WUI include desert scrub composed of creosotebush associations and shrub associations consisting of Sonoran- Paloverde mixed cacti associations. Creosotebush flats, which dominate the nearly level lower- elevation valley floor, are not conducive to intensive wildland fire due to noncontiguous aerial or ground fuels. Upland shrub associations, during extreme rainfall years, can produce abundant light fuels from invasive annual and perennial grasses. The highest wildland fire risk within the sub-WUI is related to the Greene Wash xeroriparian corridor that has been invaded by annual and perennial grasses and saltcedar. Analysis of fire start data from 2007 to 2016 indicates the Tohono O'odham Sub-WUI has a history of little to no wildland fire ignitions (Figures 2.2 through 2.5 above). H.Wildfire Risk Analysis The wildfire risk analysis synthesizes the risk associated with fuel hazards, wildfire ignitions, wildfire occurrence, and community values, Overall risk is determined by wildfire -threat analyses (composed of potential wildfire behavior and wildfire ignition history) and by wildfire -effects analyses (composed of structure density and wildfire response within the WUI in consideration of fire suppression resources). These components were analyzed spatially and combined to determine the cumulative wildfire risk for the WUI. Figure 2.8 and Table 2.9 display the results of the wildfire risk analysis, identifying the areas and relative percentages of WUI areas of high, moderate, and low wildfire risk. Pinal County Community Wildfire Protection Plan 66 June 2018 Fi g u r e 2 . 8 . P i n a l C o u n t y C V V P P V V i l d l a n d F i r e R i s k A n a l y s i s 5 6- A 89 810Z ..nr uovoNd a1cpcm Apummuo0 kun03 Fluid Vue/13iJ 7 Alleuonualui afied PTPARUC PUC ,UOU.159049,1Auunauu,03 II uovos Section II. Community Assessment and Analysis Table 2.9. Wildfire Threat Assessment by Percentage and Acreage of the WUI Pinal County CWPP High risk Moderate Risk Low Risk Community sub-WUI I (%)I Acres I (%)I Acres I1 (%)I Acres I Total acres Ak-Chin Indian 0.4 94 23.4 5,027 76.1 16,327 21,448 Community Apache Junction 1.6 799 43.1 21,660 55.3 27,834 50,294 Avra Valley 1.1 2,249 57.1 113,938 41.8 83,373 199,561 Casa Grande 7.1 9,581 31.0 41,867 61.9 83,553 135,001 Coolidge 3.7 3,455 36.4 33,847 59.9 55,762 93,064 Dudleyville 8.1 3,914 86.0 41,537 5.9 2,840 48,291 Eloy 2.3 3,950 52.4 91,181 45.3 78,740 173,871 Florence 3.2 4,724 65.0 95,576 31.8 46,832 147,132 Galiuro Mountains 0.3 307 93.8 84,349 5.9 5,312 89,968 Gila River Indian 7.3 20,235 82.1 229,092 10.6 29,610 278,937 Community Gila River Riparian 15.4 1,920 84.5 10,540 0.1 11 12,471 Corridor Golder Ranch 1.7 1,968 79.5 93,988 18.8 22,285 118,240 Kearny 3.1 2,060 83.4 55,694 13.6 9,056 66,810 Mammoth 5.4 2,540 86.7 40,569 7.9 3,695 46,804 Maricopa 10.4 21,098 50.9 103,163 38.7 78,591 202,851 Oracle 0.2 99 57.1 23,771 42.7 17,774 41,644 Queen Creek <0.1 13 17.0 12,652 83.0 61,846 74,511 Queen Valley 4.7 2,371 92.3 46,290 3.0 1,511 50,172 San Manuel 3.0 2,638 90.4 80,805 6.7 5,983 89,426 Superior 3.4 1,368 76.4 31,206 20.2 8,264 40,839 Tohono O'odham Nation 2.6 291 92.5 10,248 4.9 544 11,084 Top of the World 3.8 373 90.4 8,912 5.8 573 9,859 Total 4.3 86,049 63.7 1,275,912 32.0 640,317 2,002,277 Source:Logan Simpson 2018. Note: WUI =wildland-urban interface. Pinal County Community Wildfire Protection Plan 69 June 2018 Section II. Community Assessment and Analysis This Page Intentionally Left Blank. Pinal County Community Wildfire Protection Plan 70 June 2018 Section III. Community Mitigation Plan III.COMMUNITY MITIGATION PLAN This section of the Pinal County CWPP outlines the revised priorities for wildland fuels modifications and treatments, as well as the recommended methods of treatment and management strategies for mitigating the potential spread of catastrophic wildland fire throughout the WUI. The Pinal County municipalities and communities, BLM, CNF, and TNF have conducted wildland fuels modifications and treatments as well as forest restoration projects within and adjacent to the WUI since development of the 2009 Pinal County CWPP. The previous treatment areas were reviewed and current priority areas were chosen for future fuels modification and restoration treatments that are described in this revised Pinal County CWPP. This section also presents revised recommendations for enhanced wildland fire protection capabilities and public education, information, and outreach to further community preparation for wildland fire within and adjacent to the communities. A.Fuel Management Priorities Wildland fuel reduction and restoration treatments have occurred within or proximate to the WUI from 2008 through 2017. For example, the CNF has an active fuels and restoration program that includes the use of wildfire (planned and unplanned natural ignitions) and mechanical treatments. Since 2009, the CNF has treated approximately 590 acres within the Pinal County CWPP analysis area. Mechanical treatments (mastication, thinning) were conducted for the majority of those acres. Additionally, the City of Apache Junction has conducted fuel reduction treatments on approximately 40 acres of private and public lands in last nine years. Future wildland fire mitigation projects are being proposed for at -risk federal, public, and private lands that have not had prior fuel reduction or restoration treatments. These proposed actions are recommended to prevent wildfire spread from public lands onto private land and, conversely, to reduce the risk of fires spreading from private land onto public lands by reducing wildland fuels and creating defensible space's within fire -adapted communities. A primary goal of the revised Pinal County CWPP is for proposed treatments to be continuous across property boundaries, which would allow for the most effective protection from wildfires and would complement those fuel mitigation and restoration treatments conducted since development of the 2009 Pinal County CWPP. To prioritize wildland fuel mitigation projects, wildland fire risk was calculated through analyzing fire threat, fire effects, and fire history. Wildland fire effects were analyzed through determination of proximity of structure density and local wildfire response capabilities to wildfire threat. Fire threat and fire effects were combined to produce the wildland fire risk assessment that is compiled in a single community base map depicting areas of low, moderate, and high wildland fire risk (refer to Figure 2.8 in Section II).The 2009 Pinal County CWPP identified and categorized a total of 153 treatment management units (TMUs) within the 21 sub-WUI areas, with an overall risk value determined for each TMU. The TMUs from the 2009 Pinal County CWPP were reviewed and revised in accordance with the 4 A "defensible space" is the area around a structure where the vegetation has been managed to reduce fire intensity as a wildfire nears and to reduce the chance of fire from reaching and burning the structure. Pinal County Community Wildfire Protection Plan 71 June 2018 Section III. Community Mitigation Plan current risk assessment. The Core Team has identified 125 TMUs (refer to Figure 3.1 and Table 3.2) based on similar risk values and fuel reduction treatments necessary to meet fire -adapted community goals. Detail TMU maps are located in Appendix C. B.Fuels Modifications and Treatments After determining areas currently at greatest risk for wildland fire (refer to Section ll of this CWPP), the Core Team reviewed and amended the 2009 proposed wildland fire mitigation recommendations for residential treatments, fuel breaks5 appropriate for the wildland fuel types, and fuel mitigation treatments for undeveloped landscapes, as necessary (refer to Table 3.1). The series of fuel reduction and restoration recommendations in Table 3.1 meet agency and community wildfire preparedness goals. Hazardous fuels reduction recommendations on federal and private lands within or adjacent to the WUI vary between implementing single fuel breaks and applying broader land treatments. Additional fuel breaks or hazardous fuels reduction projects from those implemented since the 2009 Pinal County CWPP are recommended and conform to the types of treatment recommendations developed by the 2009 Core Team. The current recommendations for fuel mitigation and restoration treatments are complementary to previous actions and conform to current land management plans. The Core Team recognizes the responsibility of private landowners in creating and maintaining defensible wildland fire space on their lands and within fire -adapted communities to enhance protection of values within their properties and communities. The Core Team supports and encourages private landowners to become involved with wildland fire protection and the creation of defensible space in fire -adapted communities. The Core Team developed wildland fuel reduction recommendations designed to restore wildland fire to its natural role appropriate for the landscape and to provide for community preparedness. The recommended land treatments and fuel breaks will enhance public and firefighter safety, protect community values, restore native vegetation, reduce spread of non-native grasses, and provide for wildlife habitat needs. Several federally designated wilderness areas are within or adjacent to the Pinal County WUI: Superstition, Table Top, Aravaipa Canyon, and White Canyon wilderness areas. Wildland fuel mitigation treatments within wilderness areas will be conducted by BLM and TNF under appropriate wilderness regulations. Fuel breaks may be recommended along specific, identified private in -holdings adjacent to wilderness boundaries to allow federal partners to use appropriate management response. These revised wildland vegetative fuel and fuel break recommended treatments meet the revised Pinal County CWPP goals of enhancing firefighter and public safety; reducing hazardous wildland fuels on public and private lands; improving fire prevention and suppression; restoring riparian, forest, and rangeland health; involving the community; and expediting project implementation. 5 In this plan, "fuel break" is a strip of land where vegetation has been modified so that fires burning into it can be more readily controlled. Pinal County Community Wildfire Protection Plan 72 June 2018 ?.? 2 3 Fi g u r e 3 . 1 . P i n e ! Co u n t y C W P P Tr e a t m e n t Ma n a g e m e n t Un i t s ; 5 Secoon III. Community MMgation Plan This Page Intentionally Left Blank Peel County Community Wildfire Protecton Plon 74 June 2018 5 / X 2 *I!SE 1. .11 z:osgl -; a ; . Ia31 a 45g fit14M ig .e. ..a -!! it 13e ; I 0 1 1 1 11;01111111!11111111 12..A.g11.. till. 3 'pi;2E311 1 i !2 i 2 4121 ; 111141211 Ii11111P918PVII:it 11 042QA1,1 ff.3.0g!g22 iN1e'.11 A11110" 11 1 1111 121;i 1 iFf141116011111"4 1 g1 3 'ill 0,4 1 Fe giii 11-11 -1i§-i12 4 1 las2;e1 21 ;a lepEal.33:;;sii !_ait -'1 t i '2S lA !ill f j2 .qhf!iheil,11 ;1: 11 2!i e .5 + ;1 0 1 1 LOI 131.11111t F11g 1p3,1 1,01, 4 1 ,010 1 1;191 1 Si et0FA all.all aL.Mil t; -2 I 1 41 2 2111 illAilianc2AL 1 21 h E 11E1 ;01'11011H -pi Bp t flo 10 ! Led 61.qi3 3141-33 13 11121111,2Aillhi; a • g 2 f1:1 1 1 ;' ,IV 1 1 23 2 1 9 1 2 8 1 8 ;T h itic3,. /Wei: LIIg!? hi hit al.I !i;11 1.111 i;'i llW1141111[14! 11!mouePtrip JIM 1.1;Nip!! 1 111 fl htt huh 13 ,1ill 11,:-.a ;_il I !AI 3Itipo 1114 1! 1a'if - liHa 1, 0 i Ail- !Iir Itlit .t izi 11 i ° ttl -ER 1 3 I f ala I0i 3 111 1 1 § 3 t 1 5fEll 1 2 5 --R555 5fiGewiliffii 1 11 0 i -P V ! M i l ; 1 : 1 1 ! I i iSlig4123 el! N i t l !ad?ez dsall !/Sgliiiiii2 • g., Se c t o n M . C o m m u n i t y M i n g a n o n P l a n I 1. i s 2 I g - 1 1' sm '1 2 ; 2 82 1;1 N 1 e l 7,1 & s - x 2 Fe d e r a l , s t a t e , o r p r i v a t e l a n d s Fe d e r a l , s t a b ' , o r p r i v a t e l a n d s Fir e b r e a k s o n p r i v a t e l a n d s Fe d e r a l o r s t a t e l a n d s 2 E s a .1112ti.t1.2 2 1121111.104i'-' 2 -1 WEI! e.3131ap E itii ;M I W W ;."1,21-kssls:Wlig 3417: 0 1 19)1T 2:11 #F :g1P 1 2Ilfilivs42,2:2z1/!;Ifgx 2 /zIE, !NUM!i jliiilliiii tm .1 1 1 H .112f1-1-01s;Tii!FiIgit ! i h M f q t a i f l;6 i q q1iiii711;f p: 1f.1t!l i 3if itr,==/ 8;11 •'pa- - • r2gY'IF P na t f 22i2siOWN22..m .3:ss f i p-.3 i 1 2 .22 I 2 F Al?a V 2 f t 2 5 . :2 ; z=E2..2 OE Ni '2gaLsa ' a24-i #11!:2E II7ling 2 !4 W D %5231p!iira.23 F i i-24111 Ili,0 2!22=gc ;Ir221211.g t'l-Ifi IlltP2 g 22s2....2i; 0 it;g 0 rl 11,p. f .F,I i I V I k 2 E l i 3 ! i i -1.I l i ;1 °i f i l ' I l I C E " I l l 'i i i .g a:1 .11.°3 E 22 2p22E.i glE218 1 2 3 22,12 a -g m 8,1 r: Hik 3i2ggip E 21;t 4 1 g! il ;II i 1 E ilif1211:1i 4 " i n ;la SI.1;a..22.2..,.2x:—.i.,5-.. O S 2 I :a•t :1 s-g g -2,i 23 i g ;IT . q n s t 2 f i y p l . : g i p:21 lial;i!lz 7'.ii i. 5..tI T I:It%5P141 WiE 21A4.qh•liPlifZii!I? Eql_ 71h.g s.111111011 ;I t 1; ;2 %"41 2g 4.4. '24gi.F.§-1- 1 1 [011P V V O g r i g O a a l 1 gn8 -EUEi0.1.12.ligls.e .._ 22. ;4 4 i 441 : 1 /1 01411 111=1011! iilliggx! !Ilgli124E hili11111 8 p . 1.2 UI " . 1;0 Sla 1 4LI: 1 2 2°:t 14! ii 1 !1/7 1 O f1iptlf Hill z21. . 1 b g1! 2 34;s ee Vti!ER2 111;111.1.0ztiiiillIg—1282;g1s!j1 3 /22;'22q;f1,14.82.- illiiilk 211Wo -2 it!!! iStsi2s2122214st 'hail!: .2E1..22 -2E2211 i 81222Silm2grm Section III. Community Mitigation Plan Table 3.2. Identified TMUs Treatment Recommended Total FederalMapRiskmanagementFuel model(s)ID value treatmenta acres acresunit State Other Trust Nonfederal acres acres Ak-Chin Indian AC1 L GR1, GR2, GS1, GS2, NB1,1,2,3,5,6,7,8,9 21,448 21,432 0 16 Community NB3,NB8, NB9, SH1, SH5, (AC)TL2, TL3, TL6 Apache AJ1 L GR1, GR2, GS1, GS2, NB1,1,2,3,4,5,7,8,9 6,379 2,451 1,564 2,364 Junction (AJ)NB3, NB9, SH1, SH5, TL2, TL3 AJ2 L GR1, GR2, GS1, GS2, NB1,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9 11,155 722 1,491 8,942 NB3, NB8, NB9, SH1, TL2, TL3 AJ3 L GR1, GR2, GS1, GS2, NB1,1,2,3,4,5,8 4,643 111 1,445 3,088 Si -11, SH5, TL2, TL3 AJ4 L GR1, GR2, GS1, GS2, NB1,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8 8,991 34 7,036 1,921 NB3, NB8, NB9, SH1, TL2, TL3, TL5 AJ5 M GR1, GR2, GS1, GS2, NB1,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8 7,707 244 1,003 6,459 NB3, NB8, NB9, SH1, SH5, TL2, TL3 AJ6 M GR1, GR2, GS1, GS2, NB1,1,2,3,4,5,8 6,015 2 5,973 40 SH1, SH5, TL2, TL3 AJ7 M GR1, GR2, GS1, GS2, NB1,1,2,3,4,5,6,8 5,404 o 5,206 198 NB3, NB9, SH1, TL2, TL3 Avra Valley AV1 L GR1, GR2, GS1, GS2, NB1,1,2,3,5,8 13,167 4,812 3,726 4,629 (AV)SH1, SH5, TL2 AV2 L GR1, GR2, GS1, GS2, NB1,1,2,3,5,8 14,512 3,115 6,219 5,179 NB9, SH1 AV3 L GR1, GR2, GS1, GS2, NB1,1,2,3,6,8 10,368 0 7,651 2,717 NB9, SH1, SH5, TL2, TL3 AV4 L GR1, GR2, GS1, GS2, NB1,1,2,3,6,7,8,9 18,304 0 11,352 6,951 NB3, NB8, NB9, SH1, SH5, TL2, TL3, TL5 AV5 L GR1, GR2, GS1, GS2, NB1,3,6,8 7,433 o 6,650 783 NB3, NB8, SH1, SH5, TL2, TL3, TL6 AV6 M GR1, GR2, GS1, GS2, NB1,1,2,3,6,8 16,191 0 11,790 4,401 NB3, NB9, SH1, SH5, TL2, TL3 AV7 M GR1, GR2, GS1, GS2, NB1,1,2,3,5,7,8,9 26,950 603 14,962 11,384 NB3, NB9, SH1, SH5, SH7, TL2, TL3 AV8 L GR1, GR2, GS1, GS2, NB1,1,2,3,7,8,9 15,039 0 10,504 4,535 NB3, NB8, SH1, SH5, TL2, TL3, TL6 AV9 L GR1, GR2, GS1, GS2, NB1,1,2,3,5,7,8,9 16,506 50 2,709 13,747 NB3, NB8, NB9, SH1, SH5, TL2, TL3 AV10 M GR1, GR2, GS1, GS2, NB1,3,5,7,8,9 20,478 2,163 11,283 7,032 NB3, SH1, SH5, TL2, TL3 AV11 M GR1, GR2, GS1, GS2, NB1,1,2,3,7,8,9 15,842 0 7,507 8,335 NB3, NB9, SH1, SH5, TL2, Pinal County Community Wildfire Protection Plan 77 June 2018 Section III. Community Mitigation Plan Treatment Map Riskmanagement Fuel model(s)ID valueunit Recommended Total Federal treatmene acres acres State Other Trust Nonfederal acres acres TL3, TL6 AV12 M GR1, GR2, GS1, GS2, NB1,3,5,7,8,9 24,772 14,017 9,829 925 NB3, NB9, SH1, SH5, SH7, TL2, TL3 Casa Grande CG1 H GR1, GR2, GS1, GS2, NB1,1,2,3,6,7,8,9 11,272 812 1,586 8,874 (CG)NB3, NB9, SH1, SH5, TL2, TL3 CG2 M GR1, GR2, GS1, GS2, NB1,1,2,3,7,8,9 9,615 11 599 9005 NB3, NB8, N89, SH1, SH5, TL3 CG3 L GR1, GR2, GS1, GS2, NB1,1,2,3,7,8,9 14,764 0 169 14,594 NB3, NB8, NB9, SH1, SH5, SH7, TL2 CG4 H GR1, GR2, GS1, GS2, NB1,1,2,3,6,7,8,9 11,434 0 0 11,434 NB3, NB8, NB9, SH1, SH5, TL2, TL3 CG5 L GR1, GR2, GS1, GS2, NB1,1,2,3,7,8,9 18,138 0 78 18,061 NB3, NB8, NB9, SH1, SH5, TL2, TL3, TL6 CG6 L GR1, GR2, GS1, GS2, NB1,1,2,3,7,8,9 11,795 6 422 11,367 NB3, NB8, NB9, SH1, SH5, TL2 CG7 L GR1, GR2, GS1, GS2, NB1,1,2,3,7,8,9 14,727 0 1,251 13,476 NB3, NB8, NB9, SH1, SH5, TL2, TL3 CG8 L GR1, GR2, GS1, GS2, NB1,1,2,3,6,7,8,9 14,730 0 1,487 13,243 NB3, NB8, SH1, SH5, TL2, TL3 CG9 L GR1, GR2, GS1, GS2, NB1,1,2,3,6,7,8,9 14,806 0 44 14,762 NB3, NB8, NB9, SH1, SH5, TL2, TL3 CG10 H GR1, GR2, GS1, GS2, NB1,1,2,3,6,7,8,9 13,720 163 2,867 10,690 NB3, NB8, NB9, SH1, SH5, TL2, TL3 Coolidge (CO)CO1 L GR1, GR2, GS1, GS2, NB1,1,2,3,8 20,712 0 895 19,817 NB3, NB8, NB9, SH1, SH5, TL2 CO2 L GR1, GR2, GS1, GS2, NB1,1,2,3,5,8 10,886 335 1,483 9,068 NB3, NB8, NB9, SH1, SH5, 5H7, TL2, TL5 CO3 M GR1, GR2, GS1, GS2, NB1,1,2,3,5,8 15,157 19 10,840 4,298 NB3, NB8, SH1, SH5, TL2 C04 L GR1, GR2, GS1, GS2, NB1,1,2,5,7,8,8 17,409 43 587 16,778 NB3, NB8, NB9, SH1, SH5, TL2, TL5 C05 L GR1, GR2, GS1, GS2, NB1,1,2,3,5,8 19,621 519 646 18,456 NB3, NB8, N09, SH1, SH5, TL2, TL3 Pinal County Community Wildfire Protection Plan 78 June 2018 Section III. Community Mitigation Plan Treatment Map Risk Recommended Total FederalmanagementFuel model(s)ID value treatment s acres acresunit State Other Trust Nonfederal acres acres C06 L GR1, GR2, GS1, GS2, NB1,1,2,7,8,9 9,279 0 288 8,991 NB3, NB8, NB9, SH1, SH5, TL2, TL3 Dudleyville (D)DV1 M GR1, GR2, GS1, GS2, NB1,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9 12,241 7,157 3 5,082 NB3, NB8, NB9, SH1, SH7, TL3, TL5, TU1 DV2 M GR1, GR2, GS1, G52, NB1,3,4,5,6,7,8,9 6,770 3,301 1,994 1,475 NB3, SH1 DV3 H GR1, GR2, GS1, GS2, NB1,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9 6,891 618 1,969 4,304 NB3, NB8, NB9, SH1, SH7, TL3, TL5, TL8, TU1, TU2 DV4 M GR1, GR2, GS1, GS2, NB1,3,4,5,6,7,8,9 4,949 2,674 1,497 779 NB8, NB9, SH1, SH7, TL3, TU1 DV5 H GR1, GR2, GS1, GS2, NB1,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9 7,506 472 3,044 3,990 NB3, NB8, NB9, SH1, SH7, TL3, TL5, TL8, TU1 DV6 M GR1, GR2, GS1, GS2, NB3,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9 9,935 2,135 5,019 2,781 NB8, NB9, SH1, SH7, TL5, TU1 Eloy (EL)EL1 M GR1, GR2, GS1, GS2, NB1,1,2,3,5,6,8 13,097 336 8,885 3,876 NB3, NB8, NB9, SH1, SH5, TL2, TL3, TL6 EL2 L GR1, GR2, GS1, GS2, NB1,1,2,3,6,7,8,9 25,982 0 3,418 22,564 NB3, NB8, NB9, SH1, SH5, TL2, TL6 EL3 M GR1, GR2, GS1, GS2, NB1,1,2,3,5,7,8,9 12,287 109 5,424 6,754 NB3, NB8, NB9, SH1, SH5, TL2, TL6 EL4 M GR1, GR2, GS1, GS2, NB1,3,5,7,8,9 12,171 2,033 7,399 2,738 NB3, NB8, SH1, SH5, TL2 EL5 M GR1, GR2, GS1, GS2, NB1,1,2,3,5,6,20,009 0 13,432 6,576 NB3, NB8, NB9, SH1, SH5, TL2, TL3, TL8 EL6 L GR1, GR2, GS1, GS2, NB1,1,2,3,5,6,8 30,709 67 2,578 28,064 NB3, NB8, NB9, SH1, SH5, TL2, TL3, TL6 EL7 L GR1, GR2, GS1, GS2, NB1,1,2,3,5,6,7,8,9 32,839 0 1,211 31,628 NB3, NB8, NB9, SH1, SH5, TL2, TL3, TL6 EL8 M GR1, GR2, GS1, GS2, NB1,1,2,3,5,8 26,778 0 15,643 11,135 NB3, NB8, NB9, SH1, SH5, SH7, TL2, TL3, TL5 Florence (FL)FL1 M GR1, GR2, GS1, GS2, NB1,1,2,3,5,6,8 33,780 110 28,410 5,261 NB8, NB9, SH1, TL5 FL2 H GR1, GR2, GS1, GS2, NB1,1,2,3,5,6,8 12,243 441 7,591 4,211 NB3, SH1 FL3 H GR1, GR2, GS1, GS2, NB1,1,2,3,5,6,8 15,943 3,269 5,771 6,895 NB3, NB8, NB9, SH1 Pinal County Community Wildfire Protection Plan 79 June 2018 Section III. Community Mitigation Plan Treatment Map Riskmanagement Fuel model(s)ID valueunit Recommended Total Federal treatmenta acres acres State Trust acres Other Nonfederal acres FL4 FL5 FL6 FL7 FL8 M GR1, GR2, GS1, GS2, NB1, NB3, NB8, NB9, SH1, SH5, TL2 M GR1, GR2, GS1, G52, NB1, NB3, NB8, NB9, SH1, SH5, TL2, TL3 M GR1, GR2, GS1, GS2, NB1, NB3, N88, NB9, SH1, SH5, TL2, TL3 L GR1, GR2, GS1, GS2, NB1, NB3, NB8, NB9, SH1, SH5, TL2, TL3 M GR1, GR2, GS1, GS2, NB1, N63, NB8, NB9, SH1, SH5, TL2, TL3 1,2,3,5,6,8 1,2,3,5,7,8,9 1,2,3,5,6,7,8,9 1,2,3,5,6,7,8,9 1,2,3,5,6,8 8,946 0 4,362 4,585 16,006 4,088 7,605 4,313 17,250 5,405 3,618 8,228 27,864 1,590 3,214 23,060 15,109 1,992 5,254 7,864 Gila River Indian Community (GC) GC1 M GR1, GR2, GS1, GS2, NB1,1,2,3,5,6,7,8,9 278,937 278,237 6 NB3, NB8, NB9, SH1, SH3, .SH5, SH7, TL2, TL3, TL6 694 Gila River GI1 H GR1, GR2, GS1, GS2, NB3,7,9 Riparian NB8, NB9, SH1, SH5, SH7 Corridor (GI) 12,471 9,842 2,077 553 Galiuro Mountains (GM) GM1 M GR1, GR2, GS1, GS2, NB9,3,4,5,7,8,9 9,874 5,468 3,764 643 SH1, SH5, SH7, TL3, TU1 GM2 M GR1, GR2, GS1, GS2,NB3, NB9, SH1, SH5, SH7, TL3, TL5, TU1 GM3 M GR1, GR2, GS1, GS2, NB3, NB9, SH1, SH2, SH5, SH7, TL1, TL3, TL8, TU1, TU2 1,2,3,4,5,7,8,9 7,805 2,804 2,445 2,556 1,2,3,4,5,7,8,9 72,289 16,577 31,226 24,487 Golder Ranch GR1 L GR1, GR2, GS1, GS2, NB1, (GR)NB3, NB8, NB9, SH1, SH3, SH5, SH7, TL2, TL3, TL6, TU1 GR2 L GR1, GR2, GS1, GS2, NB1, NB9, SH1, SH7, TL2, TL3, TU1 GR3 L GR1, GR2, GS1, GS2, NB1, NB3, SH1, SH7, TL2, TL3 GR4 M GR1, GR2, GS1, GS2, NB1, SH1, SH7, TL2, TL3, TU1 GR5 M GR1, GR2, GS1, GS2, NB1, NB9, SH7, TL2, TL3 GR6 M GR1, GR2, GS1, GS2, NB1, NB3, NB9, SH1, SH5, SH7, TL2, TL3 GR7 M GR1, GR2, GS1, GS2, NB1, NB9, SH1, SH5, SH7, TL2, TL3 GR8 M GR1, GR2, GS1, GS2, NB1, SH1, SH5, TL2 1,2,3,4,6,7,8,9 7,662 13 2,929 4,721 1,2,3,4,6,7,8,9 10,037 0 8,538 1,499 1,2,3,4,6,7,8,9 1,2,3,4,6,7,8,9 1,2,3,4,6,7,8,9 1,2,3,4,67,8,9 1,2,3,4,6,8 8,031 10,698 12,004 22,956 0 4,252 3,779 0 9,275 1,423 0 11,816 188 36 19,418 3,502 13,966 0 9,598 4,368 1,2,3,4,5,6,8 9,907 552 7,102 2,253 Pinal County Community Wildfire Protection Plan 80 June 2018 Section III. Community Mitigation Plan Treatment Map Riskmanagement Fuel model(s)ID valueunit Recommended Total Federal treatment a acres acres State Other Trust Nonfederal acres acres GR9 M GR1, GR2, GS1, GS2, NB1, NB9, SH1, SH5, SH7, TL2 GR10 M GR2, GS1, GS2, NB1, SH5, SH7, TL2, TL3 1,2,3,4,5,7,8,9 1,2,3,4,5,7,8,9 15,756 1,802 6,512 7,443 7,223 58 5,973 1,192 Kearny (KR)KR1 M GR1, GR2, GS1, GS2, NB1, NB9, SH1, SH5, SH7, TL2, TL3 KR2 M GR1, GR2, GS1, G52, NB1, NB8, NB9, SH1, SH2, SH5, SH7, TL2, TL3, TL8 KR3 M GR1, GR2, GS1, GS2, NB1, NB3, NB8, NB9, SH1, SH7, TL3, TU1 KR4 H GR1, GR2, GS1, GS2, NB1, NB3, NB8, NB9, SH1, SH5, SH7, TL2, TL3, TL5, TU1 KR5 M GR1, GR2, GS1, GS2, NB1, NB9, SH1, SH5, SH7, TL3, TU1 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9 9,935 7,585 785 1,564 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9 15,797 2,308 1,962 11,526 3,4,5,6,7,8,9 13,670 9,024 3,317 1,329 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9 14,095 2,295 1,844 9,956 3,4,5,6,7,8,9 13,314 12,151 242 921 Maricopa (MA)MA1 M GR1, GR2, GS1, GS2, NB1, NB3, NB8, NB9, SH1, SH5, TL2, TL3 MA2 L GR1, GR2, GS1, GS2, NB1, NB3, NB8, NB9, SH1, SH5, TL2, TL3, TL6 MA3 L GR1, GR2, GS1, GS2, NB1, NB3, NB8, SH1, 5H5, TL2, TL3, TL6 MA4 H GR1, GR2, GS1, GS2, NB1, NB3, SH1, SH5, TL6 MA5 L GR1, GR2, GS1, GS2, NB1, NB3, NB8, NB9, SH1, SH5, TL2 MA6 L GR1, GR2, GS1, GS2, NB1, NB3, NB8, NB9, SH1, TL2, TL3 MA7 L GR1, GR2, GS1, GS2, NB1, NB3, NB8, NB9, SH1, SH5, TL2, TL3 MA8 M GR1, GR2, GS1, GS2, NB1, NB3, NB9, SH1, SH5, TL2, TL3 MA9 M GR1, GR2, GS1, GS2, NB1, NB3, NB9, SH1, SH5, TL2,TL3 MA10 M GR1, GR2, GS1, GS2, NB1, NB3, SH1, SH5, TL2, TL3 MA11 H GR1, GR2, GS1, GS2, NB1, NB3, SH1, SH5, TL2, TL3 1,2,3,5,7,8,9 1,2,3,7,8,9 1,2,3,7,8,9 1,2,3,5,7,8,9 5,322 274 1,695 3,354 16,281 1 8,105 1 78 16,202 346 7,758 5,466 358 1,110 3,999 1,2,3,5,7,8,9 12,296 34 2,924 9,338 1,2,3,7,8,9 18,374 0 646 17,727 1,2,3,5,7,8,9 17,181 204 3,607 13,370 1,2,3,5,7,8,9 10,714 741 1,696 8,278 1,2,3,5,7,8,9 22,520 14,851 1,437 6,232 1,2,3,5,7,8,9 8,082 3,627 1,151 3,305 1,2,3,5,7,8,9 33,544 13,365 4,725 15,453 Pinal County Community Wildfire Protection Plan 81 June 2018 Section III. Community Mitigation Plan Treatment Map Risk Recommended Total FederalmanagementFuel model(s)ID value treatment'acres acresunit State Other Trust Nonfederal acres acres MA12 L GR1, GR2, GS1, GS2, NB1,1,2,3,7,8,9 19,555 22 2,505 17,028 NB3, NB8, NB9, SH1, SH5, TL2, TL3 MA13 H GR1, GR2, GS1, GS2, NB1,1,2,3,5,7,8,9 6,441 2,519 291 3,631 NB3, SH1, SH5, TL2, TL3 MA14 H GR1, GR2, GS1, GS2, NB1,1,2,3,7,8,9 8,291 7 166 8,118 NB3, NB9, SH1, SH5, TL2, TL3, TL6 MA15 M GR1, GR2, GS1, GS2, NB1,1,2,3,5,8 10,678 5,981 1,005 3,693 NB3, NB8, SH1, SH5, TL2, TL3 Mammoth (MM)MM1 M GR1, GR2, GS1, GS2, NB1,1,2,3,4,5,7,9 7,273 15 4,664 2,595 NB3, NB8, NB9, SH1, TL3, TL5, TU1 MM2 M GR1, GR2, GS1, GS2, NB1,1,2,3,4,5,7,9 15,857 1,718 12,201 1,937 NB9, SH1, SH7, TL3, TU1 MM3 M GR1, GR2, GS1, GS2, NB1,1,2,3,4,5,7,9 12,212 236 5,834 6,141 NB8, NB9, SH1, SH7,TL3, TU1 MM4 H GR1, GR2, GS1, GS2, NB1,1,2,3,4,5,7,9 11,462 83 4,763 6,616 NB3, NB8, NB9, SH1, SH7, TL2, TL3, TL5, TL8, TU1 Oracle (OR)OR1 M GR1, GR2, GS1, GS2, NB1,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,9 7,519 33 4,955 2,531 NB9, SH1, SH7, TL3, TU1 0R2 L GR1, GR2, GS1, GS2, NB1,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,9 5,482 598 705 4,179 SH1, SH5, SH7, TL3, TU1 0R3 L GR1, GR2, GS1, GS2, NB1,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,9 6,713 733 1,577 4,403 NB3, NB9, SH1, SH2, SH5, SH7, TL3, TL5, TU1 0R4 L GR1, GR2, GS1, GS2, NB1,1,2,3,4,6,7,9 6,611 o 2,482 4,129 NB3,SH1, SH7, TL3, TL5, TU1 0R5 M GR1, GR2, GS1, GS2, SH1,3,4,7,9 7,116 0 6,243 873 SH7, TU1 0R6 L GR1, GR2, GS1, GS2, NB1,1,2,3,4,6,7,9 4,240 0 3,770 470 NB8, NB9, SH1, TL3, TU1 0R7 M GR1, GR2, GS1, GS2, NB1,1,2,3,4,7,9 3,963 8 1,892 2,063 NB9, SH1, SH7, TL3, TU1 Queen Creek QC1 L GR1, GR2, GS1, GS2, NB1,1,2,3,5,8 26,123 6,867 2,290 16,966 (QC)NB3, NB8, NB9, SH1, SH7, TL2, TL3 QC2 L GR1, GR2, GS1, GS2, NB1,1,2,3,8 11,285 0 4,888 6,397 NB3, NB8, NB9, SH1, SH5, TL2, TL3 0C3 L GR1, GR2, GS1, GS2, NB1,1,2,3,5,7,8,9 27,786 477 8,915 18,394 NB3, NB8, NB9, SH1, SH5, TL2, TL3, TL6 QC4 L GR1, GR2, GS1, GS2, NB1,1,2,3,5,7,8,9 9,317 0 6,320 2,997 NB3, NB8, SH1, SH5, TL2 Pinal County Community Wildfire Protection Plan 82 June 2018 Section III. Community Mitigation Plan Treatment Map Riskmanagement Fuel model(s)ID valueunit Recommended Total Federal treatmenta acres acres State Other Trust Nonfederal acres acres Queen Valley QV1 M GR1, GR2, GS1, G52, NB1,1,2,3,4,5,6,8 13,965 717 12,630 619 (QV)NB3, NB9, SH1, SH5, SH7, TL2, TL3 QV2 M GR1, GR2, GS1, GS2, NB1,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9 15,957 519 13,430 2,008 NB3, NB9, SH1, SH5, SH7, TL2, TL3 QV3 M GR1, GR2, GS1, GS2, NB1,3,4,6,7,9,8 1,851 0 1,755 96 SH1, TL2, TL3 QV4 H GR1, GR2, GS1, GS2, NB1,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9 10,394 7,406 2,505 483 NB3, NB9, SH1, SH5, SH7, TL2, TL3 QV5 M GR1, GR2, GS1, 052, NB1,3,4,5,6,7,8,9 8,004 1,992 5,486 526 SH1, SH5, SH7, TL2, TL3 San Manuel SM1 M GR1, GR2, GS1, 052, NB1,3,4,6,7,8,9 7,566 1 6,708 857 (SM)SH1, SH7, TL3 SM2 M GR1, GR2, GS1, GS2, NB1,1,2,3,4,7,8,9 15,317 0 1,770 13,547 NB3, NB8, NB9, SH1, SH7, TL3, TU1 SM3 H GR1, GR2, GS1, 052, NB1,1,2,3,4,5,7,8,9 5,079 467 306 4,306 NB3, NB8, NB9, SH1, SH7, TL2, TL3, TL5, TU1 SM4 M GR1, GR2, GS1, GS2, NB8,3,4,5,7,8,9 18,075 2,572 14,673 830 NB9, SH1, SH7, TL5 SM5 H GR1, GR2, GS1, GS2, NB1,1,2,3,4,7,8,9 4,648 0 2,804 1,844 NB3, NB8, NB9, SH1, SH7, TL2, TL3, TL5, TL8, TU1 SM6 M GR1, GR2, GS1, GS2, NB1,1,2,3,4,7,8,9 27,054 0 23,262 3,793 NB9, SH1, SH7, TL3, TU1 SM7 M GR1, GR2, GS1, GS2, NB3,1,2,3,4,5,7,8,9 11,687 4,703 4,106 2,879 NB9, SH1, SH5, SH7, TL3, TL8, TU1 Superior (SP)SP1 L GR1, GR2, 051, GS2, NB1,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,9 12,073 9,160 0 2,913 NB3, NB8, NB9, SH1, SH2, SH5, SH7, TL2, TL3 SP2 M GR1, GR2, GS1, GS2, NB1,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9 16,698 14,735 0 1,962 NB3, NB8, NB9, SH1, SH2, SH5, SH7, TL2, TL3, TL8 SP3 M GR1, GR2, GS1, GS2, NB1,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9 12,068 10,769 85 1,214 SH1, SH5, SH7, TL1, TL2, TL3, TL8 Tohono TO1 M GR1, GR2, GS1, GS2, NB1,1,2,3,5,6,7,8,9 11,084 11,076 5 3 O'odham NB3, NB8, NB9, SH1, SH5 Nation (TO) Top -of -the-TVV1 M GR1, GR2, GS1, GS2, NB1,3,4,5,6,7,9 4,800 4,788 0 11 World (TVV)NB3, NB9, SH5, SH7, TL3 TVV2 M GR1, GR2, GS1, GS2, NB1,1,2,4,5,6 5,059 4,071 0 988 NB3, NB9, SH2, SH5, SH7, TL1, TL3 Note:L = low, M = moderate, H = high, aRefer to Table 3.1 for recommended treatments. Pinal County Community Wildfire Protection Plan 83 June 2018 Section III. Community Mitigation Plan The Core Team mapped the location of each TMU in the WUI and assigned recommended treatments for each TMU (refer to Table 3.2). The TMUs listed in Table 3.2 do not always coincide with fire department or district boundaries. Some TMUs are not located within a fire department or district and therefore have no structural fire protection. For example, the Top of the World community and sub-WUI are not within any fire departments or districts or under USFS jurisdiction for fire protection, and therefore, no fire departments or districts are responsible for fire response for private lands within the community. Treatment of wildland fuels within the WUI is expected to generate considerable slash and vegetative waste material. Private individual use of wood products from fuel reduction treatments within the WUI is primarily for in -home fuelwood (e.g., family/personal cooking, heating, etc.). Commercial use of the woody material from fuel reduction treatments is also primarily limited to fuelwood, and any commercial value of treatment by-products is not anticipated to significantly affect land treatment costs. For private land treatments to be both fiscally reasonable and timely, the Core Team investigated land treatment costs from a variety of sources. Equivalent land treatment costs are not directly available for the Pinal County WUI. Costs estimates for timbered lands within the WUI can average $12,000/acre on private parcels and slightly less than $600/acre for forested landscape treatments that produce a fire resilient stand appropriate for the habitat. Within non -timbered vegetative stands in the Pinal County WUI, the estimates for land treatment costs vary by vegetation type, geography, and distance from communities. The cost estimates for land treatments on non -timbered stands are based on per -acre estimates for thinning by hand, roller chopping, mastication, and other mechanical vegetative fuel treatments, including broadcast burning at $150 to $200 per acre for desert grasslands and $350 to $500 per acre for oak woodlands. Private land treatments in the WUI typically occur on small land parcels near power lines, structures, and other obstacles. In many cases, cut trees and slash cannot be piled and burned on small private land parcels, or it is not the preferred slash treatment by the owner of a small residential lot or by the local fire departments. Therefore, the Core Team recommends that slash from wildland fuel reduction treatments on small residential parcels be removed, whole or chipped, and transported to a disposal site. The Core Team does not oppose alternate vegetative treatments to achieve wildland vegetative fuel mitigation objectives, such as an experimental grazing program using primary grazers within the WUI adjacent to state or federal lands. It is recommended that fallow agricultural lands be restored through the planting of native vegetation species in accordance with the National Conservation Practice Standards, Range Planting,Code 550 (NRCS 2010). It is also recommended that firebreaks constructed on public and private lands to restrict wildland fire movement be maintained in accordance with the above -mentioned mitigation measures and stipulations on a rotating 2- or 3 -year interval, or as deemed necessary, to ensure the integrity of the firebreak through removal of fine and light vegetative fuels. Recent costs of fuels mitigation treatment on USFS lands within the WUI are estimated to be $100 per acre for mowing and $250 per acre for mastication. Approximate costs of fuels mitigation associated Pinal County Community Wildfire Protection Plan 84 June 2018 Section III.Community Mitigation Plan with forest treatments conducted by the USFS within the WUI are $350 per acre. If wildland fuel modification prescriptions require follow-up pile burning or herbicide application after vegetation treatment, the cost per acre could also include $50 to $100 for burning and $200 to $250 for foliar herbicide application (Mr. Chris Stetson, CNF, personal communication, March19, 2018). The Core Team recommends that, when available, wildland fuel modification projects be contracted to ADFFM through the use of the Department of Correction fire and fuels management crews to ensure that treatments are conducted in a timely fashion and at a reasonable cost. For example, the estimates of daily costs for a 20 -person labor crew and a chipper for a 100 -mile roundtrip to the project site by an ADFFM crew carrier as of February 2018, are as follows: •10 -hour day—$1,475.00 •12 -hour day—$1,655.00 These estimates are based on information provided by the ADFFM for the Fire and Fuels Crew treatments for both federal and nonfederal land (refer to Table 3.3). The ADFFM Fire and Fuels Crew does not remove hazard trees or provide "climbers" for pruning or segmented tree removal that is sometimes required on private lands. The Core Team does support and encourage local business development that will complement wildland fuel mitigation needs within federal and nonfederal lands of the WUI. Vegetative fuel mitigation costs for this CWPP are estimated to be $350 per acre for federal lands, which is comparable to the estimated cost of the ADFFM Fire and Fuels Crew and estimated fuel mitigation costs on adjacent federal lands. However, the availability of federal, state, and local funding for mitigation of wildland fire risk, enhanced response, and public education will influence the ability of the Core Team to meet the goals of the revised Pinal County CWPP. Table 3.3. Acres of Wildland Fuels Mitigation Treatment Conducted by ADFFM Fire and Fuels Crew during a 10 -Hour On -Site Workday Vegetation Association Average Treated Acres per Day Ponderosa pine/mixed conifer 0.5 to 1 Pinyon/juniper 1 to 2 Mesquite woodland 3 to 4 Oak woodland 3 to 4 y Riparian 1 to 2 (depending on fuel loading) Grassland 2 to 4 (depending on grass type and fuel loading) 1 .Alternate Federal,State,o r Private Land Wildland Fuel Modification Plan The Core Team recommends that private landowners who wish to adopt fuel modification plans other than those described in Table 3.1 have the plan prepared or certified by a professional forester, by a certified arborist, by other qualified individuals, or in conjunction with recommendations from local fire departments or fire districts to order to properly incorporate Firewise methods where appropriate. Fuel Pinal County Community Wildfire Protection Plan 85 June 2018 Section III. Community Mitigation Plan modification plans for federal and state lands within 0.5 mile of private lands may be prepared for wildlife and watershed benefits, such as the retention of large snags or vegetative patches of high wildlife value in areas more than 600 feet from private lands in which fire resiliency is not impaired and will not compromise public or firefighter safety. A fuel modification plan should identify the actions necessary to promote rangeland, wildlife, or watershed health and to help prevent the spread of fire to adjacent properties by establishing and maintaining defensible space. The action identified by the fuel modification plan should be completed before development of the property, and identified during project initiation. A fuel modification plan for federal and state lands will follow agency -specific procedures, standards, and guidelines. Fuel modification treatment plans for private land parcels should at least include the following information: •A copy of the site plan •Methods and timetables for controlling, changing, or modifying fuels on the properties in a timely and effective manner •Elements for removal of slash, snags, and vegetation that may grow into overhead electrical lines; removal of other ground fuels, ladder fuels, and diseased, dying, and dead trees; and thinning of live trees •Methods and timetables for controlling and eliminating diseased or insect -infested vegetation •A plan for the ongoing maintenance of the proposed fuel reduction and control measures for disease and insect infestations •A proposed vegetation management plan for groupings of parcels under multiple ownership that has been accepted by all individual owners (subject to compliance with Section III) HFRA was designed to expedite administrative procedures for conducting hazardous wildland fuel reduction and restoration projects on federal lands. Regardless of priority treatments selected for federal lands, an environmental assessment must be conducted for fuel reduction projects. Although HFRA creates a streamlined and improved process for reviewing fuel reduction and restoration treatments, it still requires that appropriate environmental assessments be conducted and that collaboration among participating parties is maintained (USDA and USDI 2004). The recommended treatments within this Pinal County CWPP have been developed to be consistent with state and federal land -management action alternatives, and are intended to reduce risks to communities caused by severe fires and to restore fire -adapted ecosystems. They facilitate efficient planning and decision -making for fuels mitigation treatments and habitat restoration on public and private lands (USFS 2000). C.Prevention and Loss Mitigation The Core Team intends this revised Pinal County CWPP to be used as a resource to help coordinate long-term interagency mitigation of potential catastrophic wildfire events in at -risk communities within Pinal County Community Wildfire Protection Plan 86 June 2018 Section III. Community Mitigation Plan Pinal County. For this Pinal County CWPP, the Core Team established specific revised goals for wildland fire prevention and loss mitigation as follows: •Improve fire prevention and suppression for firefighter and public safety and to protect private property •Promote community collaboration, involvement, and education •Recommend measures to reduce structural ignitability in the Pinal County WUI •Preserve the aesthetics and wildlife values within riparian areas •Restore forest and rangelands to historic conditions which support native plant and wildlife values as part of a fire resilient landscape •Identify funding needs and opportunities •Expedite project planning through partnerships with ADFFM, BLM, CNF, TNF, and private and public entities in managing wildfire risk within the WUI •Reduce economic impacts to local communities as a result of unwanted wildland fire This Pinal County CWPP will be reviewed annually and updated every 5 years, or as needed, for example, accomplishment of identified priorities or changes in local conditions. Successful implementation of this CWPP will require collaboration among numerous government entities and community interests. The PCOEM and Core Team have also discussed the advantage of working cooperatively with Salt River Project (SRP) and Arizona Public Service (APS) utility companies in maintaining acceptable wildland fuel conditions within SRP and APS existing utility corridor rights -of- ways and easements, within high risk areas of the WUI. The Core Team, APS, and SRP also recognize the benefits of working cooperatively to achieve acceptable wildland fuel conditions adjacent to APS and SRP easements and rights -of -ways. The Core Team recognizes existing agreements between SRP, APS, land management agencies, and private landowners for vegetative treatments within rights- of -ways and easements, and agree this Pinal County CWPP does not bind or obligate SRP and APS in maintenance of vegetative fuels outside their rights -of -ways or easements. The Core Team believes these agreements and resultant vegetative treatments are complimentary to the objectives of this Pinal County CWPP. Therefore, at the request of PCOEM and Core Team, APS and SRP have agreed to be included as signatories to this Pinal County CWPP and to become partners in implementation of action recommendations. The Core Team and collaborators have revised the "Action Recommendations and Implementation" from the 2009 Pinal County CWPP and proposed the revised action recommendations listed below to meet the goals of this revised Pinal County CWPP. 1.Administer and Implement the Pinal County CWPP The Core Team recommends establishing a Pinal County CWPP working group—composed of Pinal County fire chiefs, PCOEM, ADFFM, BLM, CNF, TNF, community members, concurring agencies, County and local planning and zoning departments to organize individual agency implementation of the Pinal County Community Wildfire Protection Plan 87 June 2018 Section III. Community Mitigation Plan recommendations for fuel modification, public outreach, protection capability, and structural ignitability within the Pinal County WUI, including fuel hazards removal on private lands within the WUI. 2.Improve Protection Capability and Reduction in Structural Ignitability The Core Team considers the risks of wildland fire igniting and spreading throughout the WUI a serious threat. The Core Team and collaborators believe that actions to reduce risk and promote effective responses to wildland fires must be undertaken. The following are recommendations prepared by the Core Team to enhance protection capabilities for at -risk communities within Pinal County: •Obtain one fully functional type 6 engine and one fully functional type 1 engine for wildland fire response by local fire departments and districts. •Obtain a medium -size water tender for use by local fire departments and districts •Improve additional water -storage tanks, wells, or other water sources for tender filling throughout the fire departments and districts; make them available and usable for aerial operations. •Improve water supply capacity within private water districts that support local fire departments •Maintain helicopter landing sites. Establish a countywide public emergency mass notification system. •Encourage fire departments and districts to participate in annual multiagency wildfire safety training before the fire season. •Encourage subdivisions and communities that are not within a fire department or district to take actions necessary to be annexed by an existing fire district to provide viable fire protection services. •Obtain a chipper/shredder, tub grinder, air curtain destructor, and other equipment necessary for treatment and processing of vegetative slash for use by local fire departments and districts for wildland fuel mitigation projects. •Obtain one multipurpose utility vehicle with attachments for chipping, brush cutting, and mini- water tending, such as the Bobcat Toolcat. •Implement / Update GIS (Geographic Information Systems) and GPS (Global Positioning System) software and laptops to update mapping capabilities of local fire departments and districts. •Arrange for the acquisition, operation, and maintenance of a green -waste disposal site within reasonable proximity to Pinal County communities and encourage the use of the disposal site for all vegetative material removed during wildland fuel treatments on private lands within the WUI. •Provide enhanced and coordinated firefighting training and equipment, such as personal protective equipment (PPE) and second -generation fire shelters, for newly certified wildland firefighters and volunteer firefighters. Pinal County Community Wildfire Protection Plan 88 June 2018 Section III. Community Mitigation Plan •Develop and maintain mutual -aid agreements with neighboring fire departments or districts for wildland and structural fire response support and other emergency response. •Meet annually with representatives from APS and SRP to mutually identify locations of needed vegetative treatments within rights -of -ways in high risk areas of the WUI and support the Core Team in obtaining grants and agreements necessary to implement vegetative fuel reduction projects adjacent to rights -of -ways. •Develop a pre -suppression plan with BLM, CNF and TNF along the boundary of the WUI. •Develop additional wildland fire preplans for all high -hazard locations across Pinal County where they have not been adopted. •Encourage and support local governments, Pinal County, and fire department/districts in fuel hazards removal including activities to mitigate the spread of non-native invasive grasses within the WUI including transportation corridors. •Develop intergovernmental agreements (IGAs) with Pinal County on nuisance -abatement projects located in high -hazard communities. •Meet annually, immediately before the fire season, to coordinate early suppression deployment and to determine training and equipment needs. Photograph 3.1. 2017 Roach Fire 3.Promote Community Involvement and Improved Public Education, Information,and Outreach Pinal County and the Core Team should continue developing and implementing public outreach programs to help create an informed citizenry. The goal is to have residents support concepts of fire -adapted communities, defensible space, and naturally functioning wildland systems through restoration management and rapid response to wildland fire. This Pinal County CWPP is intended to be a long-term strategic plan containing prescriptive recommendations to address hazardous fuels, enhance wildfire preparedness, and create fire -adapted communities. A grassroots collaborative Pinal County Community Wildfire Protection Plan 89 June 2018 Section III. Community Mitigation Plan structure of individual citizens, supported by local governments as full partners, will provide the most effective longterm means to achieve these goals and to maintain community momentum. The components of such a structure include the following recommendations: •Assist in implementing the Firewise Communities/USA Recognition program and the Fire Adapted Communities program in communities where the programs are supported by the local fire departments and districts. The Firewise and Fire Adapted Communities approach emphasizes community and individual responsibility for safer home construction and design, landscaping, and maintenance. The Core Team will also help identify high -priority communities that would most benefit from a Firewise and Fire Adapted Communities program. •Expand the use of current public information tools for fire -safe residential treatments as an immediate action step. This will be accomplished through information distributed via local government television channels; mailers to homeowners; presentations by the PCOEM, ADFFM, BLM, CNF, and TNF; the use of the Arizona Firewise Partners Public Information Trailer (BLM Tucson Field Office) at community events and local fire departments and districts; and through the development of specific promotional materials by the Core Team. •Place fire -danger information signs on major access roads throughout the WUI. Community bulletins and other public service announcements concerning wildfire threat and preparedness should be developed with assistance from ADFFM, BLM, CNF, TNF, and Pinal County. •Place and maintain bilingual wildfire caution signs within camping areas and access routes in select areas of the WUI. •Complete wildfire home assessments through the use of Redzone software, or an equivalent software system, and submit wildfire hazard mitigation strategies to landowners for each private property assessed within highest -risk communities. •Replace and maintain fencing adjacent to high -use and illegal off -road -vehicle use areas within or adjacent to the WUI. 4.Encourage Use of Woody Material from WUI Fuel Mitigation Programs The Core Team and its collaborators should continue to support and promote private contractors who perform Firewise or fire -safe mitigation work necessary to provide for defensible space and create fire -adapted communities. Final County should continue to support and promote new businesses involved in the wood -products market. Pinal County, local municipalities, CNF, TNF, BLM, and local fire departments and districts are committed to encouraging, as appropriate, the use of vegetative by- products from the WUI fuel management program for use by commercial entities or community service organizations. Possible by-product uses encouraged by the Core Team include the following: •Bagged mesquite wood for sale to visitor and larger -community markets as "campfire cooking" for commercial or personal culinary uses •Firewood marketed to local residents, visitors, and adjacent communities •Mesquite, pinyon pine, and juniper wood marketed for artwork, furniture, and other specialty wood products Pinal County Community Wildfire Protection Plan 90 June 2018 Section IV. Action Recommendations and Implementation IV.PINAL COUNTY CWPP 2018 PRIORITIES: ACTION RECOMMENDATIONS AND IMPLEMENTATION The Core Team reviewed the "CWPP Priorities: Action Recommendations and Implementation" developed for the 2009 Pinal County CWPP. The action recommendations were updated as needed to meet the revised Pinal County CWPP objectives (refer to Section III of this CWPP). This updated Pinal County CWPP is composed of a series of recommendations intended to reduce structural ignitability, improve fire prevention and suppression, and enhance public outreach that are based on the wildfire threat, wildfire effects, and wildfire risk assessment conducted by the Core Team. The Core Team recommends that projects implemented from these action recommendations be monitored for effectiveness in meeting Pinal County CWPP objectives. For the life of the Pinal County CWPP, recommendations for additional projects or wildland fuel mitigation treatments can be made on the basis of project performance from previously implemented projects. A.Administrative Oversight The 2009 Pinal County CWPP established a Working Group and an administrator to monitor implementation of the CWPP. Generally, the most efficient way to manage the mitigation of wildland fire risk in the WUI is through identifying, delegating, implementing, and then monitoring the action recommendations of the Pinal County CWPP. Establishing a unified approach to collaboratively implement the Pinal County CWPP will allow for embracing adaptive management principles that enhance decision making and reduce inconsistency at all levels of government. The Core Team recommends that the CWPP Working Group and concurring agencies work collaboratively toward accomplishing the recommendations for outreach and structural ignitability within the Pinal County WUI, which include fuel hazards removal on private lands within the WUI. It is recommended that the CWPP Working Group consist of representatives from local fire departments and districts and, as needed, representatives from the Fire Chief Association of Pinal County, ADFFM, PCOEM, CNF, TNF, BLM, county and local municipalities, and other concurring agencies. The Core Team may solicit representatives from communities that are not serviced by a fire department or district, as well as other interested individuals or agencies, to participate in the Working Group. The PCOEM would be the lead agency and would be responsible for coordinating the Working Group, producing monitoring reports, and making any updates to the CWPP. As established in the 2009 Pinal County CWPP, the charter of the Pinal County CWPP Working Group will be as follows: 1.Prioritize wildland fuel modification, structural ignitability, protection capability, and public outreach projects listed in the approved Pinal County CWPP on a countywide basis and review for possible reprioritization at least once annually, starting within 2 months of final Pinal County CWPP approval by ADFFM. Pinal County Community Wildfire Protection Plan 91 June 2018 Section IV. Action Recommendations and Implementation Note:Prioritization of fuel modification and community planning, outreach, and warning programs will be conducted by the Pinal County CWPP Working Group as a whole; recommendations for other projects involving firefighter training, equipment, communications, facilities, and apparatus will be made by the Pinal County Fire Officers Association representatives in the Pinal County CWPP Working Group. 2.Provide Pinal County and/or the Core Team the opportunity to participate in any burned area emergency response (BAER) Team established subsequent to a wildfire. 3.Support fire departments and districts or local governments and municipalities in the submittal of grant applications and the solicitation of other funding opportunities to implement wildland fuel modification, structural ignitability, protection capability, and public outreach projects established as priorities by the Pinal County CWPP Working Group. Note:Individual agencies will be able to seek letters of support from the Pinal County CWPP Working Group or partner agencies in applying for funding for projects identified as priorities by the Working Group. 4.Support fire departments and districts, local governments and municipalities, and community groups in the implementation of projects established as priorities by the Pinal County CWPP Working Group. 5.Conduct annual monitoring and reporting to provide information on additional measures necessary to meet Pinal County CWPP goals, including additional future recommendations from fire departments and districts and other agencies for inclusion in the priorities list. 6.Act as an advisory group to Pinal County Planning and Zoning and to developers in outlying areas to ensure adequate road conditions and to provide vegetation mitigation and landscaping recommendations, water supplies for emergency services, and recommendations for establishing and funding fire services and equipment in residential and commercial developments. 7.Recommend the establishment of fire services in grandfathered developments within the WUI when residential and commercial densities and vegetation/fuel-load factors reach levels that create a potential for high wildland fire risk to public and firefighter safety and private property protection. 8.Use the following general criteria for prioritizing proposed projects and action items: a.Geographic/fuel-load/residential density: i.The Top of the World, Oracle, Superior, and Queen Valley sub-WUls will receive long-term priority due to the vegetation type, high fuel load, ignition history, and threatened communities present. Pinal County Community Wildfire Protection Plan 92 June 2018 Section IV. Action Recommendations and Implementation ii.In any given year, the Pinal County CWPP Working Group will evaluate countywide weather, vegetation, and fuel -load conditions and projections, as well as current residential and commercial densities, to determine short-term priority adjustments for projects in all WUI areas of the county for that year. iii.In any given year, the Pinal County CWPP Working Group will evaluate the progress of new developments and any increases to residential and commercial densities to determine potential needs and priorities within the WUI for the next 3 years following that given year. b.Categorical/functional criteria—priorities will generally be established in the order listed below; these priorities are subject to review and change by the Pinal County CWPP Working Group on an ongoing basis: i.Fuel modification projects (first priorities will be for those projects within fire department and fire district, CNF, TNF, BLM, or ADFFM jurisdictions) ii.Enhanced wildland firefighter training and acquisition of personal protective equipment (PPE) iii.Wildland fire suppression equipment and tools, including brush engines and tenders iv.Water -storage sites and supply facilities v.Community planning and outreach activities, including warning signs/systems, identification/ improvement of evacuation routes vi.Radios for primary use by trained and designated wildland fire crews vii. Helicopter pads for firefighter deployment or evacuation viii. Structural fire engines ix.Fire stations in areas with sufficiently high threat and population densities as determined annually by the Pinal County CWPP Working Group. x.Other communications projects The agencies involved in the formation of this plan support local community efforts and are encouraged to work with the communities toward accomplishing action items. BLM, CNF, TNF, ADFFM,PCOEM, local municipalities, fire departments and districts, in coordination with the established Working Group, would collaborate on fuel mitigation projects within the WUI on lands managed by local, state,and federal government agencies, as well as those on private lands. The Core Team and the proposed Working Group encourage and support agencies, municipalities, and local fire departments and districts in obtaining grants and soliciting opportunities to implement wildland fuel mitigation projects on private lands and to support public information, education, and outreach within the WUI. Successful award of grant funds is necessary to implement the action recommendations for private land treatments, mitigation projects for reduced structural ignitability, firefighting response, and public outreach. The Core Team also encourages soliciting grants and other funding to construct and maintain fuelbreaks as well as broader applications of wildland fuel mitigation projects within and adjacent to the WUI. Pinal County Community Wildfire Protection Plan 93 June 2018 Section IV. Action Recommendations and Implementation Monitoring and reporting conducted by the Working Group would provide information on additional measures necessary to meet Pinal County CWPP goals. B.Priorities for Mitigation of Hazardous Wildland Fuels Table 4.1 displays the priorities for wildland fuel treatments within the WUls as recommended by the Core Team. These action recommendations would assist in reducing wildfire potential. The Core Team recognizes that not all acres within a high -risk landscape can be treated. Site -specific analysis would determine treatment acres and methods that meet forest and rangeland restoration objectives and enhance community preparedness for wildland fire. Table 4.1. Action recommendations for wildland fuel modification Treatment Management Unit Location and description Project partners Estimated treatment costa QV2 SP2 Lands adjacent the community of Queen Valley Lands adjacent the community of Superior and Boyce Thompson Arboretum TVV2 Lands adjacent the community of Top of the World KR4 General vicinity north and south of the Town of Kearny DV3 Lands adjacent the Town of Dudleyville MM2 Pinal County, PCOEM, MLC, ADFFM, BLM and TNF Pinal County, PCOEM, MLC, TNF, ADFFM and Superior Fire Department Pinal County, PCOEM, TNF and ADFFM Final County, PCOEM, MLC, ADFFM, BLM and Kearny Fire Department Pinal County, PCOEM, MLC, ADFFM, BLM and Dudleyville Fire District Lands associated with Gila River Pinal County, PCOEM, MLC, corridor adjacent to residences ADFFM, BLM, and Mammoth Fire District 685 high -risk acres = $239,750; $47,950 / year for 5 years (FY 2019 to 2024). Estimate based on $350/acre average cost. 761 high -risk acres = $266,350; $53,270 / year for 5 years (FY 2019 to 2024). Estimate based on $350/acre average cost. 373 high -risk acres = $130,550; $26,110 / year for 5 years (FY 2019 to 2024). Estimate based on $350/acre average cost. 1,890 high -risk acres = $661,500; $132,300 / year for 5 years (FY 2019 to 2024). Estimate based on $350/acre average cost. 2,051 high -risk acres = $717,850; $143,570 / year for 5 years (FY 2019 to 2024). Estimate based on $350/acre average cost. 665 high -risk acres = $232,750; $46,550 / year for 5 years (FY 2019 to 2024). Estimate based on $350/acre average cost. Note:ADFFM = Arizona Department of Forestry and Fire Management; ASLD = Arizona State Land Department; BLM =Bureau of Land Management; FY = fiscal year; MLC = Municipalities and local communities, PCOEM = Pinal County Office of Emergency Management; TNF = Tonto National Forest. aTotal acres to be treated during the life of the plan; acres estimated to be treated will be based on site -specific analysis, which will determine actual acres available for treatment in each area. Verification of actual cost will be needed based on site conditions. Pinal County Community Wildfire Protection Plan 94 June 2018 Section IV. Action Recommendations and Implementation C.Identified Action Items for Protection Capability and Reduced Structural Ignitability The Core Team has developed action recommendations to enhance community wildfire preparation and response facilities, capabilities, and equipment necessary to meet fire adapted community goals. Table 4.2 lists the identified action items proposed by the Core Team for consideration by individual fire departments and districts for reduced structural ignitability and public outreach within their respective jurisdictions. Table 4.3 lists the future recommendations for wildland fire protection and reduced ignitability. After the ADFFM's final approval of the Pinal County CWPP, the Working Group would meet to review projects for the upcoming year and, thereafter, would meet annually or as necessary to reevaluate projects and revise priorities as needed. Such prioritization by the Working Group would not impinge on or interfere with the fire departments' and districts' opportunities to independently seek funding for projects within their jurisdictions. Table 4.2. Action recommendations for structural ignitability and public outreach Project partner Pinal County, PCOEM,MLC,TNF, CNF, ADDFM, ASLD, and fire departments and districts Recommendation type 1.2 Wildland Fire Protection and Reduced Ignitability 1.3 Enhanced Public Education, Information, and Outreach Specific recommendation Construct a series of 5,000 -gal water -storage facilities located strategically throughout residential areas Work with land agencies for the acquisition, operation, and maintenance of a green -waste disposal site within reasonable proximity to comm unity Estimated cost Install water -storage facility/year: $5,000/facility Locate and coordinate with land -management agency; excavate pit and fence: $20,000 Timeline Locate and install 1 water -storage facility each year for three years beginning FY2020 Begin planning with agencies in FY 2018/2019; implement in FY 2020/2021 Pinal County, PCOEM, MLC, TNF, CNF, ADFFM, ASLD, and fire departments and districts 1.2 Wildland Fire Protection and Reduced Ignitability Obtain 10 handheld programmable radios for firefighter dispatch and communication King digital programmable handheld radios, $1,380/radio: $13,800 Obtain grant funding in 2019 Pinal County,1.3 Enhanced Public PCOEM, MLC, TNF,Education, CNF, ADFFM, ASLD,Information, and and fire departments Outreach and districts Develop a fire -safety awareness program for community groups Create fire -safety and fire -awareness posters for public places Promote and conduct a community fire- awareness day at local fire departments and districts: $2,000 Development, printing, and distribution costs: $5,000 Solicit funds for promotion, brochures, and event materials in 2018/2019; conduct in 2020 Solicit funds for production and printing in 2018/2019; conduct in 2020 Note:ADFFM = Arizona Department of Forestry and Fire Management; ASLD = Arizona State Land Department; CNF = Coronado National Forest; FY = fiscal year; MLC = Municipalities and local communities, PCOEM = Pinal County Office of Emergency Management; MLCTNF = Tonto National Forest. a Projects are designated by project type (E = equipment; A = administrative) but not ranked in order of importance. Pinal County Community Wildfire Protection Plan 95 June 2018 Section IV. Action Recommendations and Implementation Table 4.3. Future Recommendations for Wildland Fire Protection and Reduced Ignitability Project Partner Projecta Equipment/Expense Timeline Pinal County, PCOEM, ADFFM, USFS, and associated fire departments and districts Pinal County, PCOEM, MLC, ADFFM, USFS, and associated fire departments and districts Pinal County, PCOEM, MLC, ADFFM, CNF, TNF, BLM, and associated fire departments and districts Pinal County, PCOEM, MLC, ADFFM, CNF, TNF, BLM, and associated fire departments and districts Pinal County, PCOEM, MLC, ADFFM, CNF, TNF, BLM, APS, SRP and associated fire departments and distncts Final County, PCOEM, MLC, ADFFM, TNF, BLM, and associated fire departments and districts E1—Obtain a medium -size water tender to 1,500 -gal water tenders, better able traverse rural landscape than larger 4 -wheel drive: $65,000 units I1—Retrofit existing wells or water supplies for local fire department/district use (outlet pipes, valves, and hose thread adaptors); maintain sites; cost -share hose and nozzle for immediate protection at site Al—Develop and maintain written mutual -aid agreements with neighboring fire departments and districts for wildland fire, structure fire, and other emergency response A2—Work with Pinal County to develop a notification and evacuation plan for the community A3—Work with SRP and APS on vegetative management treatments within and adjacent to utility corridors where opportunities exist A4—Develop a pre -suppression plan with USFS, BLM,ADFFM and local fire departments and districts in areas near Top of the World and Oracle. Pipe and valve installation and site maintenance: $10,000 initial, $2,500 annually Staff time, coordination efforts, research, and meetings: $5,000 Acquire tender in FY 2020; assess additional tender needs in FY 2021 Begin in FY 2018/2019; maintain annually Inventory existing agreements; determine deficiencies and implement any needed agreements in FY 2018 Staff time, coordination efforts,Begin planning in research, and meetings: $5,000 FY 2018/2019; implement in FY 2019 Staff time, coordination efforts,Begin planning in research, and meetings: $5,000 FY 2018/2019; implement in FY 2020 Staff time, coordination efforts,Begin planning in research, and meetings: $5,000 FY 2019; implement in FY 2020 Note:ADFFM = Arizona Department of Forestry and Fire Management; APS = Arizona Public Service; ADFFM = Arizona Department of Forestry and Fire Management; BLM = Bureau of Land Management; CNF = Coronado National Forest; FY = fiscal year; MLC = Municipalities and local governments, PCOEM = Pinal County Office of Emergency Management; SRP = Salt River Project; TNF = Tonto National Forest; USFS = US Forest Service. a Projects are designated by project type (E = equipment;I =Infrastructure; A = administrative) but not ranked in order of importance. D.Priorities for Promoting Community Involvement through Education, Information,and Outreach PCOEM and the Working Group would collaborate on implementation of public outreach and education programs for residents to heighten awareness and understanding of the threat that wildland fire poses to the communities and to further fire -adapted community and defensible space goals of the 2018 Pinal County CWPP Pinal County Community Wildfire Protection Plan 96 June 2018 Section IV. Action Recommendations and Implementation Table 4.4 lists the Core Team's priority recommendations for promoting community involvement. Additional programs that could be used or developed to enhance community outreach and education may be implemented in the future. Project partners would include Pinal County, PCOEM, m, CNF, TNF, BLM, ADFFM, and associated fire departments and districts The Working Group would use the resources of the ADFFM and BLM for additional public education programs and community outreach. Community bulletins and other public service announcements concerning wildfire threat and preparedness should be developed with assistance from local fire departments and districts, ADFFM, and BLM. Table 4.4. Future Recommendations for Enhanced Public Education, Information, and Outreach Project Equipment/Expense Timeline Establish and maintain roadside fire -danger warning signs and other informational and directional road signs along major roads as determined by the Pinal County Fire Officers Association Create and distribute community bulletin Acquire Redzone or equivalent software and field data recorders or PDAs to complete home fire assessments and implement fire -safe recommendations Encourage private businesses that perform Firewise land treatments; encourage market development of WUI by- products from vegetative fuel mitigation programs Replace and maintain fencing adjacent to high OHV use areas Construction and placement: $5,000 Development, printing, and distribution costs: $5,000 Software and data recorder: $1,300 Assessment completion: $2,000 Marketing plan to be developed Assess in 2019, initial plan for 1 mile of new or repaired fencing Construct and implement in FY 2018/19 Develop in FY 2019; distribute continually Acquire software and complete assessments in FY 2019; implement recommendations in FY 2020 Initiate community marketing planning meetings in FY 2019 Estimate $6,000 per mile of standard 4 -wire fencing Note:ADFFM = Arizona Department of Forestry and Fire Management; BLM = Bureau of Land Management; CNF = Coronado National Forest; FY = fiscal year; MLC = Municipalities and local governments, OHV = off -highway vehicle; PCOEM = Pinal County Office of Emergency Management; PDAs = personal digital assistants; TNF = Tonto National Forest; WUI = wildland-urban interface. Pinal County Community Wildfire Protection Plan 97 June 2018 Section IV. Action Recommendations and Implementation This Page Intentionally Left Blank Pinal County Community Wildfire Protection Plan 98 June 2018 Section V. Monitoring Plan V.MONITORING PLAN Monitoring following implementation of the action recommendations is essential to ensure that the revised goals of the 2018 Pinal County CWPP are met. It is recommended that the CWPP Working Group will monitor the progress of the revised CWPP action recommendations to determine the effectiveness of ongoing and completed projects in meeting the revised Pinal County objectives, as well as to recommend future projects necessary to meet the 2018 Pinal County CWPP revised goals. In accordance with Section 102.g.5 of HFRA, communities within Pinal County would be provided an opportunity to participate in any multiparty monitoring program established by other interested parties, such as state and federal agencies, and would be allowed to assess progress toward meeting the 2018 Pinal County CWPP objectives. The Core Team believes that participation in multiparty monitoring would provide effective and meaningful ecological and socioeconomic feedback on fuel modification and treatment projects. Multiparty monitoring would also help BLM, ADFFM, PCOEM, ASLD, Pinal County municipalities, and fire departments and districts better plan future land- management projects. The Pinal County CWPP administrators may request participation in any post -wildfire analysis and BAER planning effort with lead state or federal agencies. Immediate post -wildfire analysis and planning is essential to Pinal County to protect public safety from possible flood and debris flows, municipal watershed pollution, and other post -wildfire habitat and community impacts. This section details the performance measures that would be used to assess the effectiveness of implementing the 2018 Pinal County CWPP action recommendations. Monitoring would include assessing and evaluating the implementation of individual fuel modification and treatment projects and a given project's effectiveness in furthering the 2018 Pinal County CWPP objectives. A.Administrative Oversight,Monitoring, and Pinal County CWPP Reporting The Pinal County CWPP Working Group—composed of representatives from the Fire Chiefs Association of Pinal County, PCOEM, CNF, TNF, ADFFM, and BLM as well as local fire departments and districts, county and local municipalities, and other concurring agencies —would mutually assist in conducting and monitoring Pinal County CWPP action recommendations. The CWPP Core Team should identify available grants and other funding mechanisms needed to finance implementation of the 2018 Pinal County CWPP action recommendations. Grant information should be routinely searched to identify updated grant application cycles. Potential grant and funding resources are listed in Appendix A of this CWPP. Following project review, the PCOEM, in coordination with the CWPP Working Group, should report on the outcome of the project implementation and overall progress toward meeting Pinal County CWPP goals. The Core Team should report to the revised CWPP signatories any successful grant awards received for implementing the Pinal County CWPP action recommendations. The Core Team report should include recommendations to the revised CWPP signatories for updating the Community Pinal County Community Wildfire Protection Plan 99 June 2018 Section V. Monitoring Plan Mitigation Plan and the Prevention and Loss Mitigation Plan portions of the revised Pinal County CWPP. The Core Team report should support timely decision -making for all levels of government and would provide input necessary for developing future work plans and for prioritizing project recommendations over the life of this Pinal County CWPP. Appendix B provides information on the data used in the analysis of this Pinal County CWPP and the appropriate contacts for updating the CWPP. Once the Pinal County CWPP is updated, it will be submitted to the PCOEM, ADFFM, all participating fire departments and districts, and municipal governments for adoption and signature as a planning document; it would also be provided to CNF, TNF, and BLM for concurrence. Once adoption, signature, and concurrence are achieved, the action recommendations of the updated Pinal County CWPP are to be referenced for funding as part of HFRA, and other available funding sources. B.Effectiveness Monitoring Table 5.1 outlines the performance measures that the Core Team should use to monitor and assess status in meeting current Pinal County CWPP performance goals. The CWPP Working Group should assess the current status of wildland fuel hazards and look for any new or developing issues not covered by the 2018 Pinal County CWPP. As new issues arise, such as new invasive -species infestations, this Pinal County CWPP should be updated or amended as necessary to include any further risks and recommendations for treatment needed to meet Pinal County CWPP goals. To help track fuel treatments being planned and completed through local, state, and federal programs, the CWPP administrators should cooperatively provide detailed mapping information to the ADFFM office. Table 5.1. Performance measures to assess Pinal County CWPP progress Goal Performance measure Improve fire prevention and suppression Reduction of wildland fire occurrence and acres burned (unplanned) in the WUI: •PCOEM has implemented an emergency notification (autophone redial system) and evacuation plan. •Wildland fire preplans for all high -hazard locations across Pinal County have been adopted. •Local fire departments and districts have developed IGAs with Pinal County on nuisance- abatement projects located in high -hazard communities. •Effectiveness monitoring of fire prevention and suppression will include the following: — Acres burned and degree of severity of wildland fire — Percentage of wildland fire controlled on initial attack — Number of homes and structures lost to wildland fire •New water sources developed in key areas. •Consistent fire training in use •Wildland firefighter PPE acquired as needed. •Mutual -aid agreements with neighboring fire departments and districts updated and approved. Pinal County Community Wildfire Protection Plan 100 June 2018 Section V. Monitoring Plan Goal Performance measure Reduce hazardous vegetative fuels Effective treatment of high -risk areas effectively by acre: •Number of treated acres of nonfederal WUI lands that are in VCC or 3 are identified as high priorities by the Pinal County CWPP and should be moved to VCC 1 or another acceptable level of wildland fuel loading and continuity. •Acres treated to acceptable fuel levels within priority treatment management areas. •Total acres treated through any fuel reduction measures, including prescribed fire, that are conducted in, or adjacent to, the WUI. The change of condition class should be determined for small projects or treatment areas through the use of the LANDFIRE database. Restore Acres of fuel reduction or watershed enhancement treatments that meet restoration treatment guidelines watershed for riparian habitats: health •Coordination with and support of PCOEM, ADFFM, ASLD, and BLM in implementing and determining social, economic, and environmental effects of riparian restoration treatments (Treatments 7 and 9, see Section III, Table 3.1). •Acres of saltcedar-invaded riparian areas identified and undergoing restoration treatments. Promote community involvement Initiation of public outreach programs: •Countywide community CWPP Working Group initiated. •Public outreach programs and promotions implemented to enhance volunteer efforts to reduce hazardous fuels. •Number and areas (community or dispersed residents) of private landowners supporting and implementing fuel reduction projects. •PCOEM and local fire departments and districts developed and implemented evacuation plans for identified high -risk areas. •Individual home assessments completed in WUI boundary high -risk areas. •Roadside fire -danger warning signs in English and Spanish installed at strategic points within the WUI. •Green -waste disposal and processing site secured and operational. •Fire -awareness articles printed in local newspapers. •Fire -safety awareness program, posters, and information available in public places. Encourage Wood products industry growth and diversification to use all sizes of material removed by fuel economic reduction treatments: development •Number of value-added wood products developed by the community. •Number of new markets (local firewood sales) for local products created. Note:ADFFM = Arizona Department of Forestry and Fire Management; ASLD = Arizona State Land Department; BLM =Bureau of Land Management; IGA = intergovernmental agreement; PCOEM = Pinal County Office of Emergency Management; PPE = personal protective equipment; WUI = wildland-urban interface Pinal County Community Wildfire Protection Plan 101 June 2018 Section V. Monitoring Plan This Page Intentionally Left Blank. Pinal County Community Wildfire Protection Plan 102 June 2018 Section VI. References VI.REFERENCES Anderson, H. E. 1982.Aids to Determining Fuel Models for Estimating Fire Behavior.INT-122. National Wildlife Coordinating Group, Washington, DC. Arizona Commerce Authority. 2015.Arizona Commerce Authority website. http://www.azcommerce.corn. Arizona Department of Forestry and Fire Management (ADFFM). 2009.Arizona -Identified Communities at Risk - December 2008.https://dffm.az.00v/2009-communities-risk-list.Posted January 2009, accessed January 2018. Arizona Department of Forestry and Fire Management (ADFFM). 2004.Arizona Midland Urban Interface Assessment.http://www.azstatefire.org. . 2007.Identifying Arizona's Wild/and/Urban Interface Communities at Risk: A Guide for State and Federal Land Managers. . 2009. AZ Fires 1990 — 2015. Spreadsheet. . 2010a.Arizona Forest Resource Assessment.June 18. . 2010b.Arizona Forest Resource Strategy.June 18.Arizona Wildlands Invasive Plant Working Group (AZ-WIPWG). 2005.Invasive Non -Native Plants that Threaten Wild/ands in Arizona: A Categorized List Developed by the Arizona Wild/and Invasive Plant Working Group.August. Arizona Wildfire Risk Assessment Portal (AZWRAP). 2017.Pinal County Wildfire Risk Assessment Summary Report. Brooks, M. L. 2008. Plant Invasions and Fire Regimes. In Wild/and Fire in Ecosystems: Fire and Nonnative Invasive Plants,edited by K. Zouhar, J. K. Smith, S. Sutherland, and M. L. Brooks, 33-46. General Technical Report RMRS-GTR-42-vol. 6. USDA, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station., Ogden, UT. Brooks, M., and M. Lusk. 2008.Fire Management and Invasive Plans: A Handbook.US Fish and Wildlife Service, Arlington VA. Burgan, R. E. 1988.1988 Revisions to the 1978 National Fire Danger Rating System.Research Paper SE -273. USFS, Southeastern Forest Experiment Station, Asheville, NC. Communities Committee of the Seventh American Forest Congress, Society of American Foresters, the National Association of State Foresters (NASF), the National Association of Counties, and the Western Governors Association (WGA). 2004.Preparing a Community Wildfire Protection Plan: A Handbook for Wild/and-Urban Interface Communities. Pinal County Community Wildfire Protection Plan 103 June 2018 Section VI. References . 2008.Community Guide to Preparing and Implementing a Community Wildfire Protection Plan. A Supplemental Guide to Preparing a Community Wildfire Protection Plan: A Handbook for Wild/and-Urban Interface Communities. Fire Adapted Communities. 2018.What is a Fire Adapted Community?https://fireadapted.ord/. Accessed January 2018. Fire Adapted Communities Learning Network. 2018.Fire Adapted Communities Learning Network https://fireadaptednetwork.orq/.Accessed January 2018. Fire and Aviation Management. 2018.National Fire and Aviation Management Web Application (FAMWEB).https://fam.nwmgov/fam-web/.Accessed January 2018. Fire Regime Condition Class (FRCC) Interagency Working Group. 2005a. "Potential Natural Vegetation Group (BpS) Descriptions."Fire Regime Condition Class (FRCC) Interagency Handbook Reference Conditions. http://www.frames.gov/files/7313/8388/1679/FRCC Guidebook 2010 final.pdf. . 2005b.Interagency Fire Regime Condition Class Guidebook.Version 1.2. http://www.frcc.gov/docs/1.2.2.2/Complete Guidebook V1.2.pdf. -. 2010.Interagency Fire Regime Condition Class Guidebook.Version 3.0. September. httb://www.fire.ord/nifttireleased/FROC Guidebook 2010 final.pdf. Governor's Forest Health Councils, State of Arizona. 2007.Statewide Strategy for Restoring Arizona's Forests,edited by E. Aumack, T Sisk, and J. Palumbo. Arizona Public Service, Phoenix. June. Heinsch, Faith Ann., and Patricia L. Andrews. 2010. "Fire Characteristics Charts for Fire Behavior and U.S. Fire Danger Rating." In Proceedings of 3rd Fire Behavior and Fuels Conference, October 25-29, 2010, Spokane, Washington.International Association of Wildland Fire, Birmingham, AL. Hendricks, D. M. 1985.Arizona Soils.College of Agriculture, University of Arizona. Tucson. Ingalsbee, Timothy. 2010.Getting Burned a Taxpayer's Guide to Wildfire Suppression Costs. Firefighters United for Safety, Ethics, and Ecology (FUSEE).www.fusee.org. International Association of Fire Chiefs (IAFC). 2018. "Fire Adapted,"Wildland. https://www.iafc.org/topics-and-tools/wildland/fire-adapted.Accessed January 2018. International Association of Fire Chiefs (IAFC). 2018. Ready, Set, Go!http://www.wildlandfirersa.orW. Accessed January 2018. Pinal County Community Wildfire Protection Plan 104 June 2018 Section VI. References Karl, T. R., J. M. Melillo, and T. C. Peterson (eds.). 2009.Global Climate Change Impacts in the United States.Cambridge University Press, NY. fireadapted.org LANDFIRE. 2018.Vegetation Condition Class (VCC) Fire Regime Data. http://www.landfire.qov/NationalProductDescriptions10.php.Accessed January 2018. Logan Simpson. 2018.Wildfire Risk Analysis data.Tempe, AZ. National Association of State Foresters. 2003.Field Guidance: Identifying and Prioritizing Communities at Risk.http://www.stateforesters.ora/field-quidance-identifyina-and-prioritizinq-communities- risk-iune-2003 National Fire Protection Association (NFPA). 2018a."Firewise USA," Public Education. https://www.nfpa.orq/Public-Education/By-topic/VVildfire/Firewise-USA.Accessed January 2018. . 2018b.Firewise USA Sites, Aravaipa Canyon West.https://www.nfpa.orq/Public-Education/By- topicNVildfire/Firewise-USA/Firewise-USA-Resources/Firewise-USA-sites.Accessed January 2018. National Interagency Fire Center (NIFC). 2003.Fire Regime Condition Class Definition. https://www.nifc.qov/prevEdu/comm quide/appendix/2BACKGROUND FrccDefinitionsFinal.pdf. Accessed January 2018. National Wildfire Coordinating Group (NWCG). 2012.Glossary of Wild/and Fire Terminology.PMS 205. July 2012. . 2017.Wildland Urban Interface Wildfire Mitigation Desk Reference Guide.PMS 051. May 2017. National Resources Conservation Service (NRCS). 2002.National Conservation Practice Standards, Range Planting.Code 550. http://www.nrcs.usda.qov/wps/portal/nrcs/detailfull/national/technical/ . 2011.MLRA Explorer Custom Report. D -Western Range and Irrigated Region 41 -Southeastern Arizona Basin and Range 40 -Sonoran Basin and Range 38-Mogollon Transition.USDA Agriculture Handbook 296.http://soils.usda.giv/MLRAExplorer.Accessed November 2013. Presidential Policy. 2002.Healthy Forests: An Initiative for Wildfire Prevention and Stronger Communities.August 22. Rehm, R. G., A. Hamins, H. R. Baum, K. B. McGrattan, D. D. Evans, 2002.Community-Scale Fire Spread.NIST Report NISTIR 6891. National Institute of Standards and Technology. Rothermel, RC. 1983.How to Predict the Spread and Intensity of Forest and Range Fires.General Technical Report INT-143. USFS, Intermountain Research Station. Ogden, UT. Pinal County Community Wildfire Protection Plan 105 June 2018 Section VI. References Schmidt, K. M., J. P. Menakis, C. C. Hardy, W. J. Hann, and D. L. Bunnell. 2002.Development of Coarse -Scale Spatial Data for Wildland Fire and Fuel Management.RMRS-87. USFS, Washington, DC. Scott, Joe H. 2012.Introduction to Wildfire Behavior Modeling. National Interagency Fuels, Fire, & Vegetation Technology Transfer.www.niftt.qov. Scott, J. H., and R. E. Burgan. 2005.Standard Fire Behavior Fuel Models: A Comprehensive Set for Use with Rothermel's Surface Fire Spread Model.Gen. Tech. Rep. RMRS-GTR-153. USDA, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO. Southwest Strategy. 2009.Southwest Community Wildfire Protection Plan Guide. http://fire.az.qov/UserFiles/PDF/wildfire plan quide.pdf. Stephens, S.L., J. K. Agee, P. Z. Fule, M. P. North, W. H. Romme, T. W. Swetnam, M. G. Turner. 2013. Managing Forests and Fire in Changing Climates.Science. Vol. 342. October 2013. Superstition Fire & Medical District. 2009.Plats by Fire Management Zones.(Superstition Fire & Medical District formerly known as Apache Junction Fire District). Swetnam, T. and Baisan, C. 1996. "Historical fire regime patterns in the southwestern United States since AD 1700." In Fire Effects in Southwestern Forest: Proceedings of the 2nd La Mesa Fire Symposium,edited by C.D. Allen, 11-32. USFS, Rocky Mountain Research Station, General Technical Report RM-GTR-286. US Census Bureau. 2010.Population and housing data.October 2015. US Department of Agriculture (USDA). 2012.Climate Change and Agriculture in the US: An Assessment of Effects and Potential for Adaption.Technical Submission to the National Climate Assessment 2012. US Department of Agriculture and US Department of the Interior (USDA and USD!). 2001a. "Urban Wildland Interface Communities within the Vicinity of Federal Lands That Are at High Risk from Wildfire."Federal Register 66(3): 751-777. January 4. .2001b. Urban Wildland Interface Communities within the Vicinity of Federal Lands That Are at High Risk from Wildfire.Federal Register 66(160): 43383-43435. August 17. . 2005.Wildland Fire Use Implementation Procedures Reference Guide. May. . 2009.Guidance for Implementation of Federal Wildland Fire Management Policy.February 13. http://www.nifc.qov/policies/policies documents/GIFWFMP.pdf. Pinal County Community Wildfire Protection Plan 106 June 2018 Section VI. References . 2017.Federal Wildland Fire Occurrence Internet Mapping Service website and database. https://wildfire.crusgs.00v/firehistory/. US Bureau of Land Management (BLM). 2004a.Approved Arizona Statewide Land Use Plan Amendment for Fire, Fuels, and Air Quality Management and Decision Record. . 2004b.Wildland Fire Suppression (Including Wildland Fire Use) and Rehabilitation in Riparian and Aquatic Habitats (RA). . 2004.The Healthy Forests Initiative and Healthy Forests Restoration Act Interim Field Guide. FS -799. February. 2013.Arizona BLM Gila District Fire Management Plan.Gila Fire Planning Unit. US Forest Service (USFS). 1983.The 1978 National Fire -Danger Rating System: Technical Documentation.General Technical Report INT-169. USFS, Intermountain Forest and Range Experiment Station, Ogden, UT. July. . 2000.USDA Forest Service Handbook 1909.Washington, DC. . 2007. Amendment 25 to the 1985 Tonto National Forest Plan. USFS, Southwestern Region. http://www.resolutionmineeis.us/sites/default/files/references/usfs-tonto-forest-plan-1985.pdf. . 2010. Wildland Urban Interface (WUI ). In FSM 5100— Fire Management,Chapter 5140.5 (Definitions). USFS, Southwest Region. . 2011.Landscape Conservation and Restoration Strategic Action Plan.USFS, Southwest Region. January 31. . 2013. Coronado National Forest Wildland Fire Management Plan. Coronado National Forest Fire Management. US Forest Service and Bureau of Land Management (USFS and BLM). 2002.A Collaborative Approach for Reducing Wildland Fire Risks to Communities and the Environment: 10 -Year Comprehensive Strategy Implementation Plan.Western Governors' Association. August. US Geological Survey (USGS) National GAP Analysis Program. 2005.Southwest Regional GAP Analysis Project—Land Cover Data Legend Descriptions.RS/GIS Laboratory, College of Natural Resources, Utah State University.http://ftp.nrusu.edu/swqap/ledend desc.html. Westerling, A. L., H. G. Hidalgo, D. R. Cayan, and T. W. Swetnam. 2006. "Warming and Earlier Spring Increase Western U.S. Forest Wildfire Activity."Science 313(5789): 940-943. Pinal County Community Wildfire Protection Plan 107 June 2018 Section VI. References Western Governors' Association. 2010.Forest Health Landscape -Scale Restoration Recommendations.Forest Health Advisory Committee. December. http://www.westaov.orq/initiatives/foreSthealth. Wildland Fire Leadership Council (VVFLC). 2002. Resources: Polices and Guidelines. In National Fire Plan.http://www.fireplan.qov/resources/policies. accessed 2013 2012. A National Cohesive Wildland Fire Management Strategy -Phase II National Report. Washington, DC. Wild Mountain Fire and Forestry. 2009.Central Navajo County Wildfire Protection Plan. Zouhar, K. 2003. Tamarix spp.Fire Effects Information System.USFS, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory.http://www.fs.fed.us/databasefieis/.Accessed May 6, 2013. Pinal County Community Wildfire Protection Plan 108 June 2018 Section VI. Declaration of Agreement and Concurrence VII.DECLARATION O F AGREEMENT AND CONCURRENCE The following partners in the development of the 2018 Pinal County Community Wildfire Protection Plan have reviewed and do mutually agree or concur with its contents: Agreement Pinal County Board of Supervisors Date City of Casa Grande Date City of Apache Junction Date Town of Florence Date Town of Kearny Date City of Maricopa Date Town of Superior Date Town of Coolidge Date Arizona Public Service Company Date Pinal County Community Wildfire Protection Plan 109 June 2018 Section VI. Declaration of Agreement and Concurrence Salt River Project Date Arizona City Fire District Date Avra Valley Fire District Date Casa Grande Fire Department Date Coolidge Fire Department Date Dudleyville Fire District Date Eloy Fire District Date Florence Fire Department Date Kearny Fire Department Date Mammoth Fire District Date Maricopa Fire Department Date Pinal County Community Wildfire Protection Plan 110 June 2018 Section VI. Declaration of Agreement and Concurrence North Hidden Valley Fire Department Date Oracle Fire District Date Pinal Rural Fire Rescue and Medical District Date Queen Valley Fire District Date Regional Fire District Date San Manuel Fire District Date Stanfield Fire District Date Superior Fire Department Date Superstition Fire and Medical District Date Thunderbird Fire District Date Pinal County Community Wildfire Protection Plan 111 June 2018 Section VI. Declaration of Agreement and Concurrence CONCURRENCE Arizona State Forester Date Arizona Department of Forestry and Fire Management Phoenix District Manager Date Bureau of Land Management Gila District Manager Date Bureau of Land Management Globe District Ranger Date Tonto National Forest Mesa District Ranger Date Tonto National Forest Catalina District Ranger Date Coronado National Forest Pinal County Community Wildfire Protection Plan 112 June 2018 Section VIII. Glossary of Fire Management Terms VIII.GLOSSARY OF FIRE MANAGEMENT TERMS A Aerial Fuels:All live and dead vegetation in the forest canopy or above surface fuels,including tree branches, twigs and cones, snags, moss, and high brush. Aerial Ignition:Ignition of fuels by dropping incendiary devices or materials from aircraft. Air Tanker.A fixed -wing aircraft equipped to drop fire retardants or suppressants. Agency Any federal,state,county,or city government organization participating with jurisdictional responsibilities. Anchor Point:An advantageous location, usually a barrier to fire spread, from which to start building a fire line. An anchor point is used to reduce the chance of firefighters being flanked by fire. Appropriate Tools:Methods for reducing hazardous fuels including prescribed fire, wildland fire use, and various mechanical methods such as crushing, tractor and hand piling, thinning (to produce commercial or pre -commercial products),and pruning.They are selected on a site -specific case and are ecologically appropriate and cost effective. Aramid:The generic name for a high -strength, flame -resistant synthetic fabric used in the shirts and jeans of firefighters. Nomex, a brand name for aramid fabric, is the term commonly used by firefighters. Aspect:Direction toward which a slope faces. Backfire:A fire set along the inner edge of a fire line to consume the fuel in the path of a wildfire and/or change the direction of force of the fire's convection column. Backpack Pump:A portable sprayer with hand -pump, fed from a liquid -filled container fitted with straps, used mainly in fire and pest control. (see Bladder Bag) Bambi Bucket A collapsible bucket slung below a helicopter. Used to dip water from a variety of sources for fire suppression. Behave:A system of interactive computer programs for modeling fuel and fire behavior that consists of two systems:BURN and FUEL. Bladder Bag:A collapsible backpack portable sprayer made of neoprene or high -strength nylon fabric fitted with a pump. (see Backpack Pump) Blow-up:A sudden increase in fire intensity or rate of spread strong enough to prevent direct control or to upset control plans.Blow-ups are often accompanied by violent convection and may have other characteristics of a fire storm. (see Flare-up) Glossary adapted from the NIFC,http://www.nifc.gov/fireinfo/glossary.html (2006). See also the Glossary of Wild/and Fire Terminology,http://www.nwcg.gov (National Wildfire Coordinating Group,Incident Operations Standards Working Team, 2007). Final County Community Wildfire Protection Plan 113 June 2018 Section VIII. Glossary of Fire Management Terms Brush:A collective term that refers to stands of vegetation dominated by shrubby, woody plants, or low growing trees, usually of a type undesirable for livestock or timber management. Brush Fire:A fire burning in vegetation that is predominantly shrubs, brush and scrub growth. Bucket Drops:The dropping of fire retardants or suppressants from specially designed buckets slung below a helicopter. Buffer Zones:An area of reduced vegetation that separates wildlands from vulnerable residential or business developments. This barrier is similar to a greenbelt in that it is usually used for another purpose such as agriculture, recreation areas, parks, or golf courses. Bump -up Method:A progressive method of building a fire line on a wildfire without changing relative positions in the line. Work is begun with a suitable space between workers. Whenever one worker overtakes another, all workers ahead move one space forward and resume work on the uncompleted part of the line. The last worker does not move ahead until completing his or her space. Burnable Acres:Any vegetative material/type that is susceptible to burning. Burned Area Rehabilitation:The treatment of an ecosystem following fire disturbance to minimize subsequent effects. (1995 Federal Wildland Fire Policy.) Burn Out Setting fire inside a control line to widen it or consume fuel between the edge of the fire and the control line. Burning Ban:A declared ban on open air burning within a specified area, usually due to sustained high fire danger. Burning Conditions:The state of the combined factors of the environment that affect fire behavior in a specified fuel type. Burning Index:An estimate of the potential difficulty of fire containment as it relates to the flame length at the most rapidly spreading portion of a fire's perimeter. Burning Period:That part of each 24 -hour period when fires spread most rapidly, typically from 10:00 a.m. to sundown. Burn Intensity:The amount and rate of surface fuel consumption. It is not a good indicator of the degree of chemical, physical and biological changes to the soil or other resources. (see Fire Severity) Campfire:As used to classify the cause of a wildland fire, a fire that was started for cooking or warming that spreads sufficiently from its source to require action by a fire control agency. Candle or Candling:A single tree or a very small clump of trees that is burning from the bottom up. Catastrophic:Fire that burns more intensely than the natural or historical range or variability,thereby fundamentally changing the ecosystem, destroying communities and/or rare or threatened species/habitats, Pinal County Community Wildfire Protection Plan 114 June 2018 Section VIII. Glossary of Fire Management Terms or causing unacceptable erosion [definition added from the Proposed Statewide Land Use Plan for Fire, Fuels and Air Quality Management (USDI Bureau of Land Management 2004)]. (see Severe Wildland Fire) Chain:A unit of linear measurement equal to 66 horizontal feet. Closure:Legal restriction, but not necessarily elimination of specified activities such as smoking, camping, or entry that might cause fires in a given area. Cold Front:The leading edge of a relatively cold air mass that displaces warmer air. The heavier cold air may cause some of the warm air to be lifted. If the lifted air contains enough moisture, the result may be cloudiness, precipitation, and thunderstorms. If both air masses are dry, no clouds may form. Following the passage of a cold front in the Northern Hemisphere, westerly or northwesterly winds of 15 to 30 or more miles per hour often continue for 12 to 24 hours. Cold Trailing:A method of controlling a partly dead fire edge by carefully inspecting and feeling with the hand for heat to detect any fire, digging out every live spot, and trenching any live edge. Command Staff The command staff consists of the information officer,safety officer and liaison officer. They report directly to the incident commander and may have assistants. Community Impact Zone (CIZ):The zone around a community that may be impacted by wildfire. Similar to Defensible Space, but on a community level. Complex:Two or more individual incidents located in the same general area, which are assigned to a single incident commander or unified command. Condition Class:Based on coarse scale national data, Fire Condition Classes measure general wildfire risk as follows: Condition Class 1.For the most part, fire regimes in this Fire Condition Class are within historical ranges. Vegetation composition and structure are intact. Thus, the risk of losing key ecosystem components from the occurrence of fire remains relatively low. Condition Class 2.Fire regimes on these lands have been moderately altered from their historical range by either increased or decreased fire frequency. A moderate risk of losing key ecosystem components has been identified on these lands. Condition Class 3.Fire regimes on these lands have been significantly altered from their historical return interval. The risk of losing key ecosystem components from fire is high. Fire frequencies have departed from historical ranges by multiple return intervals. Vegetation composition, structure and diversity have been significantly altered. Consequently, these lands verge on the greatest risk of ecological collapse. (Cohesive Strategy 2002, in draft) Contain a Fire:A fuel break around the fire has been completed. This break may include natural barriers or manually and/or mechanically constructed line. Control a Fire:The complete extinguishment of a fire, including spot fires. Fireline has been strengthened so that flare-ups from within the perimeter of the fire will not break through this line. Pinal County Community Wildfire Protection Plan 115 June 2018 Section VIII. Glossary of Fire Management Terms Control Line:All built or natural fire barriers and treated fire edge used to control a fire. Cooperating Agency:An agency supplying assistance other than direct suppression,rescue, support, or service functions to the incident control effort;e.g.,Red Cross,law enforcement agency,telephone company, etc. Coyote Tactics:A progressive line construction duty involving self-sufficient crews that build fire line until the end of the operational period, remain at or near the point while off duty, and begin building fire line again the next operational period where they left off. Creeping Fire:Fire burning with a low flame length and spreading slowly. Crew Boss:A person in supervisory charge of usually 16 to 21 firefighters and responsible for their performance, safety, and welfare. Critical Ignition Zones:Those areas that are likely to be key in the formation of large wildfires if ignition occurs at that location. These include locations such as at the bottom of a hill, or in fuels that will ignite easily and sustain growth of fire with increasing flame lengths and fire intensity. Crown Fire (Crowning):The movement of fire through the crowns of trees or shrubs more or less independently of the surface fire. Curing:Drying and browning of herbaceous vegetation or slash. Dead Fuels:Fuels with no living tissue in which moisture content is governed almost entirely by atmospheric moisture (relative humidity and precipitation), dry-bulb temperature, and solar radiation. Debris Burning:A fire spreading from any fire originally set for the purpose of clearing land or for rubbish, garbage, range, stubble, or meadow burning. Defensible Space:An area either natural or manmade where material capable of causing a fire to spread has been treated, cleared, reduced, or changed to act as a barrier between an advancing wildland fire and the loss to life, property, or resources. In practice, "defensible space" is defined as an area a minimum of 30 feet around a structure that is cleared of flammable brush or vegetation. Deployment:See Fire Shelter Deployment. Detection:The act or system of discovering and locating fires. Direct Attack:Any treatment of burning fuel, such as by wetting, smothering, or chemically quenching the fire or by physically separating burning from unburned fuel. Dispatch:The implementation of a command decision to move a resource or resources from one place to another. Dispatcher A person employed who receives reports of discovery and status of fires,confirms their locations, takes action promptly to provide people and equipment likely to be needed for control in first attack, and sends them to the proper place. Pinal County Community Wildfire Protection Plan 116 June 2018 Section VIII.Glossary of Fire Management Terms Dispatch Center A facility from which resources are directly assigned to an incident. Division:Divisions are used to divide an incident into geographical areas of operation.Divisions are established when the number of resources exceeds the span -of -control of the operations chief. A division is located with the Incident Command System organization between the branch and the task force/strike team. Dozer Any tracked vehicle with a front -mounted blade used for exposing mineral soil. Dozer Line:Fire line constructed by the front blade of a dozer. Drip Torch:Hand-held device for igniting fires by dripping flaming liquid fuel on the materials to be burned; consists of a fuel fount, burner arm, and igniter. Fuel used is generally a mixture of diesel and gasoline. Drop Zone:Target area for air tankers, helitankers, and cargo dropping. Drought Index:A number representing net effect of evaporation, transpiration, and precipitation in producing cumulative moisture depletion in deep duff or upper soil layers. Dry Lightning Storm:Thunderstorm in which negligible precipitation reaches the ground. Also called a dry storm. Duff The layer of decomposing organic materials lying below the litter layer of freshly fallen twigs, needles, and leaves and immediately above the mineral soil. Ecosystem:A spatially explicit,relative homogeneous unit of the Earth that includes all interacting organisms and components of any part of the natural environment within its boundaries. An ecosystem can be of any size, e.g., a log, pond, field, forest, or the Earth's biosphere (Society of American Foresters, 1998). Ecosystem Integrity.The completeness of an ecosystem that at geographic and temporal scales maintains its characteristics diversity of biological and physical components,composition,structure,and function (Cohesive Strategy, 2000). Energy Release Component (ERC):The computed total heat released per unit area (British thermal units per square foot) within the fire front at the head of a moving fire. Engine:Any ground vehicle providing specified levels of pumping, water and hose capacity. Engine Crew:Firefighters assigned to an engine. The Fireline Handbook defines the minimum crew makeup by engine type. Entrapment A situation where personnel are unexpectedly caught in a fire behavior -related, life -threatening position where planned escape routes or safety zones are absent,inadequate,or compromised.An entrapment may or may not include deployment of a fire shelter for its intended purpose. These situations may or may not result in injury. They include "near misses." Environmental Assessment (EA):EAs were authorized by the National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) of 1969.They are concise,analytical documents prepared with public participation that determine if an Final County Community Wildfire Protection Plan 117 June 2018 Section VIII. Glossary of Fire Management Terms Environmental Impact Statement (EIS) is needed for a particular project or action. If an EA determines an EIS is not needed, the EA becomes the document allowing agency compliance with NEPA requirements. Environmental Impact Statement (EIS):EISs were authorized by the National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) of 1969. Prepared with public participation, they assist decision makers by providing information, analysis and an array of action alternatives, allowing managers to see the probable effects of decisions on the environment. Generally, EISs are written for large-scale actions or geographical areas. Equilibrium Moisture Content:Moisture content that a fuel particle will attain if exposed for an infinite period in an environment of specified constant temperature and humidity. When a fuel particle reaches equilibrium moisture content, net exchange of moisture between it and the environment is zero. Escape Route:A preplanned and understood route firefighters take to move to a safety zone or other low- risk area, such as an already burned area, previously constructed safety area, a meadow that won't burn, natural rocky area that is large enough to take refuge without being burned. When escape routes deviate from a defined physical path, they should be clearly marked (flagged). Escaped Fire:A fire that has exceeded or is expected to exceed initial attack capabilities or prescription. Extended Attack Incident:A wildland fire that has not been contained or controlled by initial attack forces and for which more firefighting resources are arriving, en route, or being ordered by the initial attack incident commander. Extreme Fire Behavior "Extreme" implies a level of fire behavior characteristics that ordinarily precludes methods of direct control action. One of more of the following is usually involved: high rate of spread, prolific crowning and/or spotting, presence of fire whirls, strong convection column. Predictability is difficult because such fires often exercise some degree of influence on their environment and behave erratically, sometimes dangerously. Faller A person who fells trees. Also called a sawyer or cutter. Field Observer Person responsible to the Situation Unit Leader for collecting and reporting information about an incident obtained from personal observations and interviews. Fine (Light) Fuels:Fast -drying fuels, generally with a comparatively high surface area -to -volume ratio, which are less than 1/4 -inch in diameter and have a timelag of one hour or less. These fuels readily ignite and are rapidly consumed by fire when dry. Fingers of a Fire:The long narrow extensions of a fire projecting from the main body. Fire Behavior The manner in which a fire reacts to the influences of fuel, weather and topography. Fire Behavior Forecast Prediction of probable fire behavior, usually prepared by a Fire Behavior Officer, in support of fire suppression or prescribed burning operations. Pinal County Community Wildfire Protection Plan 118 June 2018 Section VIII. Glossary of Fire Management Terms Fire Behavior Specialist:A person responsible to the Planning Section Chief for establishing a weather data collection system and for developing fire behavior predictions based on fire history,fuel,weather and topography. Firebreak:A natural or constructed barrier used to stop or check fires that may occur or to provide a control line from which to work. Fire Cache:A supply of fire tools and equipment assembled in planned quantities or standard units at a strategic point for exclusive use in fire suppression. Fire Crew:An organized group of firefighters under the leadership of a crew leader or other designated official. Fire Defense System:The cumulative effect of the fire suppression system of a community, including fuels reduction programs, fire breaks, defensible space, and the response capabilities of emergency personnel. Fire Frequency.The natural return interval for a particular ecosystem. Fire Front:The part of a fire within which continuous flaming combustion is taking place. Unless otherwise specified the fire front is assumed to be the leading edge of the fire perimeter. In ground fires, the fire front may be mainly smoldering combustion. Fire Hazard Reduction Zone:Home ignition zone area, where fuel reduction and home fire resistant projects should take place to reduce the risk of a wildfire damaging a structure. Fire Intensity.A general term relating to the heat energy released by a fire. Fire Line:A linear fire barrier that is scraped or dug to mineral soil. Fire Load:The number and size of fires historically experienced on a specified unit over a specified period (usually one day) at a specified index of fire danger. Fire Management Plan (FMP):A strategic plan that defines a program to manage wildland and prescribed fires and documents the Fire Management Program in the approved land use plan.The plan is supplemented by operational plans such as preparedness plans, preplanned dispatch plans, prescribed fire plans, and prevention plans. Fire Management Planning:A generic term referring to all levels and categories of fire management planning, including: preparedness, prevention, hazardous risk assessment, and mitigation planning. Fire Perimeter The entire outer edge or boundary of a fire. Fire -prone ecosystem:Ecosystems that historically burned intensely at low frequencies (stand replacing fires), those that burned with low intensity at a high frequency (understory fires), and those that burned very infrequently historically, but are not subject to much more frequent fires because of changed conditions. These include fire -influenced and fire -adapted ecosystems (Cohesive Strategy, 2000). Final County Community Wildfire Protection Plan 119 June 2018 Section VIII. Glossary of Fire Management Terms Fire Regime:A generalized description of the role fire plays in an ecosystem.It is characterized by fire frequency,predictability,seasonality,intensity,duration,scale (patch size),as well as regularity or variability. Five combinations of fire frequency, expressed as fire return interval in fire severity, are defined: Groups I and I/include fire return intervals in the 0-35 year range. Group I includes Ponderosa pine, other long needle pine species, and dry site Douglas fir. Group ll includes the drier grassland types, tall grass prairie, and some Pacific chaparral ecosystems. Groups III and IV include fire return internals in the 35-100+ year range. Group Ill includes interior dry site shrub communities such as sagebrush and chaparral ecosystems.Group IV includes lodgepole pine and jack pine. Group V is the long interval (infrequent), stand replacement fire regime and includes temperate rain forest, boreal forest, and high elevation conifer species. Fire -Return Interval:The number of years between successive fire events at a specific site or an area of a specified size. Fire Risk Reduction Zone:A zone targeted for risk reduction, including measures such as fuels reduction, access protection, and construction of structures to minimize the risk of ignition from wildfire. Fire Season:(1)Period(s) of the year during which wildland fires are likely to occur, spread, and affect resource values sufficient to warrant organized fire management activities. (2) A legally enacted time during which burning activities are regulated by state or local authority. Fire Severity.The amount of heat that is released by a fire and how it affects other resources. It is dependent on the type of fuels and the behavior of the fuels when they are burned. (see Burn Intensity) Fire Shelter An aluminized tent offering protection by means of reflecting radiant heat and providing a volume of breathable air in a fire entrapment situation. Fire shelters should only be used in life -threatening situations, as a last resort. Fire Shelter Deployment The removing of a fire shelter from its case and using it as protection against fire. Firestorm:A fire of great size and intensity that generates and is fed by strong inrushing winds from all sides; the winds add fresh oxygen to the fire, increasing the intensity. Fire Triangle:Instructional aid in which the sides of a triangle are used to represent the three factors (oxygen,heat, fuel) necessary for combustion and flame production; removal of any of the three factors causes flame production to cease. Fire Use Module (Prescribed Fire Module):A team of skilled and mobile personnel dedicated primarily to prescribed fire management.These are national and interagency resources,available throughout the prescribed fire season, that can ignite, hold and monitor prescribed fires. Fire Use:The combination of wildland fire use and prescribed fire application to meet resource objectives. Fire Weather Weather conditions that influence fire ignition, behavior and suppression. Pinal County Community Wildfire Protection Plan 120 June 2018 Section VIII. Glossary of Fire Management Terms Fire Weather Watch:A term used by fire weather forecasters to notify using agencies, usually 24 to 72 hours ahead of the event, that current and developing meteorological conditions may evolve into dangerous fire weather. Fire Whirl:Spinning vortex column of ascending hot air and gases rising from a fire and carrying aloft smoke, debris, and flame. Fire whirls range in size from less than one foot to more than 500 feet in diameter. Large fire whirls have the intensity of a small tornado. Firewise:A public education program developed by the National Wildland Fire Coordinating Group that assists communities located in proximity to fire -prone lands.(For additional information,see http://www.firewise.org) Firefighting Resources:All people and major items of equipment that can or potentially could be assigned to fires. Flame Height:The average maximum vertical extension of flames at the leading edge of the fire front. Occasional flashes that rise above the general level of flames are not considered. This distance is less than the flame length if flames are tilted due to wind or slope. Flame Length:The distance between the flame tip and the midpoint of the flame depth at the base of the flame (generally the ground surface); an indicator of fire intensity. Flaming Front The zone of a moving fire where the combustion is primarily flaming. Behind this flaming zone, combustion is primarily glowing. Light fuels typically have a shallow flaming front, whereas heavy fuels have a deeper front. Also called fire front. Flanks of a Fire:The parts of a fire's perimeter that are roughly parallel to the main direction of spread. Flare-up:Any sudden acceleration of fire spread or intensification of a fire. Unlike a blow-up, a flare-up lasts a relatively short time and does not radically change control plans. Flash Fuels:Fuels such as grass, leaves, draped pine needles, fern, tree moss and some kinds of slash, that ignite readily and are consumed rapidly when dry. Also called fine fuels. Forb:A plant with a soft, rather than permanent woody stem, that is not a grass or grass -like plant. Fuel:Combustible material. Includes, vegetation, such as grass, leaves, ground litter, plants, shrubs and trees, that feed a fire. (see Surface Fuels) Fuel Bed:An array of fuels usually constructed with specific loading, depth and particle size to meet experimental requirements; also, commonly used to describe the fuel composition in natural settings. Fuel Loading:The amount of fuel present expressed quantitatively in terms of weight of fuel per unit area. Fuel Model:Simulated fuel complex (or combination of vegetation types) for which all fuel descriptors required for the solution of a mathematical rate of spread model have been specified. Fuel Moisture (Fuel Moisture Content):The quantity of moisture in fuel expressed as a percentage of the weight when thoroughly dried at 212 degrees Fahrenheit. Pinal County Community Wildfire Protection Plan 121 June 2018 Section VIII. Glossary of Fire Management Terms Fuel Reduction:Manipulation, including combustion, or removal of fuels to reduce the likelihood of ignition and/or to lessen potential damage and resistance to control.Incorporated within this are treatments to protect, maintain, and restore land health and desired fire cycles. Fuel Type:An identifiable association of fuel elements of a distinctive plant species,form,size, arrangement, or other characteristics that will cause a predictable rate of fire spread or difficulty of control under speoffied weather conditions. Fusee:A colored flare designed as a railway -warning device and widely used to ignite suppression and prescription fires. General Staff:The group of incident management personnel reporting to the incident commander. They may each have a deputy, as needed. Staff consists of operations section chief, planning section chief, logistics section chief, and finance/administration section chief. Geographic Area:A political boundary designated by the wildland fire protection agencies, where these agencies work together in the coordination and effective utilization of firefighting resources. Ground Fuel:All combustible materials below the surface litter, including duff, tree or shrub roots, dried out dead wood, peat, and sawdust that normally support a glowing combustion without flame. Haines Index:An atmospheric index used to indicate the potential for wildfire growth by measuring the stability and dryness of the air over a fire. Hand Line:A fire line built with hand tools. Hazard Reduction:Any treatment of a hazard that reduces the threat of ignition and fire intensity or rate of spread. Hazardous Fuels Reduction:"Fuel Reduction" is defined as the manipulation or removal of fuels, including combustion, to reduce the likelihood of ignition and/or to lessen potential damage and resistance to control. Incorporated within this are treatments to protect, maintain, and restore land health and desired fire cycles. "Hazard Reduction" is defined as any treatment of a hazard that reduces the threat of ignition and fire intensity or rate of spread. Head of a Fire:The side of the fire having the fastest rate of spread. Heavy Fuels:Fuels of large diameter such as snags, logs, large limb wood, that ignite and are consumed more slowly than flash fuels. Helibase:The main location within the general incident area for parking, fueling, maintaining, and loading helicopters. The helibase is usually located at or near the incident base. Helispot:A temporary landing spot for helicopters. Final County Community Wildfire Protection Plan 122 June 2018 Section VIII.Glossary of Fire Management Terms Helitack:The use of helicopters to transport crews, equipment, and fire retardants or suppressants to the fire line during the initial stages of a fire. Helitack Crew:A group of firefighters trained in the technical and logistical use of helicopters for fire suppression. Holding Actions:Planned actions required to achieve wildland prescribed fire management objectives. These actions have specific implementation timeframes for fire use actions but can have less sensitive implementation demands for suppression actions. Holding Resources:Firefighting personnel and equipment assigned to do all required fire suppression work following fire line construction but generally not including extensive mop -up. Home lgnitability:The ignition potential within the Home Ignition Zone. Home Ignition Zone:The home and its immediate surroundings. The home ignition zone includes the home and all ignitable materials up to 200 feet from the foundation. Hose Lay.Arrangement of connected lengths of fire hose and accessories on the ground, beginning at the first pumping unit and ending at the point of water delivery. Hotshot Crew:A highly trained fire crew used mainly to build fire lines by hand. Hotspot:A particular active part of a fire. Hotspotting:Reducing or stopping the spread of fire at points of particularly rapid rate of spread or special threat, generally the first step in prompt control, with emphasis on first priorities. Incendiary:Causing or capable of causing fire. Incident:A human -caused or natural occurrence, such as wildland fire, that requires emergency service action to prevent or reduce the loss of life or damage to property or natural resources. Incident Action Plan (IAP):Contains objectives reflecting the overall incident strategy and specific tactical actions and supporting information for the next operational period. The plan may be oral or written. When written, the plan may have a number of attachments, including: incident objectives, organization assignment list, division assignment, incident radio communication plan, medical plan, traffic plan, safety plan, and incident map. Incident Command Post (1CP):Location at which primary command functions are executed. The ICP may be co -located with the incident base or other incident facilities. Incident Command System (ICS):The combination of facilities,equipment,personnel,procedure and communications operating within a common organizational structure, with responsibility for the management of assigned resources to effectively accomplish stated objectives pertaining to an incident. Incident Commander Individual responsible for the management of all incident operations at the incident site. Pinal County Community Wildfire Protection Plan 123 June 2018 Section VIII. Glossary of Fire Management Terms Incident Management Team:The incident commander and appropriate general or command staff personnel assigned to manage an incident. Incident Objectives:Statements of guidance and direction necessary for selection of appropriate strategy(ies), and the tactical direction of resources. Incident objectives are based on realistic expectations of what can be accomplished when all allocated resources have been effectively deployed. Indigenous Knowledge:Knowledge of a particular region or environment from an individual or group that lives in that particular region or environment, e.g., traditional ecological knowledge of American Indians (FS National Resource Book on American Indian and Alaskan Native Relations, 1997). Infrared Detection:The use of heat sensing equipment, known as Infrared Scanners, for detection of heat sources that are not visually detectable by the normal surveillance methods of either ground or air patrols. Initial Attack:The actions taken by the first resources to arrive at a wildfire to protect lives and property, and prevent further extension of the fire. Job Hazard Analysis:This analysis of a project is completed by staff to identify hazards to employees and the public. It identifies hazards, corrective actions and the required safety equipment to ensure public and employee safety. Jump Spot:Selected landing area for smokejumpers. Jump Suit:Approved protection suite work by smokejumpers. Keech Byram Drought Index (KBDI):Commonly used drought index adapted for fire management applications, with a numerical range from 0 (no moisture deficiency) to 800 (maximum drought). Knock Down:To reduce the flame or heat on the more vigorously burning parts of a fire edge. Ladder Fuels:Fuels that provide vertical continuity between strata,thereby allowing fire to carry from surface fuels into the crowns of trees or shrubs with relative ease.They help initiate and assure the continuation of crowning. Large Fire:(1) For statistical purposes, a fire burning more than a specified area of land, for example, 300 acres. (2) A fire burning with a size and intensity such that its behavior is determined by interaction between its own convection column and weather conditions above the surface. Lead Plane:Aircraft with pilot used to make dry runs over the target area to check wing and smoke conditions and topography and to lead air tankers to targets and supervise their drops. Light (Fine) Fuels:Fast -drying fuels, generally with a comparatively high surface area -to -volume ratio, which are less than 1/4 -inch in diameter and have a timelag of one hour or less. These fuels readily ignite and are rapidly consumed by fire when dry. Pinal County Community Wildfire Protection Plan 124 June 2018 Section VIII.Glossary of Fire Management Terms Lightning Activity Level (LAL):A number on a scale of 1 to 6 that reflects frequency and character of cloud -to ground lightning. The scale is exponential, based on powers of 2 (i.e., LAL 3 indicates twice the lightning of LAL 2). Line Scout:A firefighter who determines the location of a fire line. Litter Top layer of the forest, scrubland, or grassland floor, directly above the fermentation layer, composed of loose debris of dead sticks,branches,twigs,and recently fallen leaves or needles,little altered in structure by decomposition. Live Fuels:Living plants, such as trees, grasses, and shrubs, in which the seasonal moisture content cycle is controlled largely by internal physiological mechanisms, rather than by external weather influences. Micro -Remote Environmental Monitoring System (Micro-REMS):Mobile weather monitoring station. A Micro- REMS usually accompanies an incident meteorologist and ATMU to an incident. Mineral Soil:Soil layers below the predominantly organic horizons; soil with little combustible material. Mobilization:The process and procedures used by all organizations, federal, state and local for activating, assembling, and transporting all resources that have been requested to respond to or support an incident. Modular Airborne Firefighting System (MAFFS):A manufactured unit consisting of five interconnecting tanks, a control pallet, and a nozzle pallet, with a capacity of 3,000 gallons, designed to be rapidly mounted inside an unmodified C-130 (Hercules) cargo aircraft for use in dropping retardant on wildland fires. Mop -up:To make a fire safe or reduce residual smoke after the fire has been controlled by extinguishing or removing burning material along or near the control line, felling snags, or moving logs so they won't roll downhill. Multiagency Coordination (MAC):A generalized term that describes the functions and activities of representatives of involved agencies and/or jurisdictions who come together to make decisions regarding the prioritizing of incidents and the sharing and use of critical resources. The MAC organization is not a part of the on -scene ICS and is not involved in developing incident strategy or tactics. Mutual Aid Agreement:Written agreement between agencies and/or jurisdictions in which they agree to assist one another upon request, by furnishing personnel and equipment. National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA):NEPA is the basic national law for protection of the environment, passed by Congress in 1969.It sets policy and procedures for environmental protection, and authorizes Environmental Impact Statements and Environmental Assessments to be used as analytical tools to help federal managers make decisions. National Fire Danger Rating System (NFDRS):A uniform fire danger rating system that focuses on the environmental factors that control the moisture content of fuels. Pinal County Community Wildfire Protection Plan 125 June 2018 Section VIII. Glossary of Fire Management Terms National Wildfire Coordinating Group (NWCG):A group formed under the direction of the Secretaries of Agriculture and the Interior and comprised of representatives of the US Forest Service,Bureau of Land Management, Bureau of Indian Affairs, National Park Service, US Fish and Wildlife Service, and Association of State Foresters.The group's purpose is to facilitate coordination and effectiveness of wildland fire activities and provide a forum to discuss, recommend action, or resolve issues and problems of substantive nature. NWCG is the certifying body for all courses in the National Fire Curriculum. Nomex:Trade name for a fire-resistant synthetic material used in the manufacturing of flight suits and pants and shirts used by firefighters. (see Aramid) Normal Fire Season:(1) A season when weather, fire danger, and number and distribution of fires are about average. (2) Period of the year that normally comprises the fire season. 0 Operations Branch Director Person under the direction of the operations section chief who is responsible for implementing that portion of the incident action plan appropriate to the branch. Operational Period:The period of time scheduled for execution of a given set of tactical actions as specified in the Incident Action Plan. Operational periods can be of various lengths, although usually not more than 24 hours. Overhead:People assigned to supervisory positions,including incident commanders,command staff, general staff, directors, supervisors, and unit leaders. Pack Test:Used to determine the aerobic capacity of fire suppression and support personnel and assign physical fitness scores. The test consists of walking a specified distance, with or without a weighted pack, in a predetermined period of time, with altitude corrections. Paracargo:Anything dropped, or intended for dropping, from an aircraft by parachute, by other retarding devices, or by free fall. Peak Fire Season:That period of the fire season during which fires are expected to ignite most readily, to burn with greater than average intensity, and to create damages at an unacceptable level. Performance Measures:A quantitative or qualitative characterization of performance (Government Performance and Results Act of 1993). Personal Protective Equipment (PPE):All firefighting personnel must be equipped with proper equipment and clothing in order to mitigate the risk of injury from, or exposure to, hazardous conditions encountered while working. PPE includes, but is not limited to, 8 -inch -high laced leather boots with lug soles, fire shelter, hard hat with chin strap, goggles, ear plugs, aramid shirts and trousers, leather gloves, and individual first aid kits. Preparedness:Condition or degree of being ready to cope with a potential fire situation. Pinal County Community Wildfire Protection Plan 126 June 2018 Section VIII. Glossary of Fire Management Terms Prescribed Fire:Any fire ignited by management actions under certain, predetermined conditions to meet specific objectives related to hazardous fuels or habitat improvement. A written, approved prescribed fire plan must exist, and NEPA requirements must be met, prior to ignition. Prescribed Fire Plan (Burn Plan):This document provides the prescribed fire burn boss information needed to implement an individual prescribed fire project. Prescription:Measurable criteria that define conditions under which a prescribed fire may be ignited, guide selection of appropriate management responses, and indicate other required actions. Prescription criteria may include safety,economic,public health,environmental,geographic,administrative,social,or legal considerations. Prevention:Activities directed at reducing the incidence of fires, including public education, law enforcement, personal contact, and reduction of fuel hazards. Project Fire:A fire of such size or complexity that a large organization and prolonged activity is required to suppress it. Pulaski:A combination chopping and trenching tool, which combines a single -bitted axe -blade with a narrow adze -like trenching blade fitted to a straight handle. Useful for grubbing or trenching in duff and matted roots. Well-balanced for chopping. Radiant Burn:A burn received from a radiant heat source. Radiant Heat Flux:The amount of heat flowing through a given area in a given time, usually expressed as calories/square centimeter/second. Rappelling:Technique of landing specifically trained firefighters from hovering helicopters; involves sliding down ropes with the aid of friction -producing devices. Rate of Spread:The relative activity of a fire in extending its horizontal dimensions. It is expressed as a rate of increase of the total perimeter of the fire, as rate of forward spread of the fire front, or as rate of increase in area, depending on the intended use of the information. Usually it is expressed in chains or acres per hour for a specific period in the fire's history. Rebum:The burning of an area that has been previously burned but that contains flammable fuel that ignites when burning conditions are more favorable; an area that has reburned. Red Card:Fire qualification card issued to fire rated persons showing their training needs and their qualifications to fill specified fire suppression and support positions in a large fire suppression or incident organization. Red Flag Warning:Term used by fire weather forecasters to alert forecast users to an ongoing or imminent critical fire weather pattern. Rehabilitation:The activities necessary to repair damage or disturbance caused by wildland fires or the fire suppression activity. Pinal County Community Wildfire Protection Plan 127 June 2018 Section VIII. Glossary of Fire Management Terms Relative Humidity (Rh):The ratio of the amount of moisture in the air, to the maximum amount of moisture that air would contain if it were saturated. The ratio of the actual vapor pressure to the saturated vapor pressure. Remote Automatic Weather Station (RAWS):An apparatus that automatically acquires,processes,and stores local weather data for later transmission to the GOES Satellite, from which the data is re -transmitted to an earth -receiving station for use in the National Fire Danger Rating System. Resiliency:The capacity of an ecosystem to maintain or regain normal function and development following disturbance (Society of American Foresters, 1998). Resources:(1)Personnel,equipment,services and supplies available,or potentially available,for assignment to incidents. (2) The natural resources of an area, such as timber, grass, watershed values, recreation values, and wildlife habitat. Resource Management Plan (RMP):A document prepared by field office staff with public participation and approved by field office managers that provides general guidance and direction for land management activities at a field office. The RMP identifies the need for fire in a particular area and for a specific benefit. Resource Order An order placed for firefighting or support resources. Response Time:The amount of time it takes from when a request for help is received by the emergency dispatch system until emergency personnel arrive at the scene. Retardant A substance or chemical agent that reduces the flammability of combustibles. Restoration:The active or passive management of an ecosystem or habitat toward its original structure, natural compliment of species, and natural functions or ecological processes (Cohesive Strategy, 2000). Run (of a fire):The rapid advance of the head of a fire with a marked change in fire line intensity and rate of spread from that noted before and after the advance. Running:A rapidly spreading surface fire with a well-defined head. Rural Fire Assistance:The Department of the Interior Rural Fire Assistance program is a multi -million dollar program to enhance the fire protection capabilities of rural fire districts. The program will assist with training, equipment purchase, and prevention activities, on a cost -share basis. Safety Zone:An area cleared of flammable materials used for escape in the event the line is outflanked or in case a spot fire causes fuels outside the control line to render the line unsafe. In firing operations, crews progress so as to maintain a safety zone close at hand allowing the fuels inside the control line to be consumed before going ahead. Safety zones may also be constructed as integral parts of fuel breaks; they are greatly enlarged areas, which can be used with relative safety by firefighters and their equipment in the event of a blow-up in the vicinity. Scratch Line:An unfinished preliminary fire line hastily established or built as an emergency measure to check the spread of fire. Pinal County Community Wildfire Protection Plan 128 June 2018 Section VIII.Glossary of Fire Management Terms Severe Wild/and Fire (catastrophic wildfire):Fire that burns more intensely than the natural or historical range of variability, thereby fundamentally changing the ecosystem, destroying communities and / or rate or threatened species /habitat, or causing unacceptable erosion (GAO / T-RCED-99-79) (Society of American Foresters, 1998). Severity Funding:Funds provided to increase wildland fire suppression response capability necessitated by abnormal weather patterns,extended drought,or other events causing abnormal increase in the fire potential and/or danger. Single Resource:An individual, a piece of equipment and its personnel complement, or a crew or team of individuals with an identified work supervisor that can be used on an incident. Size -up:To evaluate a fire to determine a course of action for fire suppression. Slash:Debris left after logging,pruning, thinning or brush cutting;includes logs,chips,bark,branches, stumps and broken understory trees or brush. Sling Load:Any cargo carried beneath a helicopter and attached by a lead line and swivel. Slop -over A fire edge that crosses a control line or natural barrier intended to contain the fire. Slurry A mixture typically of water, red clay, and fertilizer dropped from air tankers for fire suppression. Smokejumper A firefighter who travels to fires by aircraft and parachute. Smoke Management Application of fire intensities and meteorological processes to minimize degradation of air quality during prescribed fires. Smoldering Fire:A fire burning without flame and barely spreading. Snag:A standing dead tree or part of a dead tree from which at least the smaller branches have fallen. Spark Arrester A device installed in a chimney, flue, or exhaust pipe to stop the emission of sparks and burning fragments. Spot Fire:A fire ignited outside the perimeter of the main fire by flying sparks or embers. Spot Weather Forecast A special forecast issued to fit the time, topography, and weather of each specific fire. These forecasts are issued upon request of the user agency and are more detailed, timely, and specific than zone forecasts. Spotter In smokejumping, the person responsible for selecting drop targets and supervising all aspects of dropping smokejumpers. Spotting:Behavior of a fire producing sparks or embers that are carried by the wind and start new fires beyond the zone of direct ignition by the main fire. Staging Area:Locations set up at an incident where resources can be placed while awaiting a tactical assignment on a three -minute available basis. Staging areas are managed by the operations section. Strategy:The science and art of command as applied to the overall planning and conduct of an incident. Final County Community Wildfire Protection Plan 129 June 2018 Section VIII. Glossary of Fire Management Terms Strike Team:Specified combinations of the same kind and type of resources, with common communications, and a leader. Strike Team Leader Person responsible to a division/group supervisor for performing tactical assignments given to the strike team. Structure Fire:Fire originating in and burning any part or all of any building, shelter, or other structure. Suppressant:An agent,such as water or foam,used to extinguish the flaming and glowing phases of combustion when direction applied to burning fuels. Suppression:All the work of extinguishing or containing a fire, beginning with its discovery. Surface Fuels:Loose surface litter on the soil surface, normally consisting of fallen leaves or needles, twigs, bark, cones, and small branches that have not yet decayed enough to lose their identity; also grasses, forbs, low and medium shrubs, tree seedlings, heavier branchwood, downed logs, and stumps interspersed with or partially replacing the litter. Swamper (1) A worker who assists fallers and/or sawyers by clearing away brush, limbs and small trees. Carries fuel, oil and tools and watches for dangerous situations. (2) A worker on a dozer crew who pulls winch line, helps maintain equipment, etc., to speed suppression work on a fire. Tactics:Deploying and directing resources on an incident to accomplish the objectives designated by strategy. Tanker Either a tank truck used to deliver water from a water source to the scene of a fire, or a fixed wing aircraft used for fire suppression by dropping slurry on the flank or head of a fire. Temporary Flight Restrictions (TFR):A restriction requested by an agency and put into effect by the Federal Aviation Administration in the vicinity of an incident that restricts the operation of nonessential aircraft in the airspace around that incident. Terra Torch:Device for throwing a stream of flaming liquid, used to facilitate rapid ignition during burn out operations on a wildland fire or during a prescribed fire operation. Test Fire:A small fire ignited within the planned burn unit to determine the characteristic of the prescribed fire, such as fire behavior, detection performance and control measures. Timelag:Time needed under specified conditions for a fuel particle to lose about 63 percent of the difference between its initial moisture content and its equilibrium moisture content. If conditions remain unchanged, a fuel will reach 95 percent of its equilibrium moisture content after four timelag periods. Torching:The ignition and flare-up of a tree or small group of trees, usually from bottom to top. Two-way Radio:Radio equipment with transmitters in mobile units on the same frequency as the base station, permitting conversation in two directions using the same frequency in turn. Pinal County Community Wildfire Protection Plan 130 June 2018 Section VIII. Glossary of Fire Management Terms Type:The capability of a firefighting resource in comparison to another type. Type 1 usually means a greater capability due to power, size, or capacity. Uncontrolled Fire:Any fire that threatens to destroy life, property, or natural resources and (a) is not burning within the confines of firebreaks or (b) is burning with such intensity that it could not be readily extinguished with ordinary tools commonly available [Parts a and b of definition added from the National Wildfire Coordinating Group's Glossary of Wild/and Fire Terminology,http://www.nwcg.gov/pms/pubs/glossary]. (see Wildfire) Underbum:A fire that consumes surface fuels but not trees or shrubs. (see Surface Fuels) Unplanned and Unwanted VVildland Fires:An unplanned and unwanted fire is one burning outside the parameters as defined in land use plans and fire management plans for that location (including areas where the fire can be expected to spread) under current and expected conditions. Unplanned and unwanted fires include fires burning in areas where fire is specifically excluded; fires that exhibit burning characteristics (intensity,frequency,and seasonality)that are outside prescribed ranges,specifically including fires expected to produce severe fire effects;unauthorized human caused fires (arson,escaped camp fires, equipment fires,etc.);and fires that occur during high fire dangers,or resource shortage,where the resources needed to manage the fire are needed for more critical fire management needs. Unplanned is not the same as unscheduled. The time of a lightning fire ignition is not known; however, a lightning -caused fire could still be used to meet fuels and ecosystem management objectives if that type of fire is expected to burn within the parameters of an approved plan; the fire is burning within the parameters for the area; is not causing, or has the potential to cause, unacceptable effects; and funding and resources to manage the fire are available. V Vectors:Directions of fire spread as related to rate of spread calculations (in degrees from upslope). Volunteer Fire Department (VFD):A fire department of which some or all members are unpaid. Water Tender A ground vehicle capable of transporting specified quantities of water. Weather Information and Management System (WIMS):An interactive computer system designed to accommodate the weather information needs of all federal and state natural resource management agencies. Provides timely access to weather forecasts, current and historical weather data, the National Fire Danger Rating System (NFDRS),and the National Interagency Fire Management Integrated Database (NIFMID). Wet Line:A line of water, or water and chemical retardant, sprayed along the ground, that serves as a temporary control line from which to ignite or stop a low -intensity fire. Pinal County Community Wildfire Protection Plan 131 June 2018 Section VIII. Glossary of Fire Management Terms Wildfire:An unplanned,unwanted wildland fire including unauthorized human -caused fires,escaped wildland fire use events, escaped prescribed fire projects, and all other wildland fire where the objective is to put the fire out [definition added from the National Wildfire Coordinating Group's Glossary of Midland Fire Terminology,http://www.nwcg.gov/pms/pubs/glossary]. (see Uncontrolled Fire; Wildland Fire) Wild/and:Wildland is an area of land where plants and animals exist free of human interference. Ecologists assert that wildlands promote biodiversity, that they preserve historic genetic traits and that they provide habitat for wild flora and fauna [definition added from Wikipedia, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/VVildland]. Wild/and Fire:Any nonstructure fire, other than prescribed fire, that occurs in the wildland. Midland Fire Implementation Plan (WFIP):A progressively developed assessment and operational management plan that documents the analysis and selection of strategies and describes the appropriate management response for a wildland fire being managed for resource benefits. Wildland Fire Situation Analysis (WFSA):A decision -making process that evaluates alternative suppression strategies against selected environmental,social,political,and economic criteria.Provides a record of decisions. Wildland Fire Use:The management of naturally ignited wildland fires to accomplish specific,planned resource management objectives in predefined geographic areas outlined in Fire Management Plans. Wildland fire use is not to be confused with "fire use," which includes prescribed fire. Wild/and Urban Interface (MI):The line, area or zone where structures and other human development meet or intermingle with undeveloped wildland or vegetative fuels (Glossary of Wildland Fire Terminology, 1996). Wind Vectors:Wind directions used to calculate fire behavior. Pinal County Community Wildfire Protection Plan 132 June 2018 Appendix A. Educational Resources APPENDIX A.EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES A.Information Arizona Department of Forestry and Fire Management https://dffm.az.qov/fire/prevention/firewise Arizona Interagency Fire Prevention http://wildlandfire.az.qov/ Fire Adapted Communities https://fireadapted.orq/ Fire Adapted Communities Learning Network https://fireadaptednetwork.orq/ International Association of Fire Chiefs https://www.iafc.orq/topics-and-tools/wildland National Cohesive Wildland Fire Management Strategy https://www.forestsandramelands.qov/strateqv/thestrateqv.shtml National Fire Protection Association Firewise USA https://www.nfpa.orq/Public-Education/By-topic/Wildfire/Firewise-USA Ready - National Public Service Campaign https://www.ready.qov/wildfires Southwest Fire Science Consortium http://www.swfireconsortium.orq/ Tamarisk Coalition http://www.tamariskcoalition.orq/ US Fire Administration https://www.usfa.fema.qov/prevention/outreach/wildfire.html Pinal County Community Wildfire Protection Plan A-1 June 2018 Appendix A. Educational Resources B.Grants Arizona Department of Forestry and Fire Management https://dffm.az.gov/drants Federal Emergency Management Agency Hazard Mitigation Grant Program https://www.fema.qov/hazard-mitiqation-qrant-program Grant Opportunities http://www.qrants.dov. National Association of State Foresters https://stateforesters.org/current-issues-and-policv/current-issues/appropriations-0 US Fire Administration http://www.usfaiema.qove/dhtml/inside-usfa/drants.cfm Pinal County Community Wildfire Protection Plan A-2 June 2018 Appendix B. Information Data Sheet and Contacts APPENDIX B.INFORMATION DATA SHEET AND CONTACTS B.1. CWPP Base Information Data Source Name Type Source Contact / Web Address Wildland Fuel Hazards Feature Class Logan Simpson Design Inc. Wildland-Urban Interface (WUI)Feature Class Existing Vegetation Type Land Ownership Structure Data State Ignition History Federal Ignition History Canopy Cover Fire Behavior Fuel Models Aspect Elevation Slope Flame Length Rate of Spread Raster Feature Class Logan Simpson Design Inc. LANDFIRE (2014) Arizona State Land Department Feature Class Pinal County Feature Class Feature Class Raster Raster Raster Raster Raster Raster Raster FAMWEB Federal Fire Occurrence Website LANDFIRE (2012) LANDFIRE (2012) LANDFIRE (2012) LANDFIRE (2012) LANDFIRE (2012) FlamMap Output (2018) FlamMap Output (2018) Roy Baker (480) 967-1343; rbaker@logansimpson.com Roy Baker (480) 967-1343; rbaker@ logansimpson.com https://www.landfire.qov/veqetation.pho Land Resources Information System Published October 29, 2007 Gary Irish, (602) 542-2605 Pinal County GIS Benjamin Coker, (520) 866-6985 https://fam.nwcq.qov/fam-web/ https://wildfire.cr.usqs.qov/firehistorv/ind ex. html https://www.landfire.qov/cc.php https://www.landfire.qov/fbfm40.php https://www.landfire.qov/aspect.php https://www.landfire.qov/elevation.php https://www.landfire.qov/slope.php Roy Baker (480) 967-1343; rbaker@logansimpson.com Roy Baker (480) 967-1343; rbaker@logansimpson.com Pinal County Community Wildfire Protection Plan B-1 June 2018 Appendix B. Information Data Sheet and Contacts All final -analysis GIS data—including flammability analysis, fuel hazards analysis, ignition history and density, community values analysis, cumulative risk analysis, and treatment management units—are located at the Pinal County Office of Emergency Services and at Logan Simpson. B.2. Pinal County CWPP Contacts Charles Kmet Emergency Manager Pinal County Office of Emergency Management 31 N. Pinal Street, Building F Florence, Arizona 85132 Office: (520) 866-6684 Charles.kmet pinalcountyaz.dov Chris Bockey Project Manager Logan Simpson 51 W. Third Street, Suite 450 Phoenix, Arizona 85281 Office:(480) 967-1343 cbockev lociansimpson.com Roy Baker GIS Analyst Logan Simpson 51 W. Third Street, Suite 450 Tempe, Arizona 85281 Office: (480) 967-1343 rbakeralociansimpson.com Pinal County Community Wildfire Protection Plan B-2 June 2018 Appendix C. Treatment Management Unit Detail Maps APPENDIX C.TREATMENT MANAGEMENT UNIT DETAIL MAPS Ak-Chin Indian Community WUI ......................................................................................................C-1 Apache Junction WUI .......................................................................................................................C-3 Avra Valley WUI ................................................................................................................................C-7 Casa Grande WUI ............................................................................................................................C-13 Coolidge WUI ..................................................................................................................................C-19 Dudleyville WUI ...............................................................................................................................C-23 Eloy WUI ..........................................................................................................................................C-27 Florence WUI ...................................................................................................................................C-31 Gila River Indian Community WUI .................................................................................................C-35 Gila River Riparian Corridor WUI ...................................................................................................C-37 Galiuro Mountains WUI ..................................................................................................................C-39 Golder Ranch WUI ..........................................................................................................................C-41 Kearny WUI .....................................................................................................................................C-47 Maricopa WUI ..................................................................................................................................C-51 Mammoth WUI .................................................................................................................................C-59 Oracle WUI ......................................................................................................................................C-61 Queen Creek WUI ............................................................................................................................C-65 Queen Valley WUI ...........................................................................................................................C-67 San Manuel WUI ..............................................................................................................................C-71 Superior WUI ...................................................................................................................................C-75 Tohono O'odham Nation WUI ........................................................................................................C-77 Top -of -the -World WUI .....................................................................................................................C-79 Pinal County Community Wildfire Protection Plan C-i June 2018 Appendix C. Treatment Management Unit Detail Maps This Page Intentionally Left Blank. Pinal County Community Wildfire Protection Plan C -ii June 2018 Appendix C. Treatment Management Unit Detail Maps AK -CHIN INDIAN COMMUNITY WUI Key %Midland Urban I =1 Interface (VVUI) 1 High -Risk Riparian221Corridor Treatment Management Units Wildiand Fire Risk ..11 LOW Frisk Moderate Risk ..11 High Risk TMU AC1 2018 Plnal County ' • CornWialty_Wildflre'Piotection PIaij Treatment Management Unit AC, 1, Pinal County Community Wildfire Protection Plan C-1 June 2018 Appendix C. Treatment Management Unit Detail Maps This Page Intentionally Left Blank. Pinal County Community Wildfire Protection Plan C-2 June 2018 Appendix C. Treatment Management Unit Detail Maps APACHE JUNCTION WUI WIdland UrbanE=I Interface (WUI) High -Risk Riparian E72:1 Corridor INildland Fire Risk - Low Risk Moderate Risk - High Risk TMU AJ1 2018 Pinal County Community Wildfire Protection Plan Treatment Management Unit AJ1 Wldland Urban Interface (WUI) High -Risk Riparian Corridor = i Treatment Management Units Midland Fire Risk - Low Risk Moderate Risk NMI High Risk c r .L ;? iz?immuipois Pinal County Community.Wildfire Protection Plan TrFatment Miriagement Unit AJ2 • , 1 Mq111) 44 —tor '4;1 -.4~ Z^ft,:e 77.F..7E-7.-1 - :117.1.? -t-: -1 - 74111111/Wr . --NO V •NASF(' i fr• +r ' el. 76= TMU AJ2 Pinal County Community Wildfire Protection Plan C-3 June 2018 Ke WMland Urban Interface (VVUI) High -Risk Riparian E7 7 .1 Corridor Wildland Fire Risk IMMI Low Risk Moderate Risk High Risk Key thildiand Urban Interface (Wtn) High -Risk Riparian E Corridor Wildland Fire Risk I= Low Risk Moderate Risk ME High Risk TMU AJ3 TMU AJ4 Appendix C. Treatment Management Unit Detail Maps 2018 Pinal,County Community Wildfire Protection Plan Treatment Management Unit AJ3 rrç.-Ft"1 .fl4Q Dln Irnterth, •I )••••• WY: • 41,-11.11f1111 ••• •Pli1111111 .1-1CommunIty,Wildfire Protection Plan .134„Treatment Management Unit AJ4 Pinal County Community Wildfire Protection Plan C-4 June 2018 Appendix C. Treatment Management Unit Detail Maps Key =wld idUrban Interface ) High -Risk RiparianUZICorridor Wildiand Fire Risk .1.1 Low Risk Moderate Risk High Risk Key Wlidland Urban Interface (WUI) High -Risk Riparian Corridor INildland Fire Risk Low Risk Moderate Risk EMI High Risk TMU AJ5 TMU AJ6 -v , 2018 Pine' County Community Wildfire Protection Plan .' 'Treatment Management Unit WS '...." .._...C''1 ,.2018 Pinal County .-•••Community Wildfire Protection Plan ' Treatment Management Unit AJ8 Pinal County Community Wildfire Protection Plan C-5 June 2018 Appendix C. Treatment Management Unit Detail Maps IMIdiand Urban Interface (VVUI) F,77j High -Risk Riparian Corridor Treatment Management Units Wildland Fire Risk Low Risk •Moderate Risk 1111E High Risk AJ7 Map Location rzzac"-M-litontOrF7CM-rtlit —QCX I2aE!TatIffign WV, TMU AJ7 2018 Pinal County Community,Wildfire Protection Plan ...Treatment Management Unit AJ7 Miles 0 —2 Nk , Pinal County Community Wildfire Protection Plan C-6 June 2018 Appendix C. Treatment Management Unit Detail Maps AVRA VALLEY WUI Ke Wdand Urban interface (WU) High -Risk Riparian EZZ conidor Treatment Management Units Wildiand Fire Risk Low Risk Moderate Risk High Risk 2018 Pinal County Community Wildfire Protection Plan Treatment Management Unit AV1 f t _(11 N I PI• A , -.. .t. op, •• Miles a MINS AIL =i ...""11111-1111F,0 TMU AV1 Ke Widland Urban Interface (WUI) High -Risk Riparian L J Conidor Treatment nagement Units Wildland Fire Risk OM Low Risk Moderate Risk MI High Risk C I 2018 Pine! County Community Wildfire Protection Plan Twm••••••••..• hi .....•••••;••• 11.10 AWI - I TMU AV2 Pinal County Community Wildfire Protection Plan C-7 June 2018 Key %Midland Urban Interface (Mi) High -Risk Riparian F:Z3 Corridor Wildland Fire Risk MN Low Risk Moderate Risk MI High Risk \Midland Urban Interface (VVUI) F 7 -71 High -Risk Riparian Corridor Wildland Fire Risk Low Risk Moderate Risk MN High Risk TM U AV3 TMU AV4 Appendix C. Treatment Management Unit Detail Maps 2018 Pine! County Community Wildfire Protection Plan Treatment Management Unit .AV3 2018 Pinal County Community Wildfire-Protection Plan Treatment Management Unit AV4 Pinal County Community Wildfire Protection Plan C-8 June 2018 Appendix C. Treatment Management Unit Detail Maps Key Widland Urban I= Interface (WUI) High -Risk Riparian 1-221 Corridor Wildland Fire Risk M. Low Risk (_Moderate Risk - High Risk Key WIdiand Urban Interface (VVUI) High -Risk Riparian Corridor Wi'Wand Fire Risk IMINI Low Risk : Moderate Risk MN High Risk TM U AV5 TM U AV6 2018 Plnal County Community Wildfire Protection Plan Treatment Management Unit AV5 2018 Pine! County Community Wildfire Protection Plan Treatment Management Unit AV8 Pinal County Community Wildfire Protection Plan C-9 June 2018 Key WInteldealanc :( Urban) High -Risk RiparianC Wildland Fire Risk MEM Low Risk Moderate Risk IM High Risk Key r --1%Midland Urban Interface (VVUO F 7 -71 CH onigib-dRoirsk Riparian Midland Fire Risk I= Low Risk Moderate Risk UM High Risk Appendix C. Treatment Management Unit Detail Maps 2018 Pine! County Community,Wildfire.PFOtectIon Plan Treatment Management Unit -AVT TM U AV7 TMU AV8 2018 Pine! County Community Wildfire Protection Plan Treatment Management Unit AV8 Pinal County Community Wildfire Protection Plan C-10 June 2018 Appendix C. Treatment Management Unit Detail Maps High -Risk Riparian Corridor Treatment anagement Units Wildiand Fire Risk NM Low Risk Moderate Risk OMB High Risk Key Widiand Urban Interface (WUI) High -Risk Riparian 1721 Corridor Treatment Management Units Wildiand Fire Risk - Low Risk Moderate Risk - High Risk TMU AV9 TMU AV10 ftn•ca essZ7.1""=•-77:11.Atc...Iv rims. g..sounnysa Community 188!dila Protection Plan Treatment Managen-lint Un1tAV9 1, 2018 Plnal County :Oort'17—nunItY,WIldfirePiOteetlen Plan, Treatment Manabement Unit AV10 Pinal County Community Wildfire Protection Plan June 2018 C-11 %Midland Urban Interface (W1.11) F.7 -71 High-Riskondior Riparian Corridor Treatment anagement Units Wildland Fire Risk I=1 Low Risk Moderate Risk High Risk Wldi i n dUrbanInterface) F,771 Corridor Riparian L i =j 1 Treatment anagement Units Midland Fire Risk ME Low Risk Moderate Risk MI High Risk TMU AV11 TMU AV12 Appendix C. Treatment Management Unit Detail Maps , a 2018 Pinal County Community Wildfire filo; Treatment Managirrient Unit AV12 Pinal County Community Wildfire Protection Plan C-12 June 2018 Appendix C. Treatment Management Unit Detail Maps CASA GRANDE WUI Key WinteldrtalancediUrban High -Risk Riparian E:223 Corridor Treatment Management Units Wildiand Fire Risk IM Low Risk L —1Moderate Risk - High Risk Wildiand Fire Risk - Low Risk !'—1 Moderate Risk - High Risk TMU CG1 TMU CG2 2018 Plnal County communitli,iiiidfirifiProte-caniiia"; Miinaginiiiit Unit CG1i 'ma cnn-Ai W ...• , Communtty,Wildfire !rotection Plan _ I LTreannint Mama-genie-in UnittG2 I I I -I 11 Pinal County Community Wildfire Protection Plan C-13 June 2018 1/Midland Urban Interface (VVUI) F,7 -73 High -Risk Riparian Corridor =Treatment anagement Units Wildiand Fire Risk r mu Low Risk 'Moderate Risk = High Risk !:Key Midland Urban Vr Interface (VVUI) High -Risk Riparian 2 1 Corridor Treatment =Management Units Midland Fire Risk 1313 Low Risk Moderate Risk 1- -1High Riskr i (15 -_ Appendix C. Treatment Management Unit Detail Maps fet:ed.._ -Jew -_dome 2018 Plnal County2„:&,,,, „Community Wildfire Plan M anicieniiiit Unit CG3 TMU CG3 TMU CG4 .0171631rrileell coz: ult ,Wil d fi re f e c nPla;r z tmanag:t u t tcG4 Pinal County Community Wildfire Protection Plan C-14 June 2018 Appendix C. Treatment Management Unit Detail Maps \Midland Urban =Interface (WUI) High -Risk Riparian EZZI Corridor ,Treatrnent Management Units Wildland Fire Risk 1=1 Low Risk Moderate Risk EllM High Risk Wildiand Fire Risk Low Risk Moderate Risk 1=111 High Risk TMU CG5 TMU CG6 .•,A £010 rinai t.ounry • Community Wildfire Protection Plan, Treatment Management Unit CGS - -Lti - 2018 ;ilea! County Community Wildfire Protectlim Plan .,Treatment Manalement Unit CG8 Pinal County Community Wildfire Protection Plan C-15 June 2018 Key Winteldrralanced (Urbani) High -Risk Riparian E223 Corridor Treatment Management Units Wildland Fire Risk MN Low Risk Moderate Risk 1=11 High Risk %Midland Urban Interface (WU) High -Risk Riparian=Corridor Midland Fire Risk MEI Low Risk Moderate Risk MEI High Risk TMU CG7 TMU CG8 Appendix C. Treatment Management Unit Detail Maps 2018 Phial County •, Community Wildfire Protection Plan Treatment Management Unit CG7 '2018 Pinal Countykl., Community Wildfire Protection Plan _Treatment Man-age-4min Unit CG81; Pinal County Community Wildfire Protection Plan C-16 June 2016 Appendix C. Treatment Management Unit Detail Maps Widiand Urban 1=Interface (WUI) High -Risk Riparian E723 Corridor Key Widland Urban Interface (VVUI) High -Risk Riparian Corridor INildland Fire Risk EM Low Risk Moderate Risk EMI High Risk TMU CG9 TMU CG10 2018 Plnal County..1111=.1, •Treatment management _unit CGIJ EN 2018 Pinaltiggitaiir'-Z •ViCommuntty INildfire—Priiteet7--on- ---- - - Temasfywa.n•Pl .....rnebn• 11nWrit111 OA= Pinal County Community Wildfire Protection Plan C-17 June 2018 Appendix C. Treatment Management Unit Detail Maps This Page Intentionally Left Blank. Pinal County Community Wildfire Protection Plan C-18 June 2018 Appendix C. Treatment Management Unit Detail Maps COOLIDGE WUI Key VNilinteldrfalancde (Urbani) High -Risk Riparian120Corridor Treatment anagement Units Wildland Fire Risk II=1 Low Risk Moderate Risk IM High Risk Wkfland Urban Interface (WU!) High -Risk Riparian Corridor Wildland Fire Risk MEI Low Risk Moderate Risk MEI High Risk TMU CO1 TMU CO2 2018 pinal Countil Communiti,WildfligpiiitectWan rd.Triiiitment Management Unit CO1 2(11R In,.I rn•Inkt- Community,Wildfire Protection Plan 0're-fitment Management Unit CO2 Pinal County Community Wildfire Protection Plan C-19 June 2018 K e WMland Urban Interface (VVUI) High -Risk Riparian Corridor Wildland Fire Risk EMI Low Risk Moderate Risk High Risk Idland Urban Interlace (VVUI) High -Risk RiparianV771Corridor Treatment Management Units Wildland Fire Risk MIN Low Risk Moderate Risk I=1 High Risk TMU CO3 TMU CO4 Appendix C. Treatment Management Unit Detail Maps 2018 Pinal County —1 Community Wildfire Protection Plan Treatinent Management Unit CO3 of •••••'",•• IL-. 2018 Pinal County communIti,WildfiriZpniteetlon Plan Trifeatnutint Maiiiiiinerit Unit C04 Pinal County Community Wildfire Protection Plan C-20 June 2018 Appendix C. Treatment Management Unit Detail Maps Key %Midland Urban Interface (WUI) High -Risk Riparian F172Z Corridor Treatment Management Units Midland Fire Risk EM Low Risk j Moderate Risk NM High Risk Key %Midland Urban Interface (VVUI) High -Risk Riparian Corridor WI!Wand Fire Risk Ell Low Risk I _Moderate Risk MI High Risk TMU CO5 TMU CO6 r k 2018 Phial Count roinmunttsi WildfligP tectlon Plan _12 2 •\CN-Treithlint Marimiernent Uni1C0541,' •' .2•.:,1004 •1...`,11hZ050.41#4102.7'..--T h y lturifolg,,• A .. • 1V16.- I Vg 01 . 2018 Pine! County!__ Communtti,Wildfire Protection Plan Treatment Management Unit COS , _ral Pinal County Community Wildfire Protection Plan June 2018 C-21 Appendix C. Treatment Management Unit Detail Maps This Page Intentionally Left Blank. Pinal County Community Wildfire Protection Plan C-22 June 2018 Appendix C. Treatment Management Unit Detail Maps DUDLEYVILLE WU i 1.14 Ira = W intealancde iUrban) F,771 High -Risk Riparian C onido r Treatment =Management Units Wilcitand Fire Risk INIM Low Risk Moderate Risk 1.11 High Risk 2018 Pinal County Community Wildfire Protection Plan Treatment Management Unit DV1 404 Dudlevville U R A " 2 I TMU DV1 WInteldoalanced Urban) p773 High -Risk Riparianffid lm-reatmerd anagement Units 'Midland Fire Risk Low Risk Moderate Risk NM High Risk TMU DV2 2018 Pinal County Community Wildfire Protection Plan Treatment Management Unit DV2 31116 TOWNE\ DucIlevville• ...11111.11.DIAMEMONIENC AVM, `114'XII V SY71z Mks 2 IN Pinal County Community Wildfire Protection Plan C-23 June 2018 Key IMIdland Urban Interface (VVUI) F7'71 ,High -Risk Riparian Treatment Management Units Firewise Communities Midland Fire Risk II= Low Risk Moderate Risk I= High Risk ,411---i%Midland Urban Interface (VVUI) ,p.771 High-Rlsk Riparian Corridor Treatment Management Units Midland Fire Risk M E Low Risk Moderate Risk High Risk TM U DV3 TM U DV4 Appendix C. Treatment Management Unit Detail Maps ille 2018 Plnal County Community Wildfire Protection Plan Treatment Management Unit 0V3 I ' ‘.el Miles rkravalpal • 2018 Pinal County Community Wildfire Protection Plan Treatment Management Unit DV4 r -1 ° 2 r iv ik11% Miles Pinal County Community Wildfire Protection Plan C-24 June 2018 Appendix C. Treatment Management Unit Detail Maps Dudieyville Key \Midland Urban Interface (VVUI) P771 cNorrilOh-dRolrs k Riparian TreatmentC I anagement Units Firewise Communities Wildland Fire Risk Low Risk Moderate Risk NM High Risk r .1.111111.1.1.liatN‘IIRL=ZZIN IMP re‘ " ' TM U DV5 ./-2-1118'13Inal ,County _Community.Wildfire Protection Plan__Treatment Management Unit DVS J ravaipa Cal %Mart•••,4 Key i= WInterface Urban (WUI) 17773 High -Risk RiparianC Treatment =Management Units Firewise ""Communities Wildland Fire Risk OM Low Risk Moderate Risk High Risk 2018 Pine! County Community Wildfire Protection Plan Treatment Management Unit DV6 •• •• 33 "hi • TM U DV6 Pinal County Community Wildfire Protection Plan C-25 June 2018 Appendix C. Treatment Management Unit Detail Maps This Page Intentionally Left Blank. Pinal County Community Wildfire Protection Plan C-26 June 2018 Appendix C. Treatment Management Unit Detail Maps ELOY WUI Ke 1=1WlIdland Urban Interface (VVUI) High -Risk Riparian 1271 Corridor Treatment anagement Units Wildland Fire Risk I= Low Risk Moderate Risk High Risk High -Risk Riparian L L Corridor Treatment Management Units Wildland Fire Risk - Low Risk r I Moderate Risk MN High Risk TMU ELI TMU EL2 2018 Pinal County TM—ate-Cent Management Unit EL2 Pinal County Community Wildfire Protection Plan C-27 June 2018 Key WMland Urban Interface (Will) F 7 ,73 High-RIsk Riparian Corridor Wildland Fire Risk NM Low Risk Moderate Risk =I High Risk I—, \Midland Urban Interface (VVUI) p,77j High -Risk Riparian Corridor Wildland Fire Risk Low Risk Moderate Risk IM High Risk TMU EL3 TMU EL4 Appendix C. Treatment Management Unit Detail Maps r itztPInaI n,,n!-.. .1.Community,Wildfire Protection Plan._Treatment Management Unit EL3 'I -‘1 air■ "AVAC: Ifc.1 ) :4111. 2018 Pinal County CommunIty,WIldfire' Protection Plan_..—--Treatment Management Unit EL4 =A —.-:".t • -- - I- .._i - - -i--•‘,i , .. _-..- Pinal County Community Wildfire Protection Plan C-28 June 2018 Appendix C. Treatment Management Unit Detail Maps Ke %Midland Urban Interface (VVUI) zzi High -Risk Riparian Treatment tanagement Units INildland Fire Risk NM Low Risk Moderate Risk ..11 High Risk Key %Midland Urban Interface (VVUI) pi7 .7 ]High -Risk Riparian Corridor Wildiand Fire Risk ME Low Risk Moderate Risk High Risk TMU EL5 TMU EL6 2018 Pine! County Community Wildfire Protection Plan Treatment Management Unit ELS -2018 Pinai County t n,f 6 uiltyW1Idflre Protection Plan Tratmint Mariagement Unit E16——4Ktr - Pinal County Community Wildfire Protection Plan C-29 June 2018 Key UInterface (WIrban) High -Risk Riparian g2 2 :1 Corridor Wildland Fire Risk =11 Low Risk Moderate Risk .111 High Risk %Midland Urban Interface (VVUI) F771 High -Risk Riparian Corridor Treatment Management Units Wildland Fire Risk Low Risk Moderate Risk I= High Risk TMU EL7 TMU EL8 Appendix C. Treatment Management Unit Detail Maps 2018 Pine! County Community Wildfire Protection Plan Treatment Management Unit EL7 -2018 Pinal County Community Wildfire protection Plan Treatment Management Unit EL8 Pinal County Community Wildfire Protection Plan C-30 June 2018 Appendix C. Treatment Management Unit Detail Maps FLORENCE WUI ldland Urban Interface (VVUI) V771 High -Risk RiparianC Treatment anagement Units Wildland Fire Risk - Low Risk Moderate Risk M. High Risk FL1 Map Location r a M I N I ! I I Key 11 %Midland Urban •InNarfnnek AAA II, 17771 i,41gtifisk Riparian Treatment anagement Units Wildland Fire Risk Low Risk Moderate Risk ME High Risk 1 TMU FL1 TMU FL2 I 2018 Pinal County •Community Wildfire Protection Plan Treatment Management Unit FL1 Wes 3 .- 2018 Pinal County Community Wildfire Protection Plan Treatment Management Unit FL2 Pinal County Community Wildfire Protection Plan C-31 June 2018 Appendix C. Treatment Management Unit Detail Maps VAIdland Urban Interface (VVUI) V771 High -Risk Riparian Treatment Management Units Wildland Fire Risk Low Risk 'Moderate Risk ME High Risk 2018 Pinal County , Community Wildfire Protection Plan Treatment Management Unit FL3 Key Winteldree (d Urbani) Hi g h -Ri s k Riparian Corridor Midland Fire Risk Low Risk Moderate Risk 11111 High Risk TMU FL3 TMU FL4 2018 Pinal County CommunItY,WildflaFyiite -ction Plan Treatment Management_Unit FLA _ _ _ Pinal County Community Wildfire Protection Plan C-32 June 2018 Appendix C. Treatment Management Unit Detail Maps Key %Midland Urban Interface (WUI) zzi High -Risk Riparian Treatment Management Units VVildiand Fire Risk ME Low Risk Moderate Risk MI High Risk Key VIAkiland Urban Interface (VVUI) High -Risk Riparian Corridor Wildiand Fire Risk IM Low Risk Moderate Risk High Risk TMU FL5 TMU FL6 ,2018 Pinal County.' Community Wildfire Protection Plan Treatment Management Unit FL5Kt" G ‘,'" •• 2018 Pinal County -•A Community Wildfire Protection Plan Treatment Management Unit FL8! ' • Pinal County Community Wildfire Protection Plan C-33 June 2018 Key VAlciland Urban Interface (IM) 17,77)High -Risk Riparian Corridor Wildland Fire Risk I M Low Risk Moderate Risk IM High Risk TMU FL7 Appendix C. Treatment Management Unit Detail Maps 2018 Pinal County • Community Wildfire Protection Plan Treatment Manaaement Unit FL7 1V M :MfAMN Key %Midland Urban Interface (VVUI) F.7 .7 1 Hiomdgh-Roirsk RiparianC Treatment Management Units Midland Fire Risk ME Low Risk Moderate Risk E N High Risk C I • 7..-L =MI 111 2018 Phial County Community Wildfire Protection Plan Treatment Management Unit FL8 TMU FL8 Pinal County Community Wildfire Protection Plan C-34 June 2018 Appendix C. Treatment Management Unit Detail Maps GILA RIVER INDIAN COMMUNITY WUI VVIldland Urban Interface (WUI) High -Risk Riparian Corridor Wildland Fire Risk N M Low Risk Moderate Risk High Risk TMU GC1 • E'W3 Pinal County •- Community Wildfire Protection Plan , Apache J ui Treatment tartigement Unit GC1 r "-04 Pinal County Community Wildfire Protection Plan C-35 June 2018 Appendix C. Treatment Management Unit Detail Maps This Page Intentionally Left Blank. Pinal County Community Wildfire Protection Plan C-36 June 2018 Appendix C. Treatment Management Unit Detail Maps GILA RIVER RIPARIAN CORRIDOR WUI Key Winteldrfalanced Urban) High -Risk Riparian I =Corridor Treatment Management Units Wildland Fire Risk l= Low Risk Moderate Risk EMI High Risk GI ‘a TMU Gll (2018 Plnal County :Community Wildfire Protection Plan Treatment Management Unit Gil Pinal County Community Wildfire Protection Plan C-37 June 2018 Appendix C. Treatment Management Unit Detail Maps This Page Intentionally Left Blank. Pinal County Community Wildfire Protection Plan C-38 June 2018 Appendix C. Treatment Management Unit Detail Maps GALIURO MOUNTAINS WUI zr Key Wldland Urban Interface (Vu) 1,771 High -Risk Riparian Corridor Treatment =Management Units Firewise Communities Wildland Fire Risk - Low Risk Moderate Risk - High Risk Key %Midland Urban Interface (VVUI) Hl •g h-Risk Riparian Corridor 4__11-Areatment anal:term 11 . 1 anagemem urms Firewise Communities Wildland Fire Risk MO Low Risk Moderate Risk High Risk TMU GM1 ille 2018 Pinal County Community Wildfire Protection Plan Treatment Management Unit GM1' 2018 Plnal County Community Wildfire Protection Plan Treatment Management Unit GM2 IN TMU GM2 Pinal County Community Wildfire Protection Plan C-39 June 2018 Appendix C. Treatment Management Unit Detail Maps Widland Urban Interface (WLII) 177.71 High -Risk Riparian I IVY I Treatment Management Units Firewise Communities [1=1 Wildiand Fire Risk Low Risk Moderate Risk E N High Risk GM3 Map Location uz. • -1T.•',A•Lrfc==5:15,4ni] rJ Dudleyville - 7,(1 ,111- ,•, „ 1,6,34 ' Aravaipa Canyon West GM3 Mammoth -/Ailt 4 : 6 1111,0 • „or ,(0/1!77 4rad 1,111Ji icie San-Manuel /1W r 4V7' cia.19 *11, TMU GM3 2018 Final County Community Wildfire Protection Plan Treatment Management Unit GM3 0 Motes e Pinal County Community Wildfire Protection Plan C-40 June 2018 Appendix C. Treatment Management Unit Detail Maps GOLDER RANCH WUI Key CM Weltedrifaance id Urban) High -Risk Riparian Corridor Midland Fire Risk 11= Low Risk Moderate Risk IMMI High Risk Treatment Management Units Flrewise Communities INildland Fire Risk MI Low Risk Moderate Risk High Risk TMU GR1 TMU GR2 2018 PM& County Cornr—T —umiti,WildfirgPriiteetiot an Treatment Management Unit GR1 2018 Pin& County Protection Tre-atment Management Unit .GR2 Pinal County Community Wildfire Protection Plan C-41 June 2018 Key \Midland Urban Interface (VVUO High -Risk Riparian E2 2 :1 Corridor Wildland Fire Risk Low Risk Moderate Risk NM High Risk %Midland Urban interface (MP) r,.771 High -Risk Riparian Corridor WIIdland Fire Risk =I Low Risk Moderate Risk NM High Risk TMU GR3 TMU G R4 Appendix C. Treatment Management Unit Detail Maps 2018 Pine! County_ COMmunity Wildfire Pietection Plan Treatment Management Unit GR3 2018 Plnal County Community Wildfire Protection Plan Treatment Management Unit GR4 Pinal County Community Wildfire Protection Plan C-42 June 2018 Appendix C. Treatment Management Unit Detail Maps Key =winteldrfalancde (Urbani) High -Risk Riparian 17271 Corridor Treatment nagement Units INildland Fire Risk - Low Risk Moderate Risk - High Risk Key VvIldiand Urban Interface (VVUI) High -Risk Riparian Corridor INildland Fire Risk =. Low Risk Moderate Risk 1.111 High Risk TMU GR5 TMU GR6 2018 Pinal County Community Wildflre-ProtectioliPliii Treatment Management UnitbR5 2018 Pi,ial County Community Wildfire Protection Plan Treatment Management Unit GR6 Pinal County Community Wildfire Protection Plan C-43 June 2018 Appendix C. Treatment Management Unit Detail Maps Key i=i1MIeteldril rede U(WIrbein) P High -Risk Riparian r A Corridor Treatment =Management Units Wildland Fire Risk Low Risk Moderate Risk NMI High Risk TMU GR7 2018 Plnal County Community Wildfire Protection Plan Treatment Management Unit GR7 WinteldiYalanede Urban) riHigh -Risk Ripaan 7771 Coriidor Treatment =Management Units Wildland Fire Risk I=1 Low Risk Moderate Risk High Risk 2018 Pinal County Community Wildfire Protection Plan Treatment Management Unit GR8 TMU GR8 Pinal County Community Wildfire Protection Plan C-44 June 2018 Appendix C. Treatment Management Unit Detail Maps Key VAN:Hand Urban Interface (VVUI) High -Risk Riparian 1723 Corridor Treatment Management Units Wildland Fire Risk 11.111 Low Risk Moderate Risk 1=1 High Risk Key Mc!land Urban Interface (VVUI) ,High7Risti Riparian Treatment Management Units Wildland Fire Risk - Low Risk Moderate Risk - High Risk TMU GR9 TMU GR10 2018 Phial County CommunitiWildfire Protection Plan Treatment Management Unit GR9 2018 Pinal County - --;.,- Community Wildfire Protection Plan Treatment Management Unit GR10 Pinal County Community Wildfire Protection Plan C-45 June 2018 Appendix C. Treatment Management Unit Detail Maps This Page Intentionally Left Blank. Pinal County Community Wildfire Protection Plan C-46 June 2018 Appendix C. Treatment Management Unit Detail Maps KEARNY M i l Key ldland Urban Interface (MI) F,773 High -Risk RiparianC =Treatment anagement Units Wildland Fire Risk Low Risk Moderate Risk MEI High Risk • TMU KR1 2018 Pinal County Community Wildfire Protection Plan h Treatment Management Unit KR1 Ntrecl ! Mies r Key 1=1 Wldi (d UrbaniInterface) 177 -4 Corridor Riparian 1:1.1T1Areeneeenntgeement Units 1Nildland Fire Risk I M Low Risk Moderate Risk NM High Risk • r." it, I TMU KR2 2018 Pine! County Community Wildfire Protection Plan Treatment Management Unit KR2 Pinal County Community Wildfire Protection Plan C-47 June 2018 Appendix C. Treatment Management Unit Detail Maps Key VOWland Urban a Interface (WUI) p p77]High -Risk Riparian Corridor =Treatment anagement Units Wildiand Fire Risk I Low Risk Moderate Risk MEI High Risk • T a..dirc •*'V _ 4 -li t e r TMU KR3 2018 Final County 'Community Wildfire Protection Plan 1lTreatment Management Unit KR3 Ies "/NI TA'./77 Key (=hiland Urban Interfa ce (vvuo F-771 High -Risk RiparianC =Treatment Management Units 111 Midland Fire Risk LOW HISK Moderate Risk r IMMOHigh Risk TMU KR4 2018 Plnal County Community Wildfire Protection Plan Treatment Management Unit KR4 Pinal County Community Wildfire Protection Plan C-48 June 2018 Appendix C. Treatment Management Unit Detail Maps 1 \111/1 Winteldrfalanced Urban) High -Risk Riparian 122:1 Corridor —=Treatment Management Units Wildlend Fire Risk M I Low Risk Moderate Risk MEI High Risk TMU KR5 2018 Pine! County Community Wildfire Protection Plan Treatment Management Unit KR5 Fae--lr" Pinal County Community Wildfire Protection Plan C-49 June 2018 Appendix C. Treatment Management Unit Detail Maps This Page Intentionally Left Blank. Pinal County Community Wildfire Protection Plan C-50 June 2018 Appendix C. Treatment Management Unit Detail Maps MARICOPA WUI Ke VAIdland Urban Interface (VVUI) High -Risk Riparian Corridor Treatment Management Units Wildtand Fire Risk IIIIIIII Low Risk Moderate Risk IM High Risk Key.. 1=3 %/Midland Urban Interface (VVUI) p771 H,Igh-Risk Riparian Treatment Management Units Wildland Fire Risk Low Risk Moderate Risk ME High Risk TMU MA1 TMU MA2 2018 Pinal Coady:• Community Wildfire Protection Plan:-1-__ Treatment Managertnnit Unit MA1. . 7 f f r •;1tit AY 10 rifler lot:11.11111/Ai PInmiinitiWildfire'Proteaioil Plitt 7°1 Treabnent Management Unit MA2: Pinal County Community Wildfire Protection Plan C-51 June 2018 Key = I Wintekiritaanced ( Urban) High -Risk Riparian Conidor Treatment Management Unite Wildland Fire Risk Low Risk Moderate Risk ..11 High Risk Key Wildland Urban Interface (VUI) F77]Hiri-Risk Riparian Corridor WIldland Fire Risk 111111 Low Risk Moderate Risk High Risk TMU MA3 TMU MA4 Appendix C. Treatment Management Unit Detail Maps 2018 Pinal County 7 . Community'Wildfire Protection plan ,-..:Treatment Management Unit MA3 . .--• ,),!2018 Pinal County ;•,i ,-'Community Wildfire Protection Plan .4. i Treatment Management Unit MA4 f .I (• ..1 i)i • .- •1 I ' !,i \ Pinal County Community Wildfire Protection Plan C-52 June 2018 Appendix C. Treatment Management Unit Detail Maps 11(2x %Midland Urban Interface (WUI) IF773cHoigmh-dRoirsk Riparian r —ITreatment Management Unite t ,Wildland Fire Risk 1111. Low Risk Moderate Risk High Risk ckpe- -e 8 :rtzt8 44 mA5 map Location I,- Widland Urban Interface (VVUI) F,771cHigh-Risk Riparian Treatment anagement Units Wildianci Fire Risk Low Risk Moderate Risk IECI High Risk U 2018 Phial County }-- Community Wildfire Protection Plan Treatment Manariement Unit MAS. H TMU MA5 f; OGG TMU MA6 -" 611-e ;20-18 iPinal CoOnty f Community Wildfire Protection plan Treatment Management Unit MA6 liStanfield t-zi37 Pinal County Community Wildfire Protection Plan C-53 June 2018 Key %Midland Urban Interface (MI) High -Risk Riparian Corridor Midland Fire Risk 1.111.Low Risk Moderate Risk MI High Risk VVIldland Urban Interface (vvui) r .-7 -7]High -Risk Riparian Corridor Midland Fire Risk Low Risk Moderate Risk 111111 High Risk TMU MA7 TMU MA8 Appendix C. Treatment Management Unit Detail Maps 2018 Plnal County .C-o-mmunitiAldfire Protection Plan yeatrnent Management Unit MA7. ,!.2018 Plnal CountyY7 "Commtiniti Wildfire Protectloriplili _Treatment Men—agenient Unit MA8 Pinal County Community Wildfire Protection Plan C-54 June 2018 Appendix C. Treatment Management Unit Detail Maps Key wldi (WU nd Urban Interface ) High -Risk Riparian E722)Corridor Treatment Management Units Midland Fire Risk - Low Risk Moderate Risk - High Risk 2018 Pinal County ,Trelitment Management Unit MA9 Key Wldland Urban Interface (VVUI) High -Risk Riparian Treatment Management Units Midland Fire Risk IM Low Risk Moderate Risk MI High Risk , %AsaEr ,77, TMU MA9 TMU MA10 2018 Phial County Community Wildfini_Piiiiteciliiii-TPlan ;riven-tient Riziagemirit Unit MAIO' 7,11 1=Li If II 4,• • held • W1r- .1X 7 1111 •• •r'st 2/11 - ,401), ••-1..... Pinal County Community Wildfire Protection Plan C-55 June 2018 Wkiland Urban Interface (WUI) 177-7 .1Hiognidh-Roirsk Riparianc Treatment anagement Units Wildland Fire Risk MN Low Risk Moderate Risk IM High Risk :1 1 NiMintekllanoaccie tUrbani) Ezz High-Riskomdor RiparianC = T reatment Management Units Midland Fire Risk 1=I Low Risk Moderate Risk MI High Risk TMU MA11 TMU MA12 Appendix C. Treatment Management Unit Detail Maps twww.Auto rine' 1...ounwamri•mi com7nuntti,Wildfliel4FtiZiteciron Plan"' Treatment Management Unit MA11 2018 Pinal County Community,Wildfire Protection Plan Treatment Management Unit MA12 Pinal County Community Wildfire Protection Plan C-56 June 2018 Appendix C. Treatment Management Unit Detail Maps ILE% IMldI id UrbanInterface) p7.7j High -Risk Riparian Corridor ;Iv-riae naatmgeemrdent unite Wildland Fire Risk I N .Low Risk Moderate Risk MI High Risk '4'12018 Pirini Counte _ 4-,Community Wildfire Protection Plan -1.Trelitident Manatteiiiiiit Unit MA13Virginsizaak•aa (:MCCPPIIEn a r!MOM NEM • • TMU MA13 Key %Midland Urban Interface (Will) High -Risk Riparian Corridor Treatment •anagement Units Wildiand Flre Risk =Low Risk Moderate Risk NM High Risk 2018 Pirial County • 'COmmunity.Wildfire Protection Plan Treatment Man—a-gement Unit MA14' c iria09Mm - _,-/177111115•9111ME, TMU MA14 Pinal County Community Wildfire Protection Plan C-57 June 2018 Appendix C. Treatment Management Unit Detail Maps Key %Midland Urban Interface (VVUI) High -Risk Riparian Corridor Treatment Management Units Wildland Fire Risk MI Low Risk Moderate Risk High Risk if i u n o o e d o o y e n ',213-18Pittiil County . Communiti Wildfire Protection Plan Treatment Man-aaeMent Unit MA15,S c .-1- 11E;1 =tifffiralit 111 ,e4TM NA MU L11M • PRIM TMU MA15 Pinal County Community Wildfire Protection Plan C-58 June 2018 Appendix C. Treatment Management Unit Detail Maps MAMMOTH WUi Key =W Idland Urban Interface (MI) E7771 High -Risk Riparianc atment nagement Units Firewise Communities Wildland Fire Risk - Low Risk Moderate Risk - High Risk MM1 Map Location 1/Midland Urban Interface (VVUI) High -Risk Riparian Corridor Wildland Fire Risk II= Low Risk Moderate Risk - High Risk ;•'lAravalpa Canyon West /7jA-A •f - ea-• eo. ,A t t XL/7,W V San Manuel TMU MM1 TMU MM2 1 2018 Pinal County Community Wildfire Protection Plan Treatment Management Unit MM1 Wes °1 1 PT\ 2018 Pinal County Community Wildfire Protection Plan 14.1 Treatment Management Unit MM2 Pinal County Community Wildfire Protection Plan C-59 June 2018 MAIdland Urban Interface (VVUI) r 7 .7 ]High-Riskondior RiparianC Treatment Management Units %Midland Fire Risk - Low Risk Moderate Risk - High Risk MM3 Map Location TMU MM3 Appendix C. Treatment Management Unit Detail Maps 2018 Pined County CommunIti.Wildfire Protection Plan Treatment Management Unit MM3 Winteldot n.de ( Urbani) P77j High -Risk Riparian Corridor Treatment =Management Units IMidiand Fire Risk Low Risk Moderate Risk 11.11 High Risk TMU MM4 '2018 Pinal County Co-mmunity Wildfire Protection Plan." ; Treatment Management Unit MM4 Pinal County Community Wildfire Protection Plan C-60 June 2018 Appendix C. Treatment Management Unit Detail Maps ORACLE WUI Key = I Widiend iUrbanInterface) zzi High -Risk Riparian Treatment anagement Units Firewise Communities INildiand Fire Risk Low Risk Moderate Risk MN High Risk High -Risk Riparian Corridor Treatment Management Units Firewise Communities Midland Fire Risk M I Low Risk Moderate Risk M.High Risk TMU OR1 TMU OR2 ;/,'"A<411-2018 Phiald-O-untY Community,Wildfire ProtectiOn Plan-•- - Treat:lit-int Management Unit OR1 KIM San Manuel Num 00'N FN5 2 VIM , 2018 Pine' COinitli• ‘CommtinIty Wildfire Piotectio„ri Plan )e).:Treatment Management Unit 0R2 Pinal County Community Wildfire Protection Plan C-61 June 2018 \Midland Urban Interface (VVUI) F,7 . -A High -Risk Riparian Corridor TreatrnentC I anagement Units Flrewise Communities Wildland Fire Risk N M Low Risk Moderate Risk I-1High Risk 0R3 Map Location Key NAAIdland Urban Interface (VVUI) 177-7 1 High -Risk Riparian Corridor jreatmentC I anagement Units Flrewise Communities Wildland Fire Risk 11= Low Risk Moderate Risk I= High Risk 0R4 Map Location Appendix C. Treatment Management Unit Detail Maps TMU OR3 0018 Final Coun.ty _s _. Communiti,Wildfire.Paitection Plan 'I tTreatment Management Unit 0R3J 2018 Pinal County Community Wildfire Protection Plan Treatment Management Unit 0R4 ; TMU OR4 Pinal County Community Wildfire Protection Plan C-62 June 2018 Appendix C. Treatment Management Unit Detail Maps Key %Midland Urban Interface (WUI) r7.71 cHlot-dRoirskRiparian =Treatment anagement Units Wi!Wand Fire Risk NM Low Risk _.; Moderate Risk 7 -7 High Risk Key I- _____ W an (Urbani) High -Risk Riparian 1223 rridor Treatment =Management Units ▪Firewise •Communities VVildland Fire Risk MI Low Risk —3 Moderate Risk I= High Risk ORB Map Location TMU OR5 2018 Pine! County Community Wildfire Protection Plan Treatment Managemenfthilt .0R5 - - 2018 Pinal County Community Wildfire Protection Plan Treatment Management Unit ORB .1 % • vatrA -rto, M-2240,, ;e=2 -441 4t-0,40._ TMU OR6 0 .111) Pinal County Community Wildfire Protection Plan June 2018 C-63 ( =WMland Urban Interface (WLII) 17-77)High -Risk Riparian Corridor Treatment an ent Units %Midland Fire Risk Low Risk Moderate Risk I-1 High Risk r I'• 0R7 Map Location '4 4 :0 .,'1 1.--.11'1').1 _1 I ... Appendix C. Treatment Management Unit Detail Maps 2018 Pinal CoontY Communiti,Wildfli;Piiitiction Plan Treatment Management Unit 0R7 01449/;772/ 4/// TMU OR7 Coronado 0.9 '1M A Pinal County Community Wildfire Protection Plan June 2018 C-64 Appendix C. Treatment Management Unit Detail Maps QUEEN CREEK Win Key Wl (nd UrbaniInterface) High -Risk Riparian Corridor Treatment Management Units Wildland Fire Risk =11 Low Risk Moderate Risk High Risk Wildland Fire Risk MI Low Risk Moderate Risk High Risk TMU QC1 TMU QC2 nen -7'•, , Arlo rinai t.ournyrs Communiti,Wildfini-PFOtection plan giTriketriiint Minageniiiiit Unit PC1 2018 Phial County' Community Wildfire; Protection Plan Treatment Management Unit 0C2' Pinal County Community Wildfire Protection Plan C-65 June 2018 ( =idland Urban Interface (VVUI) 177 -7 ]Corridor Riparian r Treatment anagement Units 1Wildiand Fire Risk 'NM Low Risk Moderate Risk MI High Risk TMU QC3 Appendix C. Treatment Management Unit Detail Maps 2018 Pinal CouritY - • Community Wildfire Protection Plan 'Treatment Management Unit CiC3 Key r-7 WIdland Urban Interface (VVUI) /7771High -Risk Riparian Corridor cL a Treatmentanaent Units Wildland Fire Risk MN Low Risk Moderate Risk High Risk IEZZANAI i 'I r CIC4 Ma AV I CP rairb Jrvi:ch ic, Community Wildfire Protection Plan .:1 Treatment Management Unit 12C4 -i V1 TMU QC4 Pinal County Community Wildfire Protection Plan C-66 June 2018 Appendix C. Treatment Management Unit Detail Maps QUEEN VALLEY Win .e• MINIM ."4r1 , =1 \Midland Urban Interface (WUI) F,77I High -Risk Riparianc t=i Treatment anagement Units Wildiend Fire Risk MI Low Risk Moderate Risk High Risk • 2 „2. TMU QV1 •201-11 Pinal Cnuntv Community Wildfire Protection PiaThntcl —--- • •,,treatment management unit um V-•jN 7M"'"'Ttl W "-erwiL" 3 im j k<± 0,111diand Urban Interface (VVUll High -Risk Riparian I I 1223 Corridor Treatment — Management Units I I Wildland Fire RiskI ,M. Low Risk Moderate Risk High Risk TMU QV2 -•2018 Plnal County Community Wildfire Protection Plan 'Treatment Management Unit 0V2 t ( r •I._/I Clueenyalle4 Pinal County Community Wildfire Protection Plan C-67 June 2018 Appendix C. Treatment Management Unit Detail Maps Key 1/Midland Urban Interface (WUI) High -Risk Riparian Corridor "isfzetment nagement Units Wildiand Fire Risk =11 Low Risk Moderate Risk MU High Risk TMU QV3 2018 Pine! County)-- Community Wildfire Protection Plait Treatment Management Unit CIV3;01 r•.___Elti5t '-..172(1—,-'71. gel) Key /- 1 Win:delan Uce(d Urban /77.71 CHior ri-dRoirsk Riparian 4c._14-reatrnentianal:lament Units %Midland Fire Risk EMI Low Risk Moderate Risk NEE High Risk p TMU QV4 12018 Phial County ;Community Wildfire Protection Plan Treatment Management Unit GIV4 Pinal County Community Wildfire Protection Plan C-68 June 2018 Appendix C. Treatment Management Unit Detail Maps i i j ILIra = N Ainteldrfalancde Urban) F771 High -Risk RiparianC I = Treatment anagement Units Wildland Fire Risk 1111111 Low Risk is _1 Moderate Risk 11:39 High Risk k a,),,,favaueenilley -.,.41.0,14 t -401 CW5 Map Location TMU QV5 2018 PInal County _s• Community Wildfire Protection Plan' '-.Treatment Management Unit 0:1V8; N. •i s fes •.k c 2 1M Pinal County Community Wildfire Protection Plan C-69 June 2018 Appendix C. Treatment Management Unit Detail Maps This Page Intentionally Left Blank. Pinal County Community Wildfire Protection Plan C-70 June 2018 Appendix C. Treatment Management Unit Detail Maps SAN MANUEL WUI Key Wldland Urban Interface (VVUI) High -Risk Riparian Corridor 'Treatment Management Units Firewise Communities Wildland Fire Risk Low Risk Moderate Risk 1.111 High Risk TMU SM1 Wildland Fire Risk Low Risk Moderate Risk MI High Risk - I • 2018 Pl i -Colinty • ConinitinIty Wiidfir P tectlon Plan Treatment Management Unit SM1 2018 Pinal County Community Wildfire Protection Plan Treatment Management Unit SM2 Pinal County Community Wildfire Protection Plan C-71 June 2018 gimmi sorinre800- 01 Ke0 WIdland Urbanj/ = Interface (WUit i r -7 .71 cHoigmh-dRolrsk Riparian t =Treatment anagement Units Wildiend Fire Risk FAr IIIIIII Low Risk Moderate RiskI INIM High Risk ' SiiManuel SM3 Map Location / TMU SM3 Appendix C. Treatment Management Unit Detail Maps Nv/ 2018 Pinal County Community.Wildfire Protection Plan Treatment Management Unit SM3 21 1--10Aintledo.lancodUrbain) 17771 cl inih-dRoIrek Riparian Treatment =Management Units %Midland Fire Risk NM Low Risk Moderate Risk MO High Risk • 4/47 2 es 4 :i5Z7=2 r-Tirr-A,,/s e bZIA11100441k-41..01-- r '"-.--'' \'Ttle f, -i t r i, 0\1 , \ Ii kt 4151.;m1 Nirr7 ..'PK*•0 oli t hin_ r SM4 Map Location , -.1tA,1;IFFP 11r, MP= San Manuel c z 0 ca;12A1.974 .2(g 2018 Pinal County Community Wildfire Protection Plan Treatment Management Unit SM4 Miles 4 P^4 TMU SM4 Pinal County Community Wildfire Protection Plan C-72 June 2018 Appendix C. Treatment Management Unit Detail Maps Key VMkIland Urban Interface (WUI) High -Risk Ripadan Corridor TMU SM5 2018 Phial County Community Wildfire Protection Plan Treatment Management Unit SM5 Niles 2 V \ 1111 —1/1 WIdland Urban Interface (VVUI) High -Risk Riparian Treatment Management Units Wildland Fire Risk Low Risk Moderate Risk High Risk SW Map Location zoia pinai uounty WHAM..k -war llllll 4.11111., Mv;,,Ailt Treatment Management Unit SM8 s4Vr4,41Zik, • f.V. • 3,9A 401102)-_,WV:7A itt/_2`/J V . ,4" gMes 2 IF\ TMU SM6 Pinal County Community Wildfire Protection Plan C-73 June 2018 iir7r4 Oracle = W In terface Urban (VVUI) P77]c14.019mh-dRoirsk Riparian I =Treatment anagement Units Firewise Communities Wildland Fire Risk EMI Low Risk Moderate Risk MN High Risk Coronado National Forest TMU SM7 Appendix C. Treatment Management Unit Detail Maps 2018 Pinal Countyl, CommunIty,VVildflaP tection Plan Treatment Management Unit SM7 Pinal County Community Wildfire Protection Plan C-74 June 2018 Appendix C. Treatment Management Unit Detail Maps SUPERIOR WUI Key In terface Urban (WUI) p7-A cHigh-Risk Riparian =Treatment anagement Units Midland Fire Risk Low Risk Moderate Risk IM High Risk SP1 Map Location 1 . , =1 Wldi id UrbanInterface) High -Risk Riparian 6.41 P773 Corridor 1 Treatment anagement Units Wildiand Fire Risk OM Low Risk Moderate Risk MI High Risk TMU SP1 TMU SP2 2018 Pinal County Community Wildfire Protection Pia:NI Treatment Management Unit SP1 Top -of -the -World ;a k, 2018 Pine! County CommunttY,WildfiriiProtection Plan Treatment Management Unit SP2 ;I Pinal County Community Wildfire Protection Plan C-75 June 2018 IHR3Te Villdland UrbanInterface ( p77)CHo migh-dRoirsk Riparian =Treatment anagement Units Wildland Fire Risk =I Low Risk Moderate Risk 111.. High Risk 400 Thbrivis Arbonadurti TMU SP3 Appendix C. Treatment Management Unit Detail Maps 10 li9`2018 Ptnal County bommunity Wildfire Protection Plan Treatment Management Unit SP3 ::) 4 1 3 U\3 Pinal County Community Wildfire Protection Plan C-76 June 2018 Appendix C. Treatment Management Unit Detail Maps TOHONO O'ODHAM NATION WUI Key Wldland Urban1=1Interface (VVUI) High -Risk Riparian E7'3 Corridor Treatment Management Units Wildland Fire Risk - Low Risk Moderate Risk - High Risk TMU TO1 2018 Phial County, COrminntiti,WIldfini picitecticinri:-!Gri Pinal County Community Wildfire Protection Plan C-77 June 2018 Appendix C. Treatment Management Unit Detail Maps This Page Intentionally Left Blank. Pinal County Community Wildfire Protection Plan C-78 June 2018 Appendix C. Treatment Management Unit Detail Maps TOP -OF -THE -WORLD WUI Key %Midland Urban Interface (VVUI) High -Risk Riparian E223 Corridor = T reatment Management Units Wildiand Fire Risk 1=11 Low Risk Moderate Risk High Risk r TMU T1N1 I lk, 2018 Pinal County Community Wildfire Protection Plan Treatment Management Unit TW1 Atires r Prcl HIM Key = I WldInterface d Urban) F 7 7 3 Corridor Riparian Treatment anagement Units Wildland Fire Risk MIII Low Risk Moderate Risk High Risk TMU TW2 2018 Pinal County Community Wildfire Protection Plan Treatment Management Unit TW2 Pinal County Community Wildfire Protection Plan C-79 June 2018 Appendix C. Treatment Management Unit Detail Maps This Page Intentionally Left Blank. Pinal County Community Wildfire Protection Plan C-80 June 2018